Chapter
1.3. Automatic Character of the Assimilation
1.4. The Loss of the Nasal Consonant
Chapter II: The Goals and Methods of diachronic Linguistics
2.1. Diachronic Correspondences and Phonetic Changes
2.1.1. The Gradualness of Sound Change
2.1.2. The Transition Problem
2.2. Explanations in Diachronic Linguistics: Internal and External Factors
Chapter III: Formation of the French nasal vowels: The Search for causes
3.1. A Physiological and Historical Explanation
3.2. Substratum Influence
3.3. The Loss of Nasal Consonants as a Structural Change
3.3.1. Loss of Nasal Consonants Without Emergence of Nasal Vowel Phonemes
3.3.2. Nasalization and Loss of Intervocalic Nasal Consonants: Portuguese versus Gascon
3.3.3. Nasalization and the Loss of Final Nasal Consonants: French versus Catalan-Provençal
3.3.4. Summary and Conclusion
Part two: The evolution of the French nasal vowels
Chapter IV: The Evolution of the French nasal vowels: previous Studies
4.2. The Lowering Hypothesis
4.3. Instrumental Phonetic Studies
4.4. Evidence For High Nasal Vowels
4.4.1. Raising of Nasalized Vowels
4.4.2. The Modem French Nasal Vowel Subsystem
4.5. The Interpretation of Assonance
Chapter V : The Evolution of Nasalized Vowels in the Old French Period
5.1. The Method of Analysis for the Early Texts
5.1.1. Problems Inherent to this Method
5.1.2. The Dialects of Old French
5.2. Symbols Used in this Study
5.3. Sources of Old French Nasalized Vowels
5.4. The Early Hagiographie Poems
5.5. The Chansons de Geste. La Chanson de Roland
5.5.3. Le Voyage de Charlemagne
5.5.4. Le Couronnement de Louis
5.6. La Vie de Saint Thomas le martyr
5.7. Summary of Assonances: iN and uN
5.8. Evolution of the Nasal Vowel Subsystem
5.8.1. The merger eN-aN: Phonological Pressures Within the Core System
5.8.2. Morphological Pressures
5.8.3. Further Developments
Chapter VI: From Middle French to Modern French
6.1. The Effacement of -N
6.2. The Evolution of the VN Subsystem from Late Old French to the Seventeenth Century
6.2.1. The Merger iN-EN and the lowering of iN, uN
6.2.2. The Reduction of the Diphthongs ie and oi
6.2.3. The Velarization of a
6.2.4. The Merger iN-EN and the Phonetic Value of Modern French/?/
6.2.5. The Phonetic Quality of the Modern French Nasal Vowels
Bibliography: A. Text Editions
Appendix: A Comparison of the Portuguese and French Nasal Vowel Subsystems
The formation and evolution of the French nasal vowels
( Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie )
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