INFRASTRUCTURE IN AFRICA

Contents

List of figures

Notes on contributors

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Introduction: Infrastructure in African development

Background

What does the literature say about infrastructure and development?

The status of infrastructure in Africa and issues of transformation

Map of the book

Part 1: Spatial and demographic contexts

1. Infrastructure Development Index

Introduction

Why do we need an Infrastructure Development Index?

Methodology

Main results

Conclusion

Annex: Overviews of the African International Development Index

2. Rapid urbanization and the growing demand for urban infrastructure in Africa

Introduction

Africa’s principal infrastructure challenge

Infrastructure for more livable and productive cities

Elements for more productive and livable cities

Annex

3. Infrastructure for the growing middle class in Africa

Introduction

Access to improved infrastructure services

Investment requirements to provide access to the middle classes

Household spending on infrastructure services

Affordability conditions

Conclusions and recommendations

4. Infrastructure and rural productivity in Africa

Introduction

Challenges facing rural activities

Logistics costs as a result of rural infrastructure

Rural infrastructure in correlation with rural productivity

Conclusion: an agenda for rural infrastructure

Part 2: Sector-specific issues

5. Water and sanitation in Africa: current status, trends, challenges and opportunities

Introduction

Urbanization and access to water and sanitation services

Factors influencing water and sanitation needs over the next 50 years

Investment needs

Supply- and demand-side constraints

Conclusion

Annex

6. Africa’s prospects for infrastructure development and regional integration: energy sector

Introduction

Electricity: Africa’s current position

Gas: Africa’s current position

Liquid fuels

Energy infrastructure finance

Challenges

Opportunities for energy infrastructure

Conclusion

7. Africa’s prospects for infrastructure development and regional integration: transport sector

Introduction

Importance of transport infrastructure

A driver of regional integration

Financing transport infrastructure in Africa

Road sub-sector

Rail sub-sector

Ports sub-sector

Airport sub-sector

Conclusion and recommendations

Annex 1: Overview of African transport infrastructure stocks

Annex 2: International evidence of successful private sector participation in the ports sector

Annex 3: Influences on road quality

Annex 4: Role of inland water transport in Africa

8. Africa’s prospects for infrastructure development and regional integration: information and communications technology sector

Overview of the information and communications technology ecosystem in Africa

Current investment in the African broadband ecosystem

Investment requirement for the ICT ecosystem over the next three decades

Financing information and communications technology sector development

Implications for regional cooperation

Conclusion

Part 3: Regional issues

9. The state of infrastructure in East Africa

Introduction

Social infrastructure: access to water and sanitation, and electricity

Infrastructure to serve productive needs

Surface transportation

Information and communications technology

10. Integrated approaches for infrastructure

Introduction

Challenges facing the region

Infrastructure for more livable and productive cities

Benefits accruing to rural areas from urban and regional infrastructure

Regional integration: the way forward for infrastructure provision

Financing Africa’s infrastructure in a two-tier market

The role of the African Development Bank in infrastructure

Conclusion

Annex

11. Regional integration and infrastructure connectivity in Africa

Introduction

Gains from further regional integration

Regional integration agenda: a focus on energy, transport and telecommunication

Calibrating to respond to sub-regional specifics

Non-physical components of the agenda

Conclusion

Annex

Part 4: Financing issues

12. Infrastructure deficit and opportunities in Africa

Introduction

The state of infrastructure supply in Africa

Africa’s infrastructure financing requirements

Mobilizing financing for infrastructure in Africa

The role of the African Development Bank in infrastructure development

Conclusion

Annex

13. Comparative analysis of costs of some selected infrastructure components across Africa

Introduction

Methodology

Price Level Indices results

Conclusion

Annex

14. Infrastructure deficit and financing needs in Africa

Introduction

State of infrastructure access in Africa7

Constraints to infrastructure development

Financing infrastructure

Africa50 Fund for infrastructure

The role of the African Development Bank

15. Innovative financing for infrastructure: Africa50 Fund issues

Introduction

Theories of infrastructure and corporate finance

Debating infrastructure financing in African development

The Africa50 Fund: issues for consideration

Conclusion

Part 5: Concluding remarks

16. Infrastructure, political economy and Africa’s transformational agenda

Introduction

Political economy and status of Africa’s infrastructure

Rethinking infrastructure financing

Changing policies and values: capacity for maintenance and upgrade issues

The role of infrastructure in structural transformation of Africa

Looking beyond China: South–South technical cooperation in infrastructure development

Conclusion

Index