Chapter
Section 1: Microfluidics for cell monolayers/spheroids
Chapter 1: Tubular microscaffolds for studying collective cell migration
2. Microfabrication of Microtubular Architectures for Epithelial Collective Migration Study
2.3.1. Fabrication of PDMS microtube
2.3.2. Fabrication of UV-curable polymeric microtube
2.3.3. Preparation of elastomeric circular microchannels
3. Functionalization of the Tubular Microscaffolds With Extracellular Matrix Protein and Cell Seeding
3.3.1. Functionalization of elastomeric microtubes and seeding cells procedure
3.3.2. Functionalization of elastomeric circular microchannels and seeding cells procedure
4. 3D Imaging and Image Analysis
4.3.1. Immunostaining of epithelia in microtubes
4.3.2. 3D Imaging of epithelia in microtubes
5. Discussion and Perspectives
Chapter 2: Endothelial cell monolayer-based microfluidic systems mimicking complex in vivo microenvironments for the stu
2. Assembly and Characterization of a Parallel-Plate Flow Chamber
2.3.1. Fabrication of a mechanically assembled parallel-plate flow chamber
2.3.2. EC culture on glass coverslips
2.3.3. Observation of leukocyte adhesion cascades using a parallel-plate flow chamber
2.3.4. Estimation of flow characteristics in a parallel-plate flow chamber
3. Alignment of Endothelial Monolayers Using Nanogrooved Surfaces
4. Fabrication of Stenotic Structures and Characterization of Complex Flow Patterns in Post-stenotic Regions
4.3.1. Fabrication of a stenotic structure
4.3.2. Fluidic circuit assembly and flow experiment
5. Extension to 3D Blood Vessel/Inflamed Tissue Structures
5.3.1. EC culture on porous membranes
5.3.2. 3D collagen gelation
5.3.3. Parallel-plate flow chamber assembly and flow experiment
Chapter 3: Constrained spheroids/organoids in perfusion culture
2. Tethered Spheroids/Organoids
2.1. Materials and Reagents
2.2. Sticky and Soft Substrate Surfaces
2.3. Electrospun Nanofiber-Coated Surface
2.4. Forming and Culturing Tethered Spheroids
2.5. Characterizing Tethered Spheroids
2.6. Potential Pitfalls and Solutions
3. Physically-Constrained Spheroids/Organoids
3.1. Materials and Reagents
3.2. Track-Etched Porous Membrane
3.3. Microfabricated Porous Ultrathin Membranes
3.3.1. Conjugation of PEG and galactose (AHG) to the glass coverslips
3.3.2. Fabrication of porous ultrathin Parylene C membrane
3.4. Macroporous Soft Sponges
3.5. Forming and Culturing Physically-Constrained Spheroids
3.6. Characterizing Physically-Constrained Spheroids
3.7. Potential Pitfalls and Solutions
4. Perfusion Culture in Microfluidic Channels
4.1. Materials and Reagents
4.2. Micropillars as Spheroid Trap
4.4. Forming and Culturing Spheroids in Microfluidic Channels
4.5. Characterizing Spheroids in Microfluidics Channels
4.6. Potential Pitfalls and Solutions
Section 2: Organs on chips
Chapter 4: Generation of functional cardiac microtissues in a beating heart-on-a-chip
2. Materials and Equipment
3.1. Master Mold Fabrication
3.2. Beating Heart-on-a-Chip Device Fabrication
3.3. iPS-CM Seeding and Mechanical Stimulation
3.4. Cardiac Microtissue Analysis and Readout
Chapter 5: Kidney on chips
1. Basic Functions of the Kidney
1.1. Basic Renal Function and Structure
1.1.1. Excretion of waste products and foreign substances
1.1.2. Regulation of water and electrolytes
1.1.3. Production of hormones
1.1.4. Organ crosstalk: Kidney and other organs
2. Kidney Tubule-on-a-Chip
2.1. Fluid Shear Stress in Kidney-on-a-Chip
2.2. Development of Kidney Tubule-on-a-Chip
2.3. Drug Nephrotoxicity Using Kidney Tubule-on-a-Chip
2.4. Disease Modeling Using Kidney Tubule-on-a-Chip
2.5. Examples of Tubule-on-a-Chip for Nephrotoxicity
2.5.1. Device fabrication
2.5.2. Application of human pharmacokinetic profiles
3.1. Development of Glomerulus-on-a-Chip
3.3.1. Hypertensive nephropathy
3.3.2. Diabetic nephropathy
4. Kidney Chamber in Multi-organs-on-a-Chip
4.1. Kidney in Multi-organs-on-a-Chips
4.2. Drug Pharmacokinetics
4.3. Organ Interaction and Disease Modeling
Chapter 6: Liver sinusoid on a chip
1. Introduction of Cell-Cell Interactions in Liver Sinusoidal Microenvironments
1.1. Architecture and Cell Composition of the Liver Sinusoids
1.2. Cellular Interactions in the Liver Sinusoids During Fibrosis and Inflammation
1.3. Sinusoidal Mechanical Microenvironments
1.4. In Vitro Models of the Liver Sinusoids
2. Construction of the Liver Sinusoid Chip
2.1. Microfluidic Device Fabrication
2.2. Primary Hepatic Cell Isolation
2.3. Identification of Isolated Hepatic Cells
2.4. Chip Assembling and Characterization
3. Mechanical Microenvironment Analysis
3.1. Fluidic Dynamic Model
3.2. Fluid Field Visualization
4. Liver-Specific Functions of the Sinusoidal Chip
5. Hepatic Immune Response
5.1. Neutrophil Isolation
5.2. Neutrophil Recruitment in Chip
6. Conclusive Remarks and Future Perspectives
Chapter 7: Pathomimetic modeling of human intestinal diseases and underlying host-gut microbiome interactions in a gut-on-a-..
2. Microfabrication of a Gut-on-a-Chip Device
3. Recreation of Intestinal Microenvironment and Physiology
4. Recapitulation of Host-Gut Microbiome Intercellular Interactions
5. Pathomimetic Modeling I: Intestinal Inflammation
6. Pathomimetic Modeling II: Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Chapter 8: 3D in vitro microvascular model-based lymphoma model
2. Materials and Equipment
3.1. Fabrication of DLBCL-on-Chip Model
3.2. Endothelialization of DLBCL-on-Chip Model
3.4. Tumor Cell Generation
Chapter 9: Blood-brain barrier on a chip
2.1. Cellular Makeup of the BBB
2.3. Pericytes and Smooth Muscle Cells
5. Considerations for Modeling the BBB on a Chip
5.2. Transendothelial Electrical Resistance Values
5.3. Barrier Permeability
5.4. Cellular Functionality
5.5. Material Biocompatibility
5.6. Cellular Adhesion and Cell Growth
Chapter 10: Pharmacokinetic-based multi-organ chip for recapitulating organ interactions
2. Materials and Equipment
2.2. Cell Seeding and Culture on Chip
2.3. Evaluation of Cell Viability
2.4. Evaluation of Metabolites
2.5. Construction of PK Model
3.2. Cell Seeding and Culture on Chip
3.3. Evaluation of Cell Viability
3.4. Evaluation of Metabolites
3.5. Construction of PK Model
4. Exemplary MATLAB Code for Liver-Tumor-Blood Chip
Chapter 11: Studying TCR T cell anti-tumor activity in a microfluidic intrahepatic tumor model
1. Introduction to Microfluidic Technology
1.1. Main Advantages of Microfluidics
1.2. Main Limitations of Microfluidics
1.3. Microfluidic Models for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy
2. Materials and Equipment
2.1. Device Fabrication and Surface Coating
2.2. Cell Culture and Cell Handling
2.4. Cell Labeling, Confocal Imaging and Data Analysis
3.2. Surface Coating of the Microchannels With PDL
3.3. Transduced TCR T Cells
3.4. Electroporated TCR T Cells
3.6. Cancer Cell Culture and Cancer Aggregate Formation
3.7. Generation of a Tumor Microenvironment in a Microfluidic Device
3.8. Assessing TCR T Cells Anti-tumor Activity by Cell Staining, Confocal Imaging and Image Analysis
Section 3: Microfluidics for model organisms
Chapter 12: Microfluidics for mechanobiology of model organisms
3. Multicellular Model Organisms
3.1. Caenorhabditis elegans
3.2. Drosophila melanogaster
4. Design Considerations for Microfluidics
5. Microfluidics for Mechanobiology of Model Organisms
5.1. Caenorhabditis elegans
5.1.1. Current state of the field
5.1.2. Research opportunities
5.2. Drosophila melanogaster
5.2.1. Current state of the field
5.2.2. Research opportunities
5.3.1. Current state of the field
5.3.2. Research opportunities
Microfluidics in Cell BiologyPart A: Microfluidics for multicellular systems
( Volume 146 )
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