Indice

Preface

Acknowledgments

Gruppo fotografico dei partecipanti al Corso

Intellectual challenges at radioactive beam facilities

1. Introduction

2. Dynamic symmetries and supersymmetries

3. Shape phase transitions

4. Critical symmetries

5. Conclusions

Superheavy and giant nuclear systems

Dedication

1. Introduction

2. Nuclear shells

3. A diabatic dynamics of heavy nuclear system

4. Deep inelastic scattering of heavy nuclei

5. Low-energy collisions of transactinide nuclei

6. Conclusion

Phenomenological nuclear spectroscopy (a personal recollection)

Introduction: Nuclear spectroscopy: an old story

1. The γ-scintillation era

2. Nuclear spectroscopy with direct reactions

3. Selection of nuclear states. In beam γ-ray spectroscopy. The advent of heavy-ion nuclear reactions

4. The evolution of the nuclear-structure problem. The case of 1f[sub(7/2)] spectroscopy

4.1. The revival of 1f[sub(7/2)] spectroscopy

5. Conclusions

Experimental program with rare-isotope beams at FAIR

1. Overview

2. The radioactive beam facility

3. Experiments with slowed-down and stopped beams

3.1. The low-energy branch

3.2. High-resolution in-flight spectroscopy (HISPEC)

3.3. Decay spectroscopy (DESPEC)

3.4. The advanced trapping system MATS

3.5. The Laser-spectroscopy experiment LASPEC

4. Scattering experiments with high-energy rare-ion beams

4.1. Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams (R[sup(3)]B)

4.2. Collective multipole response of proton-neutron asymmetric nuclei

5. Experiments with stored and cooled beams

5.1. Isomeric Beams, Lifetimes, and Masses (ILIMA)

5.2. Reactions at internal targets in the NESR (EXL)

5.3. Electron scattering with short-lived nuclei (ELISe)

5.4. The Antiproton-Ion-Collider AIC

6. Conclusion

SPIRAL2 at GANIL: A world leading ISOL facility for the next decade

1. Introduction

2. Description of the project

3. Performances of the SPIRAL2 facility

3.1. Intense stable beams from LINAG

3.2. The radioactive ion production system

4. Selected examples of the scientific opportunities at SPIRAL2

5. Construction of the facility and International Collaborations

6. Conclusion

The ISOLDE facility and HIE-ISOLDE

1. Introduction

2. Production of radioactive beams

2.1. REX-ISOLDE

3. Physics with low-energy beams

3.1. Nuclear masses

3.2. Nuclear moments

3.3. Beta decay

3.4. Nuclear astrophysics

4. Physics with accelerated beams

4.1. Miniball experiments

4.2. Transfer experiments

5. The HIE-ISOLDE project

RIKEN RI Beam Factory and its research opportunities

1. Nuclei far from the stability

2. Fast RI beam and new experimental methods

3. RI Beam Factory

3.1. Overview

3.2. Status of RIBF

3.3. New experimental installations

4. Conclusions

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of light nuclei

1. Introduction

2. Hamiltonians

2.1. Argonne υ[sub(ij)]

2.2. Illinois V[sub(ijk)]

2.3. What makes nuclear structure?

3. Quantum Monte Carlo methods

4. Variational Monte Carlo

4.1. The one-body part of Ψ[sub(T)], Φ

4.2. Representing Ψ[sub(T)] in the computer

4.3. A variational Monte Carlo calculation

4.4. Accuracy of VMC energies

5. Green's function Monte Carlo—General description

5.1. The short-time propagator

5.2. Problems with nuclear GFMC

5.3. A simplified GFMC calculation

5.4. Examples of GFMC propagation

6. Results for energies of nuclear states

6.1. Ordering of states in [sup(10)]Be and [sup(10)]B

6.2. Charge dependence and isospin mixing

6.3. Can modern nuclear Hamiltonians tolerate a bound tetraneutron?

7. GFMC for scattering states

8. Coordinate- and momentum-space densities

8.1. RMS radii and one-body densities of helium isotopes

8.2. Is an alpha-particle in a sea of neutrons still an alpha-particle?

8.3. Two-nucleon knockout—(e, e'pN)

9. Conclusions

Ab initio no-core shell model calculations for light nuclei

1. Introduction

2. Ab initio no-core shell model

2.1. Hamiltonian

2.2. Basis

2.3. Effective interaction

2.4. Convergence tests

3. Light nuclei from chiral EFT interactions

4. Cluster overlap functions and S-factors of capture reactions

4.1. [sup(7)]Be(p, γ)[sup(8)]B

4.2. [sup(3)]He(α, γ)[sup(7)]Be

4.3. [sup(3)]H(α, γ)[sup(7)]Li

5. Towards the ab initio NCSM with continuum

6. Conclusions

Fermionic Molecular-Dynamics — clusters, halos, skins and S-factors

1. Introduction

2. The nuclear many-body problem

2.1. Degrees of freedom

2.2. The nucleon-nucleon potential

3. The Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM)

3.1. Cluster expansion

3.2. Radial correlator

3.3. Tensor correlator

3.4. The effective interaction V[sub(UCOM)]

3.5. Effective operators

4. Fermionic Molecular Dynamics (FMD)

4.1. FMD many-body states

4.2. Center-of-mass projection

4.3. Angular-momentum projection

4.4. K-mixing

4.5. Many-body Hilbert space

4.6. Ritz variational principle

4.7. Generator Coordinate Method (GCM)

4.8. FMD Hamiltonian

5. Cluster structure

5.1. Be isotopes

5.2. Unnatural parity ground state in [sup(11)]Be

5.3. [sup(12)]C

6. Halos

6.1. He isotopes

7. S-factor and neutron skins

Tests of clustering in light nuclei and applications to nuclear astrophysics

1. Introduction

2. Evidence of clustering

2.1. The [sup(12)]C+[sup(12)]C scattering resonances

3. Resonant particle spectroscopy and angular correlation analysis

3.1. Angular correlation: general method

4. α-chains in light nuclei

4.1. [sup(8)]Be

4.2. [sup(12)]C

4.3. Nuclear dimers and polymers

5. Quasi-free processes to probe clustering in light nuclei

6. Nuclear clusters as virtual projectiles/targets for nuclear astrophysics: the Trojan Horse Method

6.1. p – p scattering via the THM

7. Conclusions

Borromean halo nuclei: Continuum structures and reactions

1. Borromean physics—Dreams and realization

2. Emergent degrees of freedom—Few-body modelling

2.1. Spatial continuum correlations

2.2. Energy correlations

3. Physics of the Borromean continuum; correlations of break-up fragments

4. Many-body ab initio approaches

4.1. Historical perspective on the Berggren expansion

4.2. Modern ab initio approaches

4.3. Elements of Coupled Cluster theory

4.4. Coupled Cluster approach to open quantum systems

5. Future of many-body open quantum systems

Shell structure of exotic nuclei

1. Basics of shell model

1.1. What is the shell model?

1.2. Why is the shell model useful?

1.3. Some remarks on shell model calculations

1.4. How do we perform shell model calculations?

2. Construction of an effective interaction and an example in the pf shell

3. The N = 2 problem: does the gap change?

4. Summary

Shell-model calculations with low-momentum realistic interactions

1. Introduction

2. High-quality nucleon-nucleon potentials

3. The shell-model effective interaction

4. The low-momentum nucleon-nucleon potential V[sub(low-k)]

5. Exotic nuclei beyond [sup(132)]Sn: comparison with available results and predictions

6. Concluding remarks

Studying nuclear structure by means of Coulomb energy differences

1. Introduction

2. The mirror pair [sup(50)]Fe-[sup(50)]Cr and the nucleon alignment

3. The mirror pair [sup(48)]Mn-[sup(48)]V and the Monopole Coulomb radial term

4. The mirror pair [sup(54)]Ni-[sup(54)]Fe and the ISB term

5. The mirror pair [sup(39)]Ca-[sup(39)]K and the electromagnetic spin-orbit term

6. Conclusions

Selected topics in nuclear astrophysics

1. Introduction

2. Astrophysical nuclear reaction rates

3. Hydrostatic burning stages

3.1. Hydrogen burning

3.2. Solar neutrinos

3.3. Helium burning

3.4. Carbon, neon, oxygen, silicon burning

4. Core collapse supernovae

4.1. Electron captures in core-collapse supernovae—the general picture

4.2. Weak-interaction rates and presupernova evolution

4.3. The role of electron capture during collapse

5. Making heavy elements in explosive nucleosynthesis

5.1. The νp process

5.2. The r-process

The interacting boson model for exotic nuclei

1. Introduction

2. Symmetry in quantum mechanics

2.1. Symmetry

2.2. Degeneracy and state labelling

2.3. Dynamical symmetry breaking

3. Dynamical symmetries in quantal many-body systems

3.1. Many-particle states in second quantization

3.2. Particle-number conserving spectrum generating algebras

3.3. Particle-number non-conserving dynamical algebras

4. The interacting boson model

4.1. Hamiltonian

4.2. Dynamical symmetries

4.3. Partial dynamical symmetries

4.4. Microscopy

4.5. The classical limit

5. Triaxiality in the interacting boson model

5.1. A specific two-body Hamiltonian

5.2. A specific three-body Hamiltonian

5.3. Numerical procedure

5.4. Results for the neutron-rich ruthenium isotopes

6. Global calculations for spectra and binding energies

The Interacting Boson Approximation model

1. Introduction

2. Foundations of the IBA

3. The IBA Hamiltonian and group theoretical concepts

4. Discussion of the IBA and its predictions

4.1. U(5)

4.2. SU(3)

4.3. O(6)

5. More general properties of the IBA: Calculations throughout the triangle

Symmetry and supersymmetry in nuclear physics

1. Introduction

2. Fermion pairing

2.1. Quasi-spin algebra

2.2. Gaudin algebra

2.3. Exact solution for degenerate spectra

2.4. Exact solutions with two shells

2.5. Solutions of Bethe ansatz equations

3. Supersymmetric quantum mechanics in nuclear physics

3.1. Application of supersymmetric quantum mechanics to pseudo-orbital angular momentum and pseudo-spin

3.2. Supersymmetric quantum mechanics and pairing in nuclei

4. Dynamical supersymmetries in nuclear physics

5. Application of symmetry techniques to subbarrier fusion

6. Application of algebraic techniques in nuclear astrophysics

7. Conclusions

Dynamical symmetries and regular vs. chaotic quantum motion in realistic models of nuclear structure

1. Introduction

2. Algebraic features of the IBM-2

3. Statistical analysis of regular and chaotic behavior of nuclear spectra

3.1. Phenomenological descriptions of the nuclear level densities

3.2. IBM collective enhancement factors for level densities

4. Results and discussion

5. Conclusions

Weak interaction in nuclei

1. Introduction

2. Parity violation in weak interactions

3. Neutrino oscillations and the problem of the neutrino mass

4. Direct and indirect ways to determine the neutrino mass

4.1. Single beta decay

4.2. Measurements on the Cosmic Ray Background

4.3. Double beta decay

5. Conclusions

Experimental results on the GDR at finite temperature and in exotic nuclei

1. Introduction

2. The width of the GDR at finite temperature

3. Excitation of the dynamical dipole in heavy-ion fusion reactions

4. Search for the pygmy resonance in [sup(68)]Ni

5. Conclusion

Microscopic study of multiphonon excitations in nuclei

1. Introduction

2. Collective modes in Tamm-Dancoff and random phase approximations

3. A well-established multiphonon approach: The quasi-particle–phonon model

4. A new multiphonon approach: An equation-of-motion phonon method

4.1. Equations of motion

4.2. Overcompleteness of the basis and removal of the redundancy

4.3. Solution of the full eigenvalue problem

5. A numerical implementation of the method

5.1. Energy levels and transition probabilities

6. Conclusions

E0 decay of the first excited 0[sup(+)] state in [sup(156)]Dy

1. E0 transitions in nuclei

2. Experimental procedures

3. Results

4. Conclusion

Proton-neutron interactions, collectivity and DFT calculations

1. Introduction

2. Methods and results

3. Interpretation

Detection of fast neutrons and digital pulse-shape discrimination between neutrons and γ-rays

1. Introduction

2. Neutron detection

3. Cross talk

4. Discrimination between γ-rays and neutrons

5. Digital pulse-shape discrimination

6. Conclusion and outlook

Elenco dei partecipanti