BLACK HOLES AND GALAXYFORMATION

CONTENTS

PREFACE

BIOTIC DYNAMICS OF GALACTIC DISTRIBUTION,GRAVITATIONAL WAVES, AND QUANTUMPROCESSES. A CAUSAL THEORY OFCOSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

Abstract

Introduction

Empirical Studies

Methods

Time Series Analyses of the Temporal Distribution of Galaxiesand Quasars

Transitivity and Partial Autocorrelation as Evidence for Causality

Frequency Analysis and the Spatial Distribution of Galaxiesas a Function of Time

Cosmic Background Radiation

Gravitational Wave Background

Contemporary Planetary Processes: Temperature

The Generation of Bios by Quantum Processes

Atomic Scales

Nuclear Scales

Planck Scales

Discussion

Bios Theory of Cosmological Evolution

Mathematical Model: Biotic Equations

Bios Theory: Lattice, Group and Topology as Primary Processes

What Are the Forms of Action that We See in the Universe?

1. Asymmetric Action

2. Opposition, a Universal Symmetry

3. Tridimensional Materialization

4. Creative Processes

The Physical Generation of Biotic Patterns:The Four Fundamental Forces

Bios Theory May Be Summarized in Physical Terms as the Priority andUniversality of the Forms of Gravitational, Electromagnetic andNuclear Forces Which Together Generate Periodicities, Chaos and Bios

A Gravitational Dialectics?

Electromagnetic Dialectics: From Helices To Bios

Tripolar Dynamics

Bios Theory of Cosmological Evolution

Methodological Considerations

Acknowledgments

References

TURBULENT FORMATION OF PROTOGALAXIES ATTHE END OF THE PLASMA EPOCH:THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS

Abstract

Introduction

Theory

Observations

Conclusion

References

TRACKING ORDER AND CHAOS IN A BINARY QUASARDYNAMICAL MODEL

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. The Dynamical Model

3. The Library of Orbits

A. Time Independent Model

B. Time Dependent Model

4. Conclusion

References

BLACK HOLES AND OTHER EXOTICA AT THE LARGEHADRON COLLIDER

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Supersymmetry at the LHC

3. Black Holes at the LHC

4. String Resonances at the LHC

5. Event Simulations

6. SUSY and BH Event Analysis

7. String and SM Event Analysis

8. String and BH Event Analysis

9. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES, FORMATIONAND EVOLUTION

Abstract

Introduction

Formation of Primordial Black Holes

Mass Spectrum of PBH

Hawking Evaporation of Black Holes

Detection of Primordial Black Holes

Gamma Ray Burst and PBHs

Conclusion

References

ON THE INFORMATION PARADOX IN BLACK HOLES

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. The Failed Tale of the Two Whales

3. Black Holes in the Multiverse

4. Information and Life in the Multiverse

5. Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

GEOMETRICAL AND NUMERICAL ASPECTSOF BLACK HOLE EVOLUTION

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. 3+1 Formalism of General Relativity

2.1. The BSSN Formulation

2.2. Gauge

2.3. The Spherically Symmetric Case

3. The Numerical Implementation of an Initial Value Problem

3.1. Evolution Using Finite Differences

4. Evolution of a Spherically Symmetric Black Hole

4.1. Initial Data

4.2. Diagnostics

4.3. Boundary Conditions

4.4. Results

5. Accretion of a Scalar Field into a Black Hole

5.1. The Scalar Field

5.2. Initial Data

6. Results

7. Final Comments

Acknowledgments

References

QUANTUM LOSS OF CHARGE BY NON-ROTATINGBLACK HOLES WITH COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

Abstract

1. Introduction

1.1. AdS Case

1.2. dS Case

2. Geometrical Backgrounds

2.1. RN-AdS Background

2.2. RN-dS Background

2.3. Nariai Solution

2.4. Ultracold Solutions

2.4.1. Ultracold I

2.4.2. Ultracold II

3. Klein-Gordon Hamiltonian

3.1. RN-AdS and RN-dS Cases

3.2. Nariai Case

3.3. Ultracold Cases

3.3.1. Ultracold I

3.3.2. Ultracold II

4. Level-Crossing

4.1. The Meaning of E±0 (r)

4.2. Level-Crossing in the RN-AdS Case

4.3. Level-Crossing in the RN-dS Case

4.4. Level-Crossing in the Nariai Case

4.5. Level-Crossing in the Ultracold Cases

5. Pair Creation and Discharge

5.1. A Picture for Spontaneous Quantum Discharge

5.2. Remarks on Quantum Field Theory

6. Conclusion

A. Horizon Radius r+ for an RN-AdS Black Hole

References

BLACK HOLES IN HIGHER ORDER CURVATUREGRAVITY

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Numerical Results

3. Minimal Black Hole

3.1. Numerical Investigations

3.2. Analytical Investigations

3.3. Effects of Moduli Fields

4. Black Hole Evaporation Law

4.1. Probability of Transition to the Last Stage

4.2. Approximation to Metric Functions

4.3. Black Hole Evaporation Spectra in EDGB Model

5. Experimental Detection

6. Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter Candidates

7. Black Hole Formation at Colliders

7.1. Generic Remarks

7.2. Schwarzschild-Gauss-Bonnet Black Holes

7.3. Flux Computation

7.4. String Coupling Constant Measurement

8. Discussion and Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

X-RAY EMISSION FROM ACCRETION DISKSOF AGN: SIGNATURES OF SUPERMASSIVEBLACK HOLES

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Active Galactic Nuclei as Hosts of Supermassive Black Holes

2.1. Main characteristics of AGN

2.2. Classification

2.3. Unified Model

3. Space-Time Geometry in Vicinity of Supermassive BlackHoles

3.1. Historical Background

3.2. Schwarzschild Metric - Non-rotating Black Hole

3.3. Kerr Metric - Rotating Black Hole

4. Accretion Disk Around a Supermassive Black Hole

4.1. Accretion Rate and Luminosity of AGN

4.2. Standard Model and Spectral Distribution

4.3. Structure and Emission

5. Supermassive Black Holes and X-ray Emission

5.1. X-ray Continuum of AGN

5.2. Fe K Spectral Line

5.3. Modeling of X-ray Emission Using Ray-tracing in Kerr Metric

5.4. Observational Effects of Strong Gravity in the Vicinity of SupermassiveBlack Holes

6. Variability of X-ray Emission Around a Supermassive BlackHole

6.1. Perturbations of Disk Emissivity

6.2. Absorption byWarm X-ray Absorbers

6.3. Gravitational Microlensing

7. Conclusion

References

POWERFUL JETS FROM ACCRETING BLACKHOLES: EVIDENCE FROM THE OPTICALAND INFRARED

Abstract

1. Introduction

1.1. Powerful Jets from Supermassive Black Holes

1.2. Powerful Jets from Stellar-Mass Black Holes

1.3. Optical and Infrared-Emitting Components of X-ray Binaries

2. OIR Identifications of Jets from Black Hole X-ray Binaries

2.1. The Compact Jet

A synchrotron OIR spectrum:

OIR–X-ray correlation in the hard state:

An optical/infrared flux drop when the radio jet is quenched:

Fast timing signatures:

Polarization signatures:

Baryonic jets:

2.2. Internal Shocks and Impacts with the ISM

2.3. Bow Shocks, Filaments and Trails

3. The Jet Properties as Revealed from OIR Analyses

4. Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

HAWKING RADIATION OF THE ROTATINGD3-BRANE FROM GRAVITATIONAL ANOMALY

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Quantum Fields near the Horizon of the Rotating D3-Brane

3. Gravitational Anomaly and the Energy-Momentum Flux

4. Conclusion

References

SCHWARZSCHILD-LIKE EXTERIORS FOR STARSIN KALUZA-KLEIN GRAVITY

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Static Spherical Vacuum Solutions in Kaluza-Klein Gravity

3. Dimensional Reduction

3.0.1. Dimensional Reduction for n > 0

3.1. Properties of the Effective Spacetimes

4. Physical Interpretation

5. Summary and Concluding Remarks

Appendix A: Buchdahl’s Inequalities in D-dimensions

References

SCALAR POTENTIAL MODEL OF GALAXIES:REVIEW AND NEW SPECULATIONS

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Principles

2.1. Mach’s Principle

2.2. Principle of Negative Feedback

2.3. Principle of Minimum Action

2.4. Action by Contact

2.5. Equivalence Principle

3. Galaxy Scale Data Confrontation Review

3.1. Pioneer Anomaly (PA)

3.1.1. Annual Periodicity

3.1.2. Difference of ap between the Spacecraft

3.1.3. Slow Decline in aP

3.1.4. Saturn Encounter

3.1.5. Large Uncertainty of P11 80/66

3.1.6. Cosmological Connection

3.2. Rotation Curves

3.3. Asymmetric RCs

3.4. Central Velocity Dispersion

3.5. Central Mass

4. SPM Speculations of Galaxy Structure, Formation,and Evolution

5. Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

INDEX