Contents

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

1.1 Definition of the subject

1.2 Political continuity

1.3 A note on Kushan chronology

2. An iconographicanalysis of the Hellenistic subjects in the artof Gandhara, Bactria and the adjoining areas of the Kushan Empire

2.1 General remarks

2.2 Greek mythological figures in the east

2.2.1 Adonis

2.2.2 Aphrodite

2.2.3 Apollo

2.2.4 Ares

2.2.5 Artemis

2.2.6 Athena

2.2.7 Atlantes

2.2.8 Centaur

2.2.9 Cybele

2.2.10 Demeter

2.2.11 Dionysus

2.2.12 The Dioscuri

2.2.13 Eros/Cupids

2.2.14 Harpocrates

2.2.15 Helios

2.2.16 Heracles

2.2.17 Hermes

2.2.18 Nereids

2.2.19 Nike

2.2.20 Poseidon

2.2.21 River gods

2.2.22 Sarapis

2.2.23 Tyche / City goddess

2.2.24 Zeus

2.3 Other schemes of Greek origin

2.3.1 Various themes

2.3.2 Drinking, dancing and erotic scenes

2.4 Greek deities identified with Iranian or Indian ones

2.4.1 Tyche-Hariti-Ardokhsho-Lakshmi

2.4.2 Heracles-Vajrapani

2.4.3 Pharro / Panchika / Hermes

2.4.4 Shiva – Vesho – Veshparkar with attributes of Poseidon, Zeus and Heracles

3. Conclusions

4. Bibliography