Chapter
4.5 The instrumental / comitative
Chapter 5 Genitive and possessive
5.2 Genitive-possessive structures
5.3 Possessive + var/yok `I have...’
5.4 Some special and obligatory uses of the possessive
5.5 Possessives with quantifier phrases
5.6 Genitive-possessive construction chains
Chapter 6 Numerals and plurality
6.11 Measuring substances
6.13 Yar, yarm and other fractions
Chapter 7 Existential var / yok
7.1 Locative and possessive existentials
7.2 var/yok in subordination
7.3 var/yok in relative clauses
7.4 Tense and aspect on var/yok
7.5 Person markers on var/yok
8.2 Demonstrative pronouns
8.4 Reflexive and reciprocal pronouns
Chapter 9 The verb: an overview
9.3 Derivation with voice suffixes
9.4 Converbs -(y)Iver, -(y)Adur, -(y)Akal
9.5 Verbs with et-, ol-, çek-, at-, and geç-
Chapter 10 -Iyor, the progressive
10.3 Negative: verb + mA + Iyor
Chapter 11 Future with -(y)AcAK
11.3 The -(y)AcAK
paradigm
11.6 Future in nominal sentences witholacak
Chapter 12 Past with -DI and -(y)DI
12.5 -DI vs. -(y)DI
or idi
Chapter 13 -mIş and -(y)mIş
Chapter 14 Present tense with the aorist -Ir/-Ar
Chapter 15 -mAktA and -DIr
Chapter 16 Imperative and optative
Chapter 17 Compound tenses
17.1 -Iyor + -(y)DI, the past progressive
17.2 -Arl-lr + -(y)DI, 'used to/would otherwise'
17.3 -(y)AcAK ± -(y)DI, 'was going to’
17.4 -mI ± -(y)DI, the remote past
17.5 -Iyor, -(y)AcAK, -Ar/-Ir, -mIş + -(y)mIş
Chapter 18 Person markers
18.1 Person markers on nouns and adjectives
18.2 Person markers on pronouns
18.3 Person markers on var and yok
18.4 Person markers on verbs
19.1 Simple postpositions and their case-marked complements
19.2 Possessive-marked postpositions
19.3 Spatial postpositions with the possessive
19.4 Postpositions with clausal complements
20.1 The passive suffixes
20.4 Passive and case markers
20.5 The tarafndan phrase and the -CA suffix
21.1 The causative suffix
22.3 Emphatic kendi and kendi kendine
22.4 Use of kendi as a personal pronoun
23.2 Collective interpretation
23.3 Reciprocal pronoun birbiri
24.1 -DIK and -(y)AcAK with verbal predicates
24.3 Existential sentences with var and yok
24.4 Subordination of questions
24.5 De- vs. söyle- and diye
Chapter 25 Infinitives with -mA and -mAK
25.4 The use of -(s)I with -mA
26.3 Locative ki construction
26.4 Comparative structures
26.5 Superlative structures
26.6 Question words as modifiers
26.7 Quantifiers and determiners as modifiers
26.8 Adjectives with nominalized complements
27.1 Adverbs and adverbials
27.2 Derivation of adverbs
27.4 Frequency adverbials
27.6 Adverbs of place, source, location, direction
27.7 Adverbs of quantity or degree
27.8 Miscellaneous adverbs
28.2 Irrealis or hypothetical conditional or 'wish' with -sA
28.5 Realis conditional with -(y)sA
28.8 Conditionals with question words
28.9 Conditionals without -sA or -(y)sA
Chapter 29 Ability and possibility with -(y)Abil
29.2 Negative -(y)AmA, -mAyAbil, and -(y)AmAyAbil
Chapter 30 Obligation and necessity
30.2 lazım/ şart/gerek/gerekli
30.3 zorunda/mecburiyetinde olmak and zorunda/mecburiyetinde kalmak
Chapter 31 Relative clauses
31.1 Subject relative clauses with -(y)An
31.2 Subject relative clauses with -(y)AcAK
(olan)
31.3 Non-subject relative clauses with -DIK and -(y)AcAK
31.4 Headless relative clauses
32.1 Word order variation
32.2 Restrictions on word order variation
32.3 Dislocated constituents
33.1 Yes-no questions with mI
33.3 Tag questions with değil mi?
33.4 Adverbs used in questions: hani, acaba, and yoksa
34.4 değil in verbal sentences
34.5 Tag questions with deil
35.3 ama, fakat, ancak, yalnz, lakin 'but'
35.4 de 'too’, de...de 'both’
35.6 ya...ya, (ya...) ya da, veya, yahut, veyahut '(either) or'
35.7 hem...hem, hem...hem de
35.9 ise and -(y)sA `as for,’ `whereas’
35.10 çünkü, zira `because’
35.11 Miscellaneous conjuncts
35.13 Incomplete words in coordination
36.2 -CIğIm, -CA, -CAnA, -CAğIz
37.2 Partial reduplication
Chapter 38 Interjections and some idiomatic expressions
38.1 Interjections and some idiomatic expressions
Chapter 39 Spelling and punctuation
39.1 Long and short vowels
39.6 Clitics and particles
40.2 sen, siz, and plural agreement on verbs
40.3 Titles and forms of address
Appendix A Verbal inflection paradigms
Appendix B Nominal inflection paradigms
Appendix C Verbs categorized according to their case-marked complements
Appendix D Verbs categorized according to their clausal complement types
Appendix E Selected grammar books for further study
Appendix F Answer key to the exercises
Appendix G Glossary of grammatical terms
A Student Grammar of Turkish
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