Front Cover

Progress in Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy

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Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1. ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS USING PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY

INTRODUCTION

PLASMA GENERATION

SAMPLE INTRODUCTION

CHOICE OF ANALYTICAL LINES

APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ORGANIC SOLVENT ENHANCEMENT EFFECTS IN ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY

INTRODUCTION

EFFECT OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS ON ASPIRATION RATE

AEROSOL DROPLET SIZE DISTRIBUTION EFFECTS

EFFECTS OF AUXILIARY OXIDANT ON AEROSOL TRANSPORT

FLAME TEMPERATURE EFFECTS

RADICAL EFFECTS

ATOMIZER GEOMETRY CHANGE EFFECTS

THE TRIAL–AND–ERROR APPROACH

SUMMARY OF CAUSES OF SOLVENT ENHANCEMENT EFFECTS

POSSIBLE FUTURE RESEARCH AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3. EMISSION SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS USING COOL FLAMES. PART II. A REVIEW OF PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR EMISSION CAVITY ANALYSIS (MECA)

INTRODUCTION

I. CONVENTIONAL MECA

II. MECA AS A DETECTOR FOR VAPOUR GENERATION SYSTEMS

III. MECA AS A DETECTOR FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY

IV. MECA COMPARED WITH OTHER TECHNIQUES

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4. ICP - AES AT THE BEGINNING OF THE EIGHTIES

INTRODUCTION

1 - IS ICP APPLICABLE TO THE ANALYSIS OF ALL ELEMENTS WITH A SIMILAR SENSITIVITY ?

2 - IS ICP FREE FROM INTERFERENCE ?

3 – QUEST OF A UNIVERSAL PLASMA–GAS ?

4 – PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CHAPTER 5. EXPLODING CONDUCTORS AS ATOMIZATION CELLS AND EXCITATION SOURCES FOR ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY

INTRODUCTION

GENERAL THEORY AND PHENOMENOLOGY

RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF EXPLODING CONDUCTORS

MASS AND ENERGY FLOW CHARACTERISTICS

SAMPLING CHARACTERISTICS

ANALYSIS LINE-TO-BACKGROUND INTENSITY RATIOS

ACCURACY AND PRECISION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 6. PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

THEORETICAL ASPECTS

INSTRUMENTATION

APPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 7. THE LIMITING FACTORS FOR INTENSITY AND LINE PROFILE OF RADIATION SOURCES FOR ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY

1. INTRODUCTION

2. LINE BROADENING MECHANISMS

3. DIFFERENT BACKGROUND SOURCES for AAS and their LIMITATIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 8. GRAPHITE FURNACE INTERFERENCES, A GUIDE TO THE LITERATURE

ABSTRACT

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

INSTRUMENT CONDITIONS

PRODUCTION OF AN ATOMIC VAPOR

GRAPHITE EFFECTS

VAPOR PHASE EFFECTS

MATRIX MODIFICATION

FURNACE ATOMIC EMISSION AND FLUORESCENCE

INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS

CHAPTER 9. EVALUATION OF EMISSION SPECTROGRAMS

INTRODUCTION

1. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROGRAPHY

2. THE ROLE OF THE BLACKENING CURVE IN SPECTROGRAPHY

3. PHOTOEMULSION AS A RADIATION DETECTOR

4. MEANS OF DENSITY MEASUREMENT AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATION

5. FACTORS AFFECTING THE SHAPE OF THE BLACKENING CURVE

6. CONSTRUCTION OF THE BLACKENING CURVE AND DETERMINATION OF Ύ

7. PERFORMANCE OF SPECTROGRAPHIC METHODS

8. QUANTITATIVE SPECTROGRAPHIC METHODS

9. OPTIMIZATION OF SPECTROGRAPHIC METHODS

10. APPENDIX

CONCLUSIONS

Acknowledgement

REFERENCES

AUTHOR INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX

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