Chapter
Chapter 2 Using Historical Data for Studying Range Changes
2.2 Review of Historical Data Sets on Species' Distributions
2.3 Methods for Using Historical Data to Estimate Species' Range Changes
2.4 Challenges and Biases in Historical Data
2.5 New Ways of Analysing Data and Future Perspectives
Chapter 3 Experimental Approaches for Assessing Invertebrate Responses to Global Change Factors
3.2 Experimental Scale: Reductionist, Holistic and Integrated Approaches
3.3 Experimental Design: Statistical Concerns
3.4 Experimental Endpoints: Match Metrics to Systems
3.5 Experimental Systems: Manipulations From Bottle to Field
3.6 Team Science: the Human Dimension
Chapter 4 Transplant Experiments - a Powerful Method to Study Climate Change Impacts
4.1 Global Climate Change
4.2 Climate Change Impacts on Species
4.3 Climate Change Impacts on Communities
4.4 Common Approaches to Study Climate Change Impacts
4.5 Transplant Experiments - a Powerful Tool to Study Climate Change
4.6 Transplant Experiment Trends Using Network Analysis
4.7 What's Missing in Our Current Approaches? Next Steps for Implementing Transplant Experiments
Part II Friends and Foes: Ecosystem Service Providers and Vectors of Disease
Chapter 5 Insect Pollinators and Climate Change
5.2 The Pattern: Pollinator Populations and Climate Change
5.3 The Process: Direct Effects of Climate Change
5.4 The Process: Indirect Effects of Climate Change
5.5 Synthesis, and the View Ahead
Chapter 6 Climate Change Effects on Biological Control in Grasslands
6.2 Changes in Plant Biodiversity
6.3 Multitrophic Interactions and Food Webs
6.4 Greater Exposure to Extreme Events
6.6 Greater Exposure to Pest Outbreaks
Chapter 7 Climate Change and Arthropod Ectoparasites and Vectors of Veterinary Importance
7.2 Parasite-Host Interactions
7.3 Evidence of the Impacts of Climate on Ectoparasites and Vectors
7.4 Impact of Human Behaviour and Husbandry on Ectoparasitism
7.5 Farmer Intervention as a Density-Dependent Process
7.6 Predicting Future Impacts of Climate Change on Ectoparasites and Vectors
Chapter 8 Climate Change and the Biology of Insect Vectors of Human Pathogens
8.2 Interaction with Pathogens
8.3 Physiology, Development and Phenology
8.4 Population Dynamics, Life History and Interactions with Other Vector Species
8.5 Case Study of Forecasts for Vector Distribution Under Climate Change: The Altitudinal Range of Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus in Nagasaki, Japan
8.6 Vector Ecology and Evolution in Changing Environments
Chapter 9 Climate and Atmospheric Change Impacts on Aphids as Vectors of Plant Diseases
9.2 Interactions with the Pyramid
9.3 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Part III Multi-Trophic Interactions and Invertebrate Communities
Chapter 10 Global Change, Herbivores and Their Natural Enemies
10.2 Global Climate Change and Insect Herbivores
10.3 Global Climate Change and Natural Enemies of Insect Herbivores
10.4 Multiple Abiotic Factors
Chapter 11 Climate Change in the Underworld: Impacts for Soil-Dwelling Invertebrates
11.2 Effect of Climate Change on Nematodes: Omnipresent Soil Invertebrates
11.3 Effect of Climate Change on Insect Root Herbivores, the Grazers of the Dark
11.4 Effect of Climate Change on Earthworms: the Crawling Engineers of Soil
11.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Chapter 12 Impacts of Atmospheric and Precipitation Change on Aboveground-Belowground Invertebrate Interactions
12.2 Atmospheric Change - Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentrations
12.3 Altered Patterns of Precipitation
12.4 Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 13 Forest Invertebrate Communities and Atmospheric Change
13.1 Why Are Forest Invertebrate Communities Important?
13.2 Atmospheric Change and Invertebrates
13.3 Responses of Forest Invertebrates to Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentrations
13.4 Responses of Forest Invertebrates to Elevated Ozone Concentrations
13.5 Interactions Between Carbon Dioxide and Ozone
13.6 Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 14 Climate Change and Freshwater Invertebrates: Their Role in Reciprocal Freshwater-Terrestrial Resource Fluxes
14.2 Climate-Change Effects on Riparian and Shoreline Vegetation
14.3 Climate-Change Effects on Runoff of Dissolved Organic Matter
14.4 Climate Change Effects on Basal Freshwater Resources Via Modified Terrestrial Inputs
14.5 Effects of Altered Terrestrial Resource Fluxes on Freshwater Invertebrates
14.6 Direct Effects of Warming on Freshwater Invertebrates
14.7 Impacts of Altered Freshwater Invertebrate Emergence on Terrestrial Ecosystems
14.8 Conclusions and Research Directions
Chapter 15 Climatic Impacts on Invertebrates as Food for Vertebrates
15.2 Changes in the Abundance of Vertebrates
15.3 Changes in the Distribution of Vertebrates
15.4 Changes in Phenology of Vertebrates, and Their Invertebrate Prey
15.6 Postscript: Beyond the Year 2100
Part IV Evolution, Intervention and Emerging Perspectives
Chapter 16 Evolutionary Responses of Invertebrates to Global Climate Change: the Role of Life-History Trade-Offs and Multidecadal Climate Shifts
16.2 Fundamental Trade-Offs Mediating Invertebrate Evolutionary Responses to Global Warming
16.3 The Roles of Multi-Annual Extreme Droughts and Multidecadal Shifts in Drought Regimens in Driving Large-Scale Responses of Insect Populations
16.4 Conclusions and New Research Directions
Chapter 17 Conservation of Insects in the Face of Global Climate Change
17.2 Vulnerability Drivers of Insect Species Under Climate Change
17.3 Assessment of Insect Species Vulnerability to Climate Change
17.4 Management Strategies for Insect Conservation Under Climate Change
17.5 Protected Areas and Climate Change
17.6 Perspectives on Insect Conservation Facing Climate Change
Chapter 18 Emerging Issues and Future Perspectives for Global Climate Change and Invertebrates
18.2 Multiple Organisms, Asynchrony and Adaptation in Climate Change Studies
18.3 Multiple Climatic Factors in Research
18.4 Research Into Extreme Climatic Events
18.5 Climate change and Invertebrate Biosecurity
Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates
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