Economics of Sustainable Energy

Author: Jaan S. Islam   M. R. Islam   Meltem Islam   M. A. H. Mughal  

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc‎

Publication year: 2018

E-ISBN: 9781119525967

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781119525929

Subject: TK Energy and Power Engineering

Language: ENG

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Chapter

2 Delinearized History of Economics and Energy

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The European Tract of Economics History

2.3 Transition of Money

2.4 The Nature Science Tract of Economics History

2.5 Connection to Energy

3 The Incompatibility of Conventional Economic Analysis Tools with Sustainability Models

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Current Economic State of the World

3.2.1 Economic Extremism

3.2.2 Paradoxical Economy in the Era of Artificial

3.3 The Status of the Money God

3.4 The Current Economic Models

3.4.1 Conflation Between External Beauty and Truth

3.4.2 Misplaced ‘Faith’ in Aphenomenal Theories

3.4.3 The Antithesis of Prophecy of the Doom

3.5 The Illogicality of Current Theories

3.6 The Delinearized History of Modern Economics

3.6.1 The Source of the Economics Track

3.6.2 Most Influential Economists of Modern Era

3.6.2.1 Adam Smith (1723–1790)

3.6.2.2 Karl Marx (1818–1883)

3.6.2.3 John Maynard Keynes 1883–1946

3.6.2.4 Alfred Marshall 1842–1924 (by Pareto, Jevons, Bentham)

3.6.2.5 Milton Friedman 1912–2006 (influenced by Alfred Marshal)

3.6.2.6 Jan Tinbergen 1903–1994

3.6.2.7 John Forbes Nash, Jr. 1928–Present

3.6.2.8 Muhammad Yunus 1940–Present

3.6.2.9 Warren Buffett 1930–Present

3.6.2.10 Joseph Stiglitz (influenced by Keynes)

3.6.2.11 Paul Robin Krugman (influenced by Keynes, Stiglitz)

3.6.3 The Role of Government

3.7 The Transition of Robotization

3.7.1 The Cause of the Great Depression: Inequality and Deregulation

3.8 Yellow Gold vs. Black Gold

3.9 How Science and Economics Mimic the Same Aphenomenality

3.9.1 Sources of Unsustainability

Notes

4 State-of-the Art of Current Technology Development

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Denaturing for a Profit

4.3 Aphenomenal Theories of the Modern Era

4.3.1 Conservation of Mass and Energy

4.3.2 Other Theories and ‘Laws’

4.3.3 The Consequences

4.4 The Sugar Culture and Beyond

4.5 The Culture of the Artificial Sweetener

4.6 Delinearized History of Saccharin® and the Money Trail

4.7 The Culture of Aspartame

4.7.1 Delinearized History of Aspartame

4.7.2 Timeline

4.7.3.1 Phenylalanine

4.7.3.2 Aspartic Acid

4.7.3.3 Methanol

4.7.3.4 DKP

4.8 The Honey-Sugar-Saccharin-Aspartame Degradation in Everything

4.9 Assessing the Overall Performance of a Process

4.9.1 The Process of Standardization

4.9.2 Natural Ranking Process

4.9.3 A New Approach to Economic Analysis

5 Comprehensive Analysis of Energy Sustainability

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Sustainability in the Information Age and Environmental Insult

5.2.1 Agriculture and Development

5.2.2 Desertification

5.2.3 Ecosystem Change

5.2.4 Fisheries

5.2.5 Deforestation

5.2.6 Marine Litter

5.2.7 Water Resources

5.2.8 Petroleum Resources

5.3 Climate Change Hysteria

5.4 The Energy Crisis

5.4.1 Are Natural Resources Finite and Human Needs Infinite?

5.4.2 The Peak Oil Theory and its Connections to Population and Lifestyle

5.4.3 Evidence in Favor of the Peak Oil Theory

5.4.4 Historical Background: Foundations of Peak Oil Theory

5.4.5 Deconstruction of Peak Oil Theory

5.4.5.1 Background of the Petroleum Industry

5.4.5.2 Equity Shoulders Debt

5.4.6 The Finite/ Infinite Conundrum

5.4.6.1 Renewable vs Non-Renewable: No Boundary-As-Such

5.5 Petroleum in the Big Picture

5.5.1 Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources

5.5.2 Gas Hydrates

5.6 Science of Healthy Energy and Mass

5.6.1 Role of Water, Air, Clay and Fire in Scientific Characterization

6 The Islamic Track of Economical Analysis

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Function of Gold Dinars and a New Paradigm for Economic Analyses

6.2.1 The Standard Weight of the Islamic Gold Dinar

6.2.2 Inscriptions on the Islamic Gold Dinar

6.3 Labor Theory of Value

6.3.1 Competing Interests of Employer and Employee

6.3.2 Demand, Supply, Price and Profit

6.3.2.1 Demand

6.3.2.2 Supply Theory

6.3.2.3 Profit

6.3.2.4 Price

6.4 Zero Waste Economy

6.5 Role of Government in State’s Economy

6.6 Macroeconomy and Theory on Money

6.6.1 Zero-Interest Economy

6.6.2 Explanations and Theories

6.7 The Optimum Lifestyle

6.7.1 Static and Dynamic Intention

6.7.2 Role of Intention in Natural Economy

6.8 The Gold Standard for Sustainable Economy

7 Framework of Economics of Sustainable Energy

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Delinearized History of Modern Age

7.2.1 The Honey-Sugar-Saccharin-Aspartame Degradation in Everything

7.2.2 What is the Most Insidious Disinformation?

7.2.2.1 Global Energy ‘Crunch’: The Disinformation Campaign

7.2.3 HSS®A® Pathway in Economic Investment Projects

7.3 Petroleum Refining and Conventional Catalysts

7.3.1 Catalytic Cracking

7.3.2 Isomerisation

7.3.3 Reforming

7.4 The New Synthesis

7.5 The New Investment Model, Conforming to the Information Age

7.5.1 Ignorance-Based Energy Pricing

7.5.2 Turning Ignorance-Based into Knowledge-Based

7.5.3 What is So Special about Canadian Energy Pricing

7.5.4 What is Really the Driver of the Energy Pricing?

7.5.5 Corruption is Happiness? The Two Extrema.

7.5.5.1 Civilization for Whom?

7.5.5.2 Root of the Technological Disaster

7.5.5.3 How Does the Top-Down Model Invade ‘Civilization’?

7.5.5.4 Other “Problems” Said to “Plague” Third World Countries

8 Economics of Sustainable Energy Operations

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Issues in Petroleum Operations

8.2.1 Pathway Analysis of Crude and Refined Oil and Gas

8.2.1.1 Pathways of Crude Oil Formation

8.2.1.2 Pathways of Oil Refining

8.2.1.3 Pathways of Gas Processing

8.3 Critical Evaluation of Current Petroleum Practices

8.3.1 Management

8.3.2 Current Practices in Exploration, Drilling and Production

8.3.3 Challenges in Waste Management

8.3.4 Problems in Transportation Operations

8.4 Greening of Petroleum Operations

8.4.1 Effective Separation of Solid from Liquid

8.4.2 Effective Separation of Liquid from Liquid

8.4.3 Effective Separation of Gas from Gas

8.4.4 Natural Substitutes for Gas Processing Chemicals (Glycol and Amines)

8.4.5 Membranes and Absorbents

8.4.6 A Novel Desalination Technique

8.4.7 A Novel Refining Technique

8.4.8 Use of Solid Acid Catalyst for Alkylation

8.4.9 Use of Bacteria to Breakdown Heavier Hydrocarbons to Lighter Ones

8.4.10 Use of Cleaner Crude Oil

8.4.11 Use of Gravity Separation Systems

8.5 Zero-Waste Operations

8.5.1 Zero Emissions (Air, Soil, Water, Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste)

8.5.2 Zero Waste of Resources (Energy, Material, and Human)

8.5.3 Zero Waste in Administration Activities

8.5.4 Zero Use of Toxics (Processes and Products)

8.5.5 Zero Waste in Product Life Cycle (Transportation, Use, and End-of-Life)

8.6 Characteristic Time

8.6.1 Organic and Mechanical Frequencies

8.7 Quality of Energy

8.7.1 Natural Energy vs. Artificial Energy

8.7.2 From Natural Energy to Natural Mass

8.7.3 Scientific Ranking of Petroleum

8.7.4 The Petroleum Energy Picture

8.7.5 Reserve Growth Potential

9 Role of Government in Assuring Energy Sustainability

9.1 Introduction

9.2 The U.S. Government

9.3 The Wealth Paradigm

9.3.1 Population and Gold

9.3.1.1 The Post-Colonial War Model and Hierarchy Under Fiat Currencies

9.4 Zero Interest

9.5 Zero-Waste Economics

9.5.1 Global Economics

9.5.1.1 Environmental and Ecological Impact

9.5.1.2 Quality of Energy

9.5.1.3 Evaluation of Process

10 Summary and Conclusions

10.1 Summary

10.1.1 Methodology & Life Cycle of Moving in HSSAN Model

10.2 Answers to the Research Questions

10.2.1 What is the Natural State of Economy?

10.2.2 What is the Current State of Economy?

10.2.3 What are the Reasons Behind the Current State of Economy?

10.2.4 What is the Current State of Technology Development?

10.2.5 What is the Current Status of Energy Management?

10.2.6 Are Natural Resources Finite and Human Needs Infinite?

10.2.7 How Would a Model Economic System Look Like?

10.2.8 Is Sustainable Petroleum Technology Possible?

10.2.9 What Role the Government Should Play

11 References and Bibliography

Index

EULA

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