Nutritional Management of Equine Diseases and Special Cases

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Description

Nutritional Management of Equine Diseases and Special Cases offers a concise, easy-to-comprehend text for equine veterinarians with questions about commonly encountered nutritional problems. 

  • Assists veterinarians in supporting equine patients with special nutritional needs
  • Focuses on nutritional problems and impact on different body systems
  • Covers ponies, miniature horses, draft horses, donkeys, and mules
  • Offers complete coverage of common diseases and problems helped by nutrition
  • Includes useful chapters on poisonous plants and mycotoxins

Chapter

Chapter 2 Draft horses, mules, and donkeys

2.1 Draft Horses

2.2 Donkeys

2.3 Mules

References

Chapter 3 Gastrointestinal system

3.1 The Association between Nutrition and Colic

3.1.1 Feeds and Colic: Pastures

3.1.2 Feeds and Colic: Dried Forages

3.1.3 Feeds and Colic: Concentrates

3.1.4 General Practices to Prevent Colic

3.2 Nutritional Plans for Horses with Colic

3.2.1 Identifying Nutritional Status

3.2.2 Nutritional Requirements of Horses with Colic

3.3 Routes for Feeding Horses Recovering from Colic

3.3.1 Voluntary Intake

3.3.2 Supportive Enteral Nutrition

3.3.3 Parenteral Nutrition

3.4 Diets for Specific Diseases

3.4.1 Uncomplicated Colic

3.4.2 Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome

3.4.3 Duodenitis/Proximal Jejunitis

3.4.4 Small Intestinal Strangulation

3.4.5 Ileal Impaction (Nonstrangulating Small Intestinal Obstruction)

3.4.6 Ascending (Large) Colon Impactions

3.4.7 Sand Impactions

3.4.8 Enteroliths and Fecaliths

3.4.9 Ascending Colon Displacement

3.4.10 Ascending Colon Volvulus (Large Colon Torsion)

3.4.11 Cecal Impactions

3.4.12 Cecocecal and Cecocolic Intussusception

3.4.13 Descending (Small) Colon Obstructions

3.4.14 Descending (Small) Colon Strangulations

References

Chapter 4 Muscular system

4.1 Myopathies Associated with Nutritional Deficiencies

4.1.1 Nutritional Myodegeneration due to Selenium Deficiency

4.1.2 Equine Motor Neuron Disease and Vitamin E Deficiency

4.1.3 Vitamin E Deficient Myopathy

4.1.4 Sporadic Exertional Rhabdomyolysis

4.2 Nutrigenomics

4.2.1 Chronic Forms of Exertional Rhabdomyolysis

4.2.2 Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy

4.2.3 Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis

References

Chapter 5 Endocrine system

5.1 Equine Metabolic Syndrome

5.1.1 Definition of Equine Metabolic Syndrome

5.1.2 Epidemiology

5.1.3 Species, Age, and Sex Predisposition

5.1.4 Genetics and Breed Predisposition

5.1.5 Risk Factors

5.1.6 Geography and Seasonality

5.1.7 Associated Conditions and Disorders

5.1.8 Clinical Presentation

5.1.9 Diagnosis

5.1.10 Treatment

5.1.11 Possible Complications of Treatment or of the Disease Process

5.1.12 Recommended Monitoring

5.1.13 Prognosis and Outcome

5.1.14 Prevention

5.2 Feeding Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction

5.2.1 Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction and Adequate Body Condition

5.2.2 Obese Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction

5.2.3 Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction and Thin Body Condition or Horses with PPID that are in Work

5.3 Pearls and Considerations

5.3.1 Client Education

5.3.2 Veterinary Technician Tips

References

Chapter 6 Respiratory system

6.1 Effects of Inhaled Dust and Potential Aeroallergens on Equine Respiratory Disease

6.2 Respirable Dust Deposition in the Airways

6.3 Effects of Soaking Hay

6.4 Effects of Steam Treating Hay

6.5 Feeding Forage Alternatives

6.5.1 Haylage

6.5.2 Hay Cubes

6.5.3 Pellets

6.6 Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage

6.7 Acute Interstitial Pneumonia

References

Chapter 7 Neurologic system

7.1 Cervical Vertebral Malformation

7.2 Botulism

7.3 Ryegrass Staggers

7.4 Equine Degenerative Myelopathy and Neuroaxonal Dystrophy

7.5 Equine Motor Neuron Disease

7.6 Effect of Form and Dose of Vitamin E on Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations

References

Chapter 8 Mycotoxins

8.1 Aflatoxins

8.1.1 Toxicokinetics

8.1.2 Mechanism of Action

8.1.3 Toxicity and Clinical Signs

8.1.4 Reproductive and Developmental Effects

8.1.5 Treatment

8.2 Fumonisins

8.2.1 Toxicokinetics

8.2.2 Mechanism of Action

8.2.3 Toxicity and Clinical Signs

8.2.4 Treatment

8.3 Slaframine

8.3.1 Mechanism of Action

8.3.2 Toxicity and Clinical Signs

8.3.3 Treatment

8.4 Trichothecenes

8.4.1 Toxicokinetics

8.5 Mechanism of Action

8.5.1 Toxicity and Clinical Signs

8.5.2 Treatment

8.6 Zearalenone

8.6.1 Toxicokinetics

8.6.2 Mechanism of Action

8.6.3 Toxicity and Clinical Signs

8.7 Treatment

8.8 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 9 Poisonous plants

9.1 Excessive Salivation Induced by Plants

9.2 Colic and Diarrhea-Inducing Plants

9.2.1 Horse Chestnut or Buckeye

9.2.2 Field Bindweed (Morning Glory)

9.2.3 Oak

9.2.4 Mountain Laurel

9.2.5 Pokeweed

9.2.6 Buttercups

9.2.7 Castor Oil Plant

9.2.8 Jimson Weed, Potato, and Tomato

9.2.9 Kentucky Coffee Tree

9.3 Photodermatitis-Inducing Plants

9.3.1 Primary Photosensitization

9.3.2 Secondary Photosensitization

9.3.3 Liver Disease-Inducing Plants

9.4 Neurologic Disease-Inducing Plants

9.4.1 Sagebrush

9.4.2 Locoweeds and Milkvetches

9.4.3 Milkvetch Neurotoxicosis

9.4.4 Yellow Star Thistle and Russian Knapweed

9.4.5 Horsetail

9.4.6 White Snakeroot and Crofton, Jimmy, or Burrow Weeds

9.4.7 Bracken Fern

9.4.8 Johnsongrass and Sudangrass

9.5 Lameness and Muscle Weakness‐Inducing Plants

9.5.1 Black Walnut

9.5.2 Hoary Alyssum

9.5.3 Coffee Weed or Coffee Senna

9.6 Plant-Induced Calcinosis

9.6.1 Day-Blooming Jessamine

9.6.2 Flatweed

9.7 Selenium Toxicosis

9.7.1 Causes of Selenium Toxicosis

9.7.2 Two-Grooved Milkvetch (Astragalus bisulcatus)

9.7.3 False Golden Weed (Oonopsis species)

9.7.4 Woody Aster (Xylorhiza glabriuscula)

9.7.5 Prince’s Plume (Stanleya pinnata)

9.7.6 White Prairie Aster (Aster falcatus)

9.7.7 Broom, Turpentine, Snake, or Match Weed (Gutierrezia sarothrae)

9.7.8 Gumweed or resinweed (Grindelia spp.)

9.7.9 Saltbush (Atriplex spp.)

9.7.10 Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja spp.)

9.7.11 Beard Tongue (Penstemon spp.)

9.7.12 Effects of Acute Selenium Toxicosis

9.7.13 Effects of Chronic Selenium Toxicosis

9.7.14 Diagnosis of Selenium Toxicosis

9.8 Anemia-Inducing Plants

9.8.1 Onions

9.8.2 Red Maple

9.8.3 Spoiled Sweet Clover

9.9 Teratogenic Plants

9.10 Sudden Death-Inducing Plants

9.10.1 Cyanide-Induced Sudden Death

9.10.2 Toxicity of Cyanogenic Glycosides

9.10.3 Serviceberry or Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia)

9.10.4 Wild Blue Flax (Linum spp.)

9.10.5 Western Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana)

9.10.6 Elderberry (Sambuccus spp.)

9.10.7 Sorghum Grasses

9.10.8 Arrow grass or goose grass (Triglochin spp.)

9.10.9 Clinical Effects and Diagnosis of Acute Cyanide Poisoning

9.10.10 Treatment of Acute Cyanide Poisoning

9.10.11 Cardiac Glycoside-Induced Sudden Death

9.11 Larkspur

9.12 Monkshood

9.13 Poison Hemlock

9.14 Water Hemlock

9.15 Yew

9.16 Death Camas

9.17 Avocado

Glossary

Supplemental Reading

References

Index

EULA

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