Description
Rockslides and Rock Avalanches of Central Asia: Distribution, Impacts, and Hazard Assessment arms scientists with an inclusive and specialized reference for future studies of large-scale bedrock landslides in Central Asia, a phenomenon that poses a major threat to local communities, infrastructure and industrial facilities. The book covers the Dzungaria, Tien Shan, and Pamir mountain systems that are characterized by arid climates and scarce forestation, and is an ideal reference for scientists searching for data that accurately summarizes bedrock landslides through the analyses of a multitude of case studies that have applications in comparable, global scenarios.
Through its relatively low precipitation and good preservation of minor geomorphic features, particularly those formed by past landslides, this region provides opportunities for detailed study of the internal structure of landslide bodies.
- Summarizes the present-day knowledge of bedrock landslide distribution in the Dzungaria, Tien Shan and Pamir mountains
- Describes case studies illustrating both general characteristics of large bedrock landslides and other specific features, allowing comparative analysis of numerous case studies
- Presents the classification of bedrock landslides and related models based on deposits, morphology and internal structures that can be applied to global locations
Chapter
3.3 Neotectonics and Geomorphology
3.4.1 Instrumental and Historical Records
3.4.2 Paleoseismological Data
3.5 Climate, Glaciation, and Hydrology
4 Principles and Criteria of Landslides Identification and Discrimination From the Features Formed by Other Mass-Wasting Ph...
4.1 General Criteria of Rockslide/Rock Avalanche Identification
4.2 Rock Avalanches Versus Moraines
4.3 Rock Avalanches Versus Rock Glaciers
4.4 The Abnormally Large Fan-Shape Deposits and Their Origin
4.5 Bedrock Landslides in the Contemporary Glaciated Regions
5 Bedrock Landslide Types and Classification Systems
5.1 Bedrock Slope Failure Types
5.2 Rockslide Dams Classification
5.3 Rock Avalanches Classification
5.3.1 Primary Rock Avalanches
5.3.2 Jumping Rock Avalanches
5.3.3 Secondary Rock Avalanches
5.3.3.1 Secondary Rock Avalanches of the Classical Subtype
5.3.3.2 Secondary Rock Avalanches of the Bottleneck Subtype
5.3.4 Some Implications of the Proposed Rock Avalanche Classification
6 The Bedrock Landslides Database
6.2 Headscarp Geology and Parameters
6.3 Overall Parameters of Rockslide Deposits
6.4 Rock Avalanche Parameters
6.5 Rockslide Dams and Dammed Lakes Parameters
8.5 North-Western Tien Shan
9.1 Eastern and Northern Pamir
9.2 Western and South-Western Pamir
9.3 Pianj River Valley and the Afghan Badakhshan
10 Quantitative Relationships of Central Asian Bedrock Landslide Parameters
10.1 Size–Frequency Distribution of Bedrock Landslides
10.2 Area–Volume Relationships
10.3 Parameters Characterizing Rockslide and Rock Avalanche Mobility
10.3.2 Secondary Rock Avalanches’ Mobility
10.3.3 Area Affected: Additional Parameter Characterizing Rockslide Mobility
11 Structure and Grain-Size Composition of Large-Scale Bedrock Landslide Deposits
11.1 Retention of the Rock Mass Macrostructure
11.2 Grain-Size Composition and Minor Landforms of Rockslide Deposits
11.2.1 Blocky Carapace and its Typical Features
11.2.1.1 Grain-Size Composition
11.2.1.2 Carapace Landforms
11.2.2 Comminuted Interior (Fragmented Facies)
11.2.3 Basal Facies and Rockslide Bodies Interaction with the Substrate
11.3 Experimental Simulation of Rockslides’ Internal Structure
12 Morphological and Structural Evidence of Rockslides’ (Rock Avalanches’) Motion Mechanism(s)
12.1 Eyewitness Observations
12.2 Geomorphic Indicators of the Emplacement Mechanism(s)
12.2.1 Indicators of the Extremely High Velocity of Debris Motion
12.2.2 Indicators of Rockslide Debris Mechanical Properties Alteration During its Motion
12.2.3 Indicators of the Momentum Transfer During Rockslide Emplacement
12.2.4 Shape of the Unconfined Rock Avalanche Bodies as Indicator of the Rock Avalanche Base Shear Strength
12.2.5 Debris Apron Outside Headscarp Sidewalls—Indicator of Buckling
12.2.6 Molards as Indicators of Rockslide Motion Mechanism(s)
12.3 Sedimentological and Structural Indicators of Rockslide Motion Mechanism(s)
12.3.1 Host Rock Mass Structure Preservation—Indication of the Laminar Granular Flow
12.3.2 Grain-Size Composition and Fragmentation Energy
12.3.3 Some Examples of Rockslide Deposits With Abnormal Internal Structure
13 Seismically Induced Rockslides: Their Discrimination
13.1 The Historical Earthquake-Induced Rockslides of the Central Asian Region
13.2 Justification of Seismic Triggering of the Prehistoric Rockslides
13.2.1 Spatial and Temporal Coincidence of Rockslides With Active Faults
13.2.2 Position of the Rockslide Source Zone
13.2.3 Rockslides and Seismically Induced Liquefaction
13.2.4 Geological Evidence of Rockslides Simultaneous Formation
13.2.5 Specific Features of the Source Zones of Some Seismically Triggered Rockslides
13.2.6 Substantiation of Seismic Triggering of the Kokomeren Rockslide
14 Rockslide Dams—Origin, Evolution, and Failure
14.1 Formation of Rockslide-Dammed Lakes
14.2 Evolution of Rockslide-Dammed Lakes
14.2.1 Influence of Dam's Internal Structure and Grain-Size Composition on Their Evolution
14.2.2 Morphometric Parameters Determining Rockslide Dams' Evolution
14.2.3 Cascades of Dammed Lakes
14.3 Breached Lakes and Evidence of the Past Catastrophic Outburst Floods
14.4 Role of Rockslide Damming in River Valleys' Evolution
15 Evidence of Slope Instabilities—Potential of Future Large-Scale Slope Failures
Rockslides and Rock Avalanches of Central Asia
：Distribution, Morphology, and Internal Structure
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