Cover

Dedication

Preface

Table of Contents

Abbreviations

Introduction

Chapter One: Ritual Theory

1.1. Problems with Ritual

1.2. What is Ritual?

1.2.1. Why is it Both Useful and Undefinable?

1.2.2. Features of Ritual Signs

1.2.3. The Effects of Performing Ritual

1.3. Analyzing Ritual

1.3.1. Catherine Bell and Ritualization

1.3.2. Klawans and the Symbolic Approach

1.3.3. Gilders and the Indexical Approach

1.3.4. Modéus and Causa

1.3.5. Gane and Systems Theory

1.4. The Cumulative Approach

1.4.1. How the Theories Address Multiple Levels of Meaning

Chapter Two: The Divine Presence

2.1. The Difficulty of Describing the Divine Presence

2.2. Linguistic Context

2.3. The Varying Intensity of Glory

2.4. The Divine Form Beyond the Glory

2.5. The Glory and the Fire

2.6. The Glory and the Cloud

2.7. Priestly Assimilation of Theophanic Elements

2.8. Synthesis

Chapter Three: The Dedication and Inauguration of the Tabernacle and its Cult

3.1. Temple Dedication in 1 Kings 8 and the Ancient Near East

3.2. The Dedication of the Tabernacle in P

3.3. Tabernacle Dedication and Priestly Installation

3.3.1. Structure

3.3.2. Use

3.3.3. Ideology

3.3.3.1. Ideology of the Individual Elements

a) Washing

b) Consecration

Consecration in Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8

c) Clearing

Clearing in Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8

d) Pleasing Gift

e) Important Uninterpreted Acts

3.3.3.2. The Cumulative Effect

3.3.3.3. The Ideology of the Tabernacle Inauguration

3.4. Ritual Sequence and Function in Exodus 29, 40, and Lev 8–9

Chapter Four: Regular Divine Service

4.1. Ancient Near Eastern Background

4.2. How Do the Israelites Maintain YHWH's Precarious Presence?

4.3. The Individual Elements

4.3.1. The Bread of Presence

4.3.1.1. Structure

4.3.1.2. Use

4.3.1.3 Ideology

4.3.2. Light

4.3.2.1. Structure

4.3.2.2. Use

4.3.2.3. Ideology

4.3.3. Incense

4.3.3.1. Structure

4.3.3.2. Use

4.3.3.3. Ideology

a) Incense in the ANE

b) Incense in the Tabernacle

4.3.4. Burnt, Grain, and Drink Offerings

4.3.4.1. Structure

4.3.4.2. Use

4.3.4.3. Ideology

4.4. What is YHWH’s Relationship to His Food?

4.5. Access for Divine Service

4.6. Synthesis

Chapter Five: Damage Control in the Ancient Near East

5.1. The State of Scholarship on ANE Damage Control

5.2. The Gods’ Relationship to Creation and its Inhabitants

5.3. Damage Control in the ANE

5.3.1. Nature and Source of Evils

5.3.2. Removal Rites

5.3.2.1. Temple Removal Rites

5.3.2.2. Individual and Community Removal Rites

5.3.3. Synthesis

Chapter Six: Damage Control in the Priestly Texts

6.1. YHWH’s Relationship to the World and His People in P

6.2. Individual and Communal Removal Rites (Leviticus 4–5 and 12–15)

6.2.1. Structure

6.2.1.1. Offerings for Sin (Leviticus 4–5)

6.2.1.2. Remedies for Impurity (Leviticus 12–15)

6.2.2. Use

6.2.2.1. Offerings for Sin

6.2.2.2. Remedies for Impurity

6.2.3. Ideology

6.2.3.1. Offerings for Sins

a) The Nature and Function of חﭏטח and םшﭏ Offerings for Sin in Leviticus 4–5

6.2.3.2. Remedies for Impurity

a) The Nature and Function of the Rituals for Removing Impurity

6.2.4. Synthesis of Leviticus 4–5 and 12–15

6.3. Clearing Day

6.3.1. Structure

6.3.2. Use

6.3.3. Ideology

6.3.3.1. Pollutants Removed

6.3.3.2. The Clearing Process

6.3.3.3. The Loose Ends

Chapter Seven: Damage Control: Evaluation

7.1. The Rhetorical Trajectory of Leviticus 1–16

7.2. The Implications of Priestly Damage Control

7.2.1. Excursus: The Possibility of System Failure in H and Ezekiel

7.3. Key Priestly Concepts

7.3.1. Sins and Impurities

7.3.1.1. How Do Contaminants Pollute the Sanctuary?

7.3.2.

7.3.3.

7.3.3.1. Why Choose a Multivalent Term?

7.3.3.2. The Consequences of Priestly Language

7.4. A Comparison of Priestly and ANE Damage Control Systems

7.4.1. Sanctuary Rites

7.4.2. Individual and Communal Rites

7.4.3. Why Does the Priestly System Allow Pollution in the Divine Sphere?

Conclusion

Works Cited

Source Index

Author Index

Subject Index