Federal Control of Air Emissions: Select Types and Considerations ( Environmental Remediation Technologies, Regulations and Safety )

Publication series :Environmental Remediation Technologies, Regulations and Safety

Author: Harrison M. Graham;Todd E. Lee  

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.‎

Publication year: 2016

E-ISBN: 9781620818299

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781620818084

Subject: L No classification

Keyword: 暂无分类

Language: ENG

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Federal Control of Air Emissions: Select Types and Considerations

Chapter

OCS Vessel Emissions

State Authority

Procedural Requirements

Public Participation

Administrative Appeals Process

Judicial Review

DOI OCS AIR PROGRAM

Activity-Specific Plan Requirements

Exemption Determination

Significance Determination

Required Emission Controls

Emissions Monitoring and Reporting

Nonattainment Areas

Attainment Areas

Temporary Facilities

OCS Vessel Emissions

Procedural Requirements

Coastal Zone Management Act Review

Public Participation

Judicial Review

COMPARISON OF DOI AND EPA AIR PROGRAMS

End Notes

Chapter 2 EPA’S BOILER MACT: CONTROLLING EMISSIONS OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

WHY IS EPA CONSIDERING REGULATING THESE SOURCES?

RECONSIDERATION OF THE RULE

THE PROMULGATED STANDARDS

Standards for Existing Coal, Biomass, and Liquid Units

Standards for Existing Gas-Fired Units

Standards for New Boilers

EPA’S ESTIMATES OF THE BOILER MACT’S COSTS AND BENEFITS

EPA’s Projected Costs

EPA’s Projected Benefits

OTHER COST ESTIMATES

The CIBO Study

The NACAA Critique

The AF&PA Study

Some General Thoughts on Cost and Economic Impact

SHOULD EPA HAVE SET HEALTH-BASED STANDARDS UNDER SECTION 112(D)(4)?

SMALLER (AREA) SOURCES

RELATED RULES ON SOLID WASTE INCINERATION

Defining Solid Waste

Used Oil

Scrap Tires

Further Clarification

The CISWI Rule

CONCLUSION

End Notes

Chapter 3 AIR QUALITY: INFORMATION ON TALL SMOKESTACKS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO INTERSTATE TRANSPORT OF AIR POLLUTION

ABBREVIATIONS

WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY

WHAT GAO FOUND

BACKGROUND

ALMOST 300 TALL SMOKESTACKS OPERATE IN 34 STATES, AND ABOUT HALF BEGAN OPERATING BEFORE 1980

284 Tall Stacks Were Operating at about 170 Coal Power Plants, with Approximately One-Third Located in the Ohio River Valley

About Half of All Tall Stacks Began Operating before 1980, but an Increasing Number Have Gone into Service in the Last 4 Years

STACK HEIGHT CONTRIBUTES TO INTERSTATE TRANSPORT OF AIR POLLUTION, AND THE EMISSIONS FROM SEVERAL TALL STACKS REMAIN UNCONTROLLED FOR CERTAIN POLLUTANTS

Stack Height Is One of Several Factors that Contribute to the Interstate Transport of Air Pollution

Use of Pollution Controls at Coal Power Plants Has Increased in Recent Years, but Emissions from Some Plants, Including Several with Tall Stacks, Remain Uncontrolled for Certain Pollutants

BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION, 17 OF 48 TALL SMOKESTACKS BUILT SINCE 1988 EXCEED THEIR GEP HEIGHT, AND A VARIETY OF FACTORS CAN INFLUENCE HEIGHT DECISIONS

AGENCY COMMENTS

APPENDIX I: SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY

APPENDIX II: DISTRIBUTION OF TALL STACKS BY STATE

End Notes

End Note for Appendix I

Chapter 4 THE NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) FOR PARTICULATE MATTER (PM): EPA’S 2006 REVISIONS AND ASSOCIATED ISSUES

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

EPA’S 2006 CHANGES TO THE PARTICULATES NAAQS

The 2006 Particulates NAAQS

Implementing the 2006 PM NAAQS21

2006 PM2.5 24-Hour NAAQS Area Designations

State Implementation Plans (SIPs)

National Regulations

POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE 2006 PARTICULATES NAAQS

EPA’s Monetized Benefits and Cost Estimates44

Potential Health Impacts

CONCERNS AND ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE REVISIONS OF THE PARTICULATES NAAQS

Petitions Challenging the 2006 PM NAAQS and the D.C. Circuit’s February 24, 2009, Decision62

Fine Particulate (PM2.5) Primary (Health) Standards

Potential Health Benefits of a More Stringent PM2.5 Standard

Coarse Particulate (PM10) Primary Standards

Particle Size Indicator

Rural PM10 Sources

Secondary PM2.5 and PM10 Standards

Exclusion of More Recent Research

CONCLUSION

End Notes

Chapter 5 CLEAN AIR ACT: A SUMMARY OF THE ACT AND ITS MAJOR REQUIREMENTS

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

OVERVIEW

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

NONATTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS

Requirements for Ozone Nonattainment Areas

Marginal Areas

Moderate Areas

Serious Areas

Severe Areas

Extreme Areas

Requirements for Carbon Monoxide Nonattainment Areas

Moderate Areas

Serious Areas

Requirements for Particulate Nonattainment Areas

Moderate Areas

Serious Areas

TRANSPORTED AIR POLLUTION

EMISSION STANDARDS FOR MOBILE SOURCES

HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS3

NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS5

SOLID WASTE INCINERATORS

PREVENTION OF SIGNIFICANT DETERIORATION/REGIONAL HAZE6

ACID DEPOSITION CONTROL7

PERMITS8

ENFORCEMENT

STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION9

SELECTED REFERENCES

End Notes

INDEX

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