Chapter
3 Solid government legislation and support as a key to success
Administrative arrangements
The role of the Ministry of Health
Notification of the incursion
The MoH’s immediate response
Action 1 – Confirming the identification of the mosquito
Action 2 – Undertaking a risk assessment
Action 3 – Informing public health units
Action 4 – Defining policy and strategy
Action 5 – Establishing the Napier Mosquito Response Centre (MRC)
Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS)
Transfer from the MoH to the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Administration of transfer completed
Ongoing eradication programme implementation during the transfer period
Related work programme completed during the transfer period
Structural Arrangements: Evolution from Local to Regional to National Eradication
The roles of other government agencies
Liaison with local government
The Resource Management Act 1991
The Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
The International Health Regulations 2005
Funding the Hawke’s Bay Incursion Response
Support from XR-G Manufacturers
The role of the Health Funding Authority
Programme transfer to the MAF
4 Listening to the experts – the advice that drove the national programme
The Southern Saltmarsh Mosquito Technical Advisory Group
S-methoprene: where to from here?
Transferring the TAG to the MAF
Australian mosquito control and arboviral disease experts
Mosquitocide evaluations, supply and support
5 Who knows how to do broad-scale aerial control of mosquitoes?
Napier Mosquito Response Centre (MRC)
Scaling up and overcoming habitat influences
Broad-scale treatment refinement
6 Coming to grips with ProLink XR-G at Hawke’s Bay
The nightmare begins – detecting S-methoprene in water samples
Do aerial applications of granules reach the ground?
Characteristics of the XR-G product
Was there enough XR-G released to kill mosquitoes?
7 Pathways of entry and mosquito dispersal
Pathways for spread within NZ
Adult flight and wind-assisted dispersal
Unintentional spread by birdwatchers or duck shooters
Understanding human-mediated methods of spread
Mitigating risk of pathway spread
Understanding spread through molecular analysis
The sequence of translocations
The means of translocation
The magnitude of spread risk from each zone
Habitat at risk of infestation
8 Camp Kaipara – a mosquito or programme death camp?
Kaipara – the initial find
Turning the mountain into a molehill
NZ BioSecure Report to the MoH
Resource Management Act 1991
Kaipara eradication programme operational planning
Additional training/education undertaken
Radio communications/repeater station
Daily briefings and debriefings
Equipment and vehicle maintenance
Wash point design and implementation
Troubleshooting complaints
Campto raises its ugly head
9 Developing detection and surveillance
The rise of entomology laboratory services
The rise of a national database
Surveillance at Napier: is eradication working?
National saltmarsh surveillance: a paradigm shift
Public health unit surveillance success
Review of national surveillance 2002
Towards a national surveillance programme
The National Saltmarsh Mosquito Surveillance Programme
NSP surveillance based on prior probabilities
NSP habitat identification
NSP habitat classification
NSP measures of surveillance
Surveillance in the end game: are they really gone?
10 The National Saltmarsh Mosquito Surveillance Programme
NSP operations: NZ BioSecure 2005–2010
Success – Coromandel Campto detection
Laboratory identification
A history of NSP surveillance outcomes
11 Maintaining environmental integrity in invasion areas
Environments suitable for Campto
Areas in NZ infested with Campto
Hawke’s Bay and Poverty Bay
Marlborough – Wairau and Grassmere
Environmental effects of the control agents
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti)
Anticipated effect on NZ flora and fauna
Habitat management and steps taken to minimise the effect of the treatment programme
So were there any lasting effects of the eradication programme?
12 Communications and cultural issues
Communications – just another health crisis
Characteristics of a public health event
Great having a plan but that’s only half of it; effective delivery is essential
NZ public had become somewhat sensitised to eradication projects
The strategic communications response
The Kaipara Communications Plan, a case study
Comment on the Kaipara Communications Strategy and Information Protocol
The calm before the storm
Damage control and preventing chaos
Tell them once, tell them again and then tell them one more time
Potential programme destroyer, some major headwinds have to be dealt with
Hunting down that very last mosquito
13 Reflections on a successful eradication programme
Using established systems and processes
Having international help
Having legislation that works
Communicating effectively
Maintaining effective field operations
Using intelligence to drive responses
Providing an ongoing capability
Mosquito Eradication
：The Story of Killing Campto
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