Description
This monograph presents a comprehensive description of the theoretical foundations and experimental applications of spectroscopic methods in plasma physics research. The first three chapters introduce the classical and quantum theory of radiation, with detailed descriptions of line strengths and high density effects. The next chapter describes theoretical and experimental aspects of spectral line broadening. The following five chapters are concerned with continuous spectra, level kinetics and cross sections, thermodynamic equilibrium relations, radiative energy transfer, and radiative energy losses. The book concludes with three chapters covering the basics of various applications of plasma spectroscopy to density and temperature measurements and to the determination of some other plasma properties. Over one thousand references not only guide the reader to original research covered in the chapters, but also to experimental details and instrumentation. This will be an important text and reference for all those working on plasmas in physics, optics, nuclear engineering, and chemistry, as well as astronomy, astrophysics and space physics.
Chapter
2.7 Natural line broadening
2.8 Scattering of radiation
2.9 Resonance fluorescence
2.10 Optical refractivity
3 Oscillator and line strengths
3.1 Relative line strengths
3.2 Absolute line strengths for one-electron atoms
3.3 Line strengths for two- and more-electron atoms
3.5 Plasma effects on oscillator and line strengths
3.6 Measurements of radiative transition probabilities
4 Spectral line broadening
4.1 General theory of pressure broadening
4.2 Electron scattering theory of line broadening
4.4 Plasma screening of electron collisions
4.5 Kinetic theory models of dynamical ion effects
4.6 Collisional narrowing and correlations between Doppler and Stark broadening
4.7 Stark broadening calculations
4.8 Effects of neutral perturbers
4.9 Line profile and width measurements
4.10 Line shift and asymmetry measurements
4.11 Effects of plasma wave fields
5.1 Photoionization cross sections
5.2 Approximate calculations of photoionization cross sections
5.3 Continuum absorption coefficients
5.4 Continuum emission coefficients
6 Cross sections and level kinetics
6.2 Collisional ionization and three-body recombination
6.3 Collisional excitation and deexcitation
6.4 Autoionization and dielectronic recombination
6.5 Heavy particle collisions
7 Thermodynamic equilibrium relations
7.1 Thermodynamic equilibrium and statistical mechanics
7.2 Ionization equilibrium equations
7.3 High density corrections
7.5 Equations of state for dense plasmas
7.6 Validity conditions for local thermodynamic equilibrium
8 Radiative energy transfer
8.1 Effective absorption coefficients
8.2 Effective emission coefficients and redistribution functions
8.3 Radiative transfer equation and source function
8.4 Transient problems and escape factors
8.5 Reconstruction of source distributions from intensities
9.1 Bremsstrahlung losses
9.2 Recombination radiation losses
9.3 Line radiation losses
9.4 Numerical calculations of radiation losses
10 Spectroscopic density measurements
10.1 Densities from spectral line widths and profiles
10.2 Densities from absolute continuum intensities
10.3 Densities from absolute line intensities
10.4 Electron densities from relative line intensities
11 Spectroscopic temperature measurements
11.1 Relative intensities of lines of the same atom or ion
11.2 Relative line intensities of subsequent ionization stages of the same element
11.3 Lines from isoelectronic transitions of different elements
11.4 Relative continuum intensities
11.5 Ratios of line and continuum intensities
11.6 Intensities from optically thick layers
11.7 Line intensities in rapidly ionizing plasmas
12 Other diagnostic applications of plasma spectroscopy
12.1 Charge exchange recombination spectroscopy
12.2 Beam emission spectroscopy (BES)
12.3 Polarization spectroscopy
12.4 Magnetic field measurements
12.5 Electric field measurements
12.6 Effective charge measurements
Principles of Plasma Spectroscopy
( Cambridge Monographs on Plasma Physics )
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