Description
This book examines the threat that climate change poses to projects of poverty eradication, sustainable development, and biodiversity preservation. It discusses the values that support these projects and evaluates the normative bases of climate change policy. It regards climate change policy as a public problem that normative philosophy can shed light on and assumes that the development of policy should be based on values regarding what is important to respect, preserve, and protect. What sort of policy do we owe the poor of the world who are particularly vulnerable to climate change? Why should our generation take on the burden of mitigating climate change caused, in no small part, by emissions from people now dead? What value is lost when species go extinct, because of climate change? This book presents a broad and inclusive discussion of climate change policy, relevant to those with interests in public policy, development studies, environmental studies, political theory, and moral and political philosophy.
Chapter
Reasons for Mitigation and Consumption
Human Dignity and Poverty Eradication
The Antipoverty Principle
The Human Rights Approach
2 The Value of Biodiversity
Biodiversity and Species Extinction
A Very Short Excursion through Pufendorf and Kant
The Aesthetic Value of Organisms
An Objection and a Response
Regret and Responsibility
3 Risks, Uncertainties, and Precaution
Climate Change and Uncertainties
Uncertainties and Catastrophes
Uncertainty, Climate Sensitivity, and Policy
4 Discounting the Future and the Morality in Climate Change Economics
A Reason for Consumption?
Discounted Utilitarianism
The Elasticity of Marginal Consumption
The Rate of Pure Time Preference
Human Dignity and Optimization
Precaution and Mitigation
5 The Right to Sustainable Development
The Institutional Conception of the Right
Sustainable Development and Climate Change Policy
The Assumptions Revisited
Reasonableness and Good Faith Deliberation
Deep and Superficial Justifications
Unreasonableness and Importance
The Right to Sustainable Development and Human Rights
The Right to Sustainable Development and International Paretianism
6 Responsibility and Climate Change Policy
The Pragmatics of Responsibility
Generational Moral Responsibility and Reasons for Mitigation
Outcome Responsibility Extending into the Future
Assigning Intragenerational Responsibility under a Mitigation Plan
Responsibility Tied to Historic Emissions
The Ability-to-Pay Principle
The Fierce Urgency of Now
Assisted Migration of Species
A Morally Satisfactory International Mitigation Agreement
Appendix A The Antipoverty Principle and the Non-Identity Problem
Appendix B Climate Change and the Human Rights of Future Persons: Assessing Four Philosophical Challenges
The Human Rights Argument
The Human Rights Argument as Intergenerational Justice
The First Challenge (Conceptual): The Nonexistence of Future Persons
The Second Challenge (Conceptual): Waiver and the Contingent Existence of Future Persons
The Third Challenge (Conceptual): Impossibility and the Contingent Existence of Future Persons
The Fourth (Normative) Challenge: Trade-offs
Appendix C The Right to Sustainable Development versus International Paretianism
Appendix D Declaration on Climate Justice
Achieving climate justice
Transformative leadership