CLASS, INEQUALITY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Table of contents

Series editors’ preface

Rethinking Community Development

Acknowledgements

Notes on contributors

Part 1. Contested concepts of class, past and present

1. Class, inequality and community development: editorial introduction

Introduction

Class, identity and difference

Changes in class formations and class-consciousness

Community, solidarity and class

Class, inequality and community development: remaking the connections

Organisation of the book

2. Competing concepts of class: implications and applications for community development

Introduction: class and community

Community against class

Community development in a neoliberal age

3. Community development in the UK: whatever happened to class? A historical analysis

Introduction: the background

The nature of class

The meaning of community

Class and other forms of discrimination and oppression

Industry–community links

Class in community development literature from the 1970s onwards

Conclusion

Part 2. Class, inequality and community development in context

4. Working-class communities and ecology: reframing environmental justice around the Ilva steel plant in Taranto (Apulia, Italy)

Introduction: the confiscation

Environmental justice and working-class communities

Working class community ecology

Labour and the environment in Taranto

Conclusion

5. Race, class and green jobs in low-income communities in the US: challenges for community development

Introduction

Linkage, green jobs, and community development activism

Racial equity, social class, and the green economy

Clean Energy Works Portland (CEWP)

Tracking changes in adopting green jobs programmes

Findings and discussion

Conclusion

6. Community development practice in India: Interrogating caste and common sense

Introduction

The background of the study

Hegemony and common sense

The Balmiki community in India

Class, caste and community development

Conclusion

7. The impact of gender, race and class on women’s political participation in post-apartheid South Africa: challenges for community development

Introduction and overview

Intersectionality, politics and development

Challenges and constraints to women’s political representation

Reflections for the future

Conclusion

8. What happens when community organisers move into government? Recent experience in Bolivia

Introduction

Class, race and community in Bolivia

Social movements, community organisers and the MAS government

Social movements: in or against the state?

Concluding comments

9. Community development: (un)fulfilled hopes for social equality in Poland

Introduction

The history of social stratification processes and community development in Poland

Community development and work activation projects

Conclusion

10. Rural–urban alliances for community development through land reform from below

Introduction

Historical context

Building Sem Terra community development

Rural–urban alliances of the MST in Brazil and the struggle for land in the Ribeirão Preto–São Paulo region

Community development with land reform from below: the Mário Lago land settlement

Conclusion

PART 3

Part 3. Reconnecting class and inequality through community development

11. Reconciling participation and power in international development: a case study

Introduction

Setting the context

ActionAid’s organisational change process

Explaining ActionAid’s rights-based approach

Matching development ideology and organisational structure

Building capability in policy: recruiting policy experts

The nature of global spaces

Developing policy positions

Doing justice to people’s voices

Class and organisational culture

Conclusions

12. Transformative education and community development: sharing learning to challenge inequality

Introduction

Knowledge, power and education

Understanding power differentials in the Indian context

Education, equality and the law in India

Access inequality

Inequality inside schools and classrooms

Moving from universal access and quality to equity: the role of transformative education

Concluding thoughts

13. Community development and class in the context of an East Asian productivist welfare regime

Introduction

Hong Kong as a productivist welfare regime

Community development services since the 1980s

Introducing the study

Limited class studies in the social sciences and community development fields

Underdevelopment of class perspectives in the community development field

Conclusion

14. Community organising for social change: the scope for class politics

Introduction

The context

Community development and class

Community organising: an introduction

Community organising and class

From listening through dialogue to action

Barriers to action

Conclusions

Concluding Chapter. Community unionism: looking backwards, looking forwards

Introduction

Building alliances: community organising and community unionism in Britain

Community unionism: contested concepts and practices, past and present

Contrasting approaches to building community unionism

Reciprocal community unionism: tensions and challenges

Political structures, strategies and roles

Wider implications: building effective and sustainable alliances for social justice

Index