Cover

Title

Copyright

Dedication

Contents

Acknowledgments

1 Semantic Leaps

1.1 Productive Language Behavior

1.1.1 Cats on Mats

1.1.2 Mats on Cats

1.1.3 The Centrality of Mapping

1.2 Background

1.2.1 Frame Semantics

1.2.2 Mental Space Theory

1.3 Connections

Part one. Frame-Shifting

2 Frame-Shifting and Models of Language Processing

2.1 Approaches to Comprehension

2.1.1 Composition: A Thoughtful Wife

2.1.2 Semantic Indeterminacy

2.1.3 Sense and Nonce Sense

2.1.4 Frame-Shifting: Another Thoughtful Wife

2.1.5 Constructivist Accounts

2.2 Frame-Shifting in One-Line Jokes

2.2.1 Typical Situations

2.2.2 Default Values

2.2.3 Reinterpretation

2.2.4 Goal Presupposition

2.2.5 Nonconventional Meanings

2.3 Conclusions

3 Models of Sentential Integration

3.1 Frame-Shifting in Text Processing

3.2 Frame-Shifting in Sentential Integration

3.3 Frame-Based Models

3.3.1 Frames and Constraint Satisfaction

3.3.2 The Story Gestalt Model

3.3.3 Structured Connectionism

3.3.4 Space Structuring

4 Frame-Shifting and the Brain

4.1 Neuropsychology

4.2 Event-Related Brain Potentials

4.2.1 Lexical Versus "Post"-Lexical Processing

4.2.2 What's in a Word?

4.2.3 ERP Indices of Frame-Shifting

4.2.4 Summary

Part two. Conceptual Blending

11.1 Trashcan Basketball

11.2 Blending and Integration Networks

11.2.1 Single Framing Networks

11.2.2 Frame Networks

11.2.3 Blending Processes

11.2.4 Outline

5 Conceptual Blending in Modified Noun Phrases

5.1 Nominal Compounds

5.1.1 Conceptual Blending and Nominal Compounds

5.2 Predicating and Nonpredicating Adjectives

5.2.1 Predication and Noun Modification

5.2.2 Conceptual Blending and Predicating Modifiers

5.3 Privative Adjectives

5.3.1 The Sense Generation Model

5.3.2 Fake Guns

5.3.3 Stone Lions

5.3.4 Land Yachts and Luxury Cars

5.3.5 Summary

5.4 Conclusions

5.4.1 Analyzability and Compositionality

6 Conceptual Blending in Metaphor and Analogy

6.1 Blending in Metaphors

6.1.1 Cross-Domain Mapping in One-Sided Networks

6.1.2 Two-Sided Networks

6.1.3 Digging Deeper

6.1.4 Born on Third Base

6.2 Retrospective Projections

6.2.1 The Menendez Brothers Virus

6.2.2 The Menendez Brothers Virus II

6.2.3 The Right to Life Virus

6.2.4 Heidi Fleiss and Her Counterpart

6.2.5 Summary

6.3 Conclusion

6.3.1 Functions of a Blend

7 Counterfactual Conditionals

7.1 Truth, Acceptability, and Conditionals

7.2 Analogy and Identity

7.3 Frame-Shifting and Scalar Reasoning

7.3.1 Frame-Shifting

7.3.2 Scalar Reasoning

7.4 Counterfactual Selves

7.4.1 Knowledge Blends

75 Conclusions

Part three. Applications: Blending, Farming and Blaming

8 Framing in Moral Discourse

8.1 Cultural Models of Action, Responsibility, and Punishment

8.2 Framing and the Morality of Abortion

8.2.1 Choice, Trauma, and the Rape Exception

8.2.2 Blaming the Victim

8.2.3 From Victims to Criminals and Back

8.2.4 Testimony Against the Rape Exception

8.2.5 Why Punish Me?

8.3 Mere Semantics

9 Frame-Shifting and Scalar Implicature

9.1 Scalar Implicature

9.1.1 Pragmatic Scales and Rhetorical Strategies

9.2 Return to the Rape Exception

9.2.1 Linking Scales

9.2.2 Breaking the Links

9.2.3 Dialogue

9.3 Conclusion

10 The Space Structuring Model

10.1 My Dinner with Rodney

10.2 Turning the Cat on Its Head

10.2.1 Connections

Bibliography

Index