Russia and the West from Alexander to Putin :Honor in International Relations

Publication subTitle :Honor in International Relations

Author: Andrei P. Tsygankov;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9781316968406

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781107025523

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9781107025523

Subject: D8 Diplomacy, International Relations

Keyword: 外交、国际关系

Language: ENG

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Description

Covering two centuries of Russian history, this book shows how a sense of honor has affected Russia's foreign policy decision-making. Andrei Tsygankov proposes a novel interpretation of Russian foreign policy which emphasizes the role of conceptions of honor. He identifies patterns in Russia's international behavior from the early nineteenth century to the present, drawing on ten historical episodes from across the period, from the Holy Alliance to the Russia-Georgia war. Andrei Tsygankov proposes a novel interpretation of Russian foreign policy which emphasizes the role of conceptions of honor. He identifies patterns in Russia's international behavior from the early nineteenth century to the present, drawing on ten historical episodes from across the period, from the Holy Alliance to the Russia-Georgia war. Since Russia has re-emerged as a global power, its foreign policies have come under close scrutiny. In Russia and the West from Alexander to Putin, Andrei P. Tsygankov identifies honor as the key concept by which Russia's international relations are determined. He argues that Russia's interests in acquiring power, security and welfare are filtered through this cultural belief and that different conceptions of honor provide an organizing framework that produces policies of cooperation, defensiveness and assertiveness in relation to the West. Using ten case studies spanning a period from the early nineteenth century to the present day - including the Holy Alliance, the Triple Entente and the Russia-Georgia war - Tsygankov's theory suggests that when it perceives its sense of honor to be recognized, Russia cooperates with the Western nations; without such a recognition it pursues independent policies either defensively or assertively. 1. Introduction; Part I. Theory: 2. Honor in international relations; 3. The Russian state and its honor; 4. Russia's relations with the West; Part II. Honor and Cooperation: 5. The Holy Alliance, 1815–53; 6. The Triple Entente, 1907–17; 7. The collective security, 1933–9; 8. The war with terrorism, 2001–5; Part III. Honor and Defensiveness: 9. The Recueillement, 1856–71; 10. The peaceful coexistence, 1921–39; 11. Containing NATO expansion, 1995–2000; Part IV. Honor and Assertiveness: 12. The Crimean War, 1853–6; 13. The early Cold War, 1946–9; 14. The Russia-Georgia War, August 2008; 15. Conclusion; Bibliography. 'An original analysis of the long sweep of Russian foreign policy over the last two centuries, examined through the prism of the concept of 'honour'. The work provides a convincing framework for analysis based on three modes of Russian behaviour, cooperation, defensiveness and assertiveness. The notion is then applied in ten cases studies, ranging from the Holy Alliance of 1814–53 to the Russo–Georgian war of 2008, in which honour is seen to have played a central role in shaping policy and perceptions. Tsygankov offers a compelling and original analysis of Russian foreign policy that will be essential reading for historians and political scientists, and above all for scholars of international relations.' Professor Richard Sakwa, University of Kent 'In a sweeping historical analysis, Tsygankov explains major shifts in Russia's willingness to cooperate with the West in terms of honor. All states have a set of core values that must be defended in order to maintain national dignity and self-respect, a commitment that explains why states sometimes engage in foolhardy or wasteful undertakings. Tsygank

Chapter

The Self and Other in Honor-Based Interactions

Honor and Foreign Policy

Notes

3 The Russian State and Its Honor

The Honor of the Russian State: Origins and Content of the Myth

Russia’s Security Imperatives and State Honor

Russia and Its Cultural Allies

Russia and the West: Similarity versus Distinctiveness

The Historical Evolution of Russian Honor

Notes

4 Russia's Relations with the West

Historical Traditions

Russia's Foreign Policy Traditions

Cooperative Enhancement of Honor

Defensive Honor

Assertive Enhancement of Honor

Evaluating Russia's Foreign Policy

Honor and the Formation of Russia's Foreign Policy

Cultural Formation of Russia's Foreign Policy

Realism and Its Limitations

First Look at the Historical Cases

Notes

Part II: Honor and Cooperation

5 The Holy Alliance, 1815-1853

The Era of the Holy Alliance

The Holy Alliance

The Greek Question

Support for Conservative Powers

The Holy Alliance and the Concert of Europe, 1814-53: Timeline

Explaining the Holy Alliance

The Tsars’ Sense of Honor

Social and Political Support

Alternative Explanations

Assessment of the Holy Alliance

Notes

6 The Triple Entente, 1907-1917

The Policy of Realignment with the West

The Russo-French Alliance

Russia-Britain Relations

Russia and Balkan Politics

The Triple Entente, 1907-1917: Timeline

Explaining Russia's Realignment with the West

Nicholas's Sense of Honor

Russia's Domestic Conditions and Support

The Allies

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

7 The Collective Security, 1933-1939

The Soviet Struggle for Collective Security

Joining the League of Nations

Litvinovs Crusade

Setbacks

Munich and After

The Collective Security, 1933-1939: Timeline

Explaining Soviet Cooperation

Stalin's and Litvinov's Worldviews

Domestic Conditions and Support

Western Allies

Alternative Explanations

Assessment of Collective Security

Notes

8 The War on Terror, 2001-2005

Vladimir Putin's Choice

Engaging the United States in Counterterrorist Cooperation

Supporting the United States in Afghanistan, but Not Iraq

The U.S.-Russian Partnership, Unraveled

The War on Terror, 2001-2005: Timetable

Explaining Putin's Policy Choices

Putin's Sense of Honor

Domestic Support

Western Recognition

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

Part III: Honor and Defensiveness

9 The Recueillement, 1856-1871

The Policy of Recueillement

Gorchakov's Note

Rapprochement with France

The Polish Revolt and Russia's Diplomacy

Rapprochement with Prussia and Repudiation of the Paris Terms

The Recueillement, 1856-1871: Timeline

Explanation for the Policy of Recueillement

European Influences

Domestic Conditions and Russia's Honor

The Recueillement's Internal Support and Opposition

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

10 Peaceful Coexistence, 1921-1939

The Policy of Peaceful Coexistence

The End of the World Revolution

Peaceful Coexistence: Achievements and Promises

The Isolationist Turn

From Collective Security to the Pact with Germany

The Peaceful Coexistence, 1921-1939: Timeline

Explaining the Soviet Defensiveness

Western Influences

Domestic Conditions and Soviet Honor

Domestic Support and Opposition

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

11 Containing NATO Expansion, 1995-2000

Russia's Policy of Containing NATO

The Arrival of Yevgeni Primakov

Diplomatic Efforts in Europe

Diplomatic Efforts outside the West

Diplomacy in the Former Soviet World

Containing NATO Expansion, 1995-1999: Timeline

Explaining the Policy

Western Influences

Domestic Conditions and Russia's Honor

Internal Supporters

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

Part IV: Honor and Assertiveness

12 The Crimean War, 1853-1856

The War

The Ottoman Decline

Nicholas's Perception and Strategic Objectives

From the Near Eastern to the European War

The Defeat of Russia

The Crimean War, 1853-1856: Timeline

Explaining the War

Europe's Opposition to Russia

Russia's Sense of Confidence

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

13 The Early Cold War, 1946-1949

From Allies to Enemies

The Agreements at Yalta and Potsdam

First Complications and the Stalin-Churchill Exchange

Soviet Assertiveness in all Directions

The Point of No Return

The Early Cold War, 1946-1949: Timeline

Explaining Soviet Assertiveness

Soviet Concept of Honor

Domestic Confidence

Western Mistrust

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

14 The Russia-Georgia War, August 2008

The Russia-Georgia War

The Rose Revolution and the Stage of Nascent Cooperation

“Passive” and “Active Containment”

Confrontation and the Five-Day War

The Russia-Georgia War, August 2008: Timeline

Explaining Russia's Intervention

Honor and Humiliation in Russia

Russia's Domestic Confidence

The West and Georgia

Alternative Explanations

Assessment

Notes

15 Conclusion

The Books Findings

Russia's Western Choices and Its Domestic Opponents

Explaining Russia's Choices

The Record of Russia-West Relations

The Promise of Honor-Based Constructivism

Honor-Based Constructivism and the Theory of Foreign Policy

Honor-Based Constructivism and the Twenty-First-Century Great Powers

A Final Word

Notes

Bibliography

Index

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