NANOPOROUS MATERIALS: TYPES, PROPERTIES AND USES

NANOPOROUS MATERIALS: TYPES, PROPERTIES AND USES

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 THE DYNAMICS OF INFILTRATION OF ANANOPOROUS MEDIA WITH A NONWETTING LIQUID

1. INTRODUCTION

2. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE AND RESULTS

3. MODEL OF INFILTRATION DYNAMICS FOR A POROUS MEDIA

3.1. Formulation of the Problem

3.2. Basic Equations

3.3. Kinetics of Infiltration for Slow Variation of Pressure

3.4. Kinetics of Infiltration under a Fast Variation of Pressure

3.5. Oscillating Modes of Infiltration

3.6. Physical Pattern of Infiltration of a Nonwetting Liquid into a PorousMedia

4. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENT

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 ENERGETICS AND PERCOLATION PROPERTIES OFHYDROPHOBIC NANOPOROUS MEDIA

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE MODEL OF A POROUS MEDIUM.INFILTRATION FLUCTUATIONS

3. WORK AND THERMAL EFFECT IN THE INFILTRATIONDEFILTRATIONCYCLE

4. CONDITIONS FOR THE CLOSED CYCLE

5. TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES OF THE INFILTRATIONAND DEFILTRATION PRESSURES

6. THERMAL EFFECT

7. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 3 ORDERED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT

2. SILICA BASED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS

2.1. Synthesis and Properties

2.2. Biocompatibility of Mesoporous Silica Materials

2.3. Applications: Bone Tissue Engineering

2.3 1. Bioactivity

2.3.2. Mesoporous Bioglasses

2.3.3. Mesoporous Bioglasses Microspheres

2.4. Silica Based Mesoporous Materials as Drug Delivery Systems

2.4.1. Drug Loading in Mesoporous Materials

2.4.2. Drug Release Profiles and Release Kinetics

2.4.3. Drug Delivery Systems In Bone Tissue Engineering

2.4.4. Parameters that Influence Drug Release from Ordered Mesoporous Silica

Based Materials

2.4.4.1. Pore diameter

2.4.4.2. Surface Area

2.4.4.3. Pore Volume

2.4.4.4. Surface Functionalization

2.4.4.4.1. Functionalization Using Amino Groups

2.4.4.4.2. Functionalization Using Hydrophobic Groups

2.4.5. Mesoporous Materials as Protein Delivery Systems

2.4.6. Stimuli-Responsive Mesoporous Silica Systems

2.4.7. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems

3. POROUS ALUMINA

3.1. Fabrication and Properties

3.2. BIOCOMPATIBILITY

3.3. Drug Delivery Applications of Porous Alumina

3.3.1. Bone Implants

3.3.2. Coronary Stents Implants

3.3.3. Biocapsules for Immunoissolation

4. NANOTUBULAR TITANIA

4.1. Fabrication and Properties

4.2. Biocompatibility

4.3. Drug Delivery Applications of Titania Nanotubes

4.3.1. Therapeutic Bone and Stent Implants

4.3.2. Stimuli-Responsive Therapeutic Systems

5. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 4 NANOCAVITY: A NOVEL FUNCTIONAL NANOSTRUCTURAL UNIT

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Scope

1.2. Overview

1.3. Objectives

2. INNER SURFACE ENERGY OF NANOCAVITY

3. SIZE EFFECTS INDUCED BY SURFACE ENERGY

3.1. Shrinkage and Local Hardening

3.2. The Nonlinear Shrinkage Induced by Thermal Activation

3.3. Melting and Superheating

3.4. Sink Effect

3.4.1. Nucleation thermodynamics in nanocavities

3.4.2. Diffusion kinetics

4. CONCLUDING REMARKS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 5 RECENT ADVANCES IN THE TITANIA POROUS MATERIALS GROWTH THROUGH MICRO-ARC OXIDATION

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

TI MICRO-ARC OXIDATION: AN OVERVIEW

Formation of Pure Porous Tio2 PEO Films

Unsaturated Tio Layers in PEO Films

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 6 PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NANOPOROUS MATERIALS PREPARED FROM NATURAL CLAY MINERALS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Clay Mineral Structure

B. Nano Porous Materials Prepared from Kaolinite

g-Al2O3 porous materials

C. Nanoporous Silica from the 2:1 Clay Minerals Pyrophillite and Talc

Nanoporous silica from talc

Nanoporous silica from pyrophyllite

D. Nanoporous Silica from Montmorillonite

E. Nanoporous Silica from Other 2:1 Type Clay Minerals

Porous silica from phlogopite

Porous silica from vermiculite

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 7 MAGNETIC NANOPOROUS MATERIALS

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF POROUS STRUCTURE

2.1.1. Magnetism of nanoporous materials with crystalline structure

A. Ferromagnetic Materials

B. Antiferromagnetic Materials

C. Ferrimagnetic and Metamagnetic Materials

2.1.2. Magnetism of nanoporous materials with amorphous structure

3. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 8 SURFACE AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MESOPOROUS ANODIC ALUMINUM OXIDES

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. Structure and Surface Properties

3.2. Wetting and Optical Behavior

3.3. Nanoindentation Response

3.4. Microhardness Test

4. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF INDENTATION

5. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 9 QUASI MONOCRYSTALLINE POROUS SILICON (QMPS) – A POTENTIAL MATERIAL FOR OPTOELECTRONIC AND PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

Fabrication of QMPS (or QMS)

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of QMPS

Theoretical Modeling

CONCLUSION

FURTHER STUDY

REFERENCES

Chapter 10 LOW-K NANOPOROUS INTERDIELECTRICS: MATERIALS, THIN FILM FABRICATIONS, STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES

ABSTRACT

I. INTRODUCTION

II. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LOW-K NANOPOROUS DIELECTRICS

II.1. Hollow Nanoparticles

II.2. Dendrimers

II.3. Star-Shape Polymers

II.4. Hyperbranched Polymers

II.5. Crosslinked Polymer Nanoparticles

II.6. Core-corona Polymer Nanoparticles

II.7. Linear Polymers

II.8. Cage Supramolecules

II.9. High Boiling Point Molecules

II.10. Hybrid Copolymers

III. CHARACTERIZATION OF PORE STRUCTURES

III.1. GIXS

III.2. Transmission Radiation Scattering

III.3. Microscopy

III.4. Porosimetry

III.5. Spectroscopy

III.6. Comparitive Studies of Characterization of Pore Structure

IV. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 11 NOVEL MANUFACTURING AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES OF NANOPOROUS SILICON

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Overview

1.2. Futrue Developments

2. FORMING MECHANISMS

3. PERPENDICULAR-ELECTRIC-FIELD-ASSISTED METHOD

4. ILLUMINATION-ASSISTED METHOD

5. HALL-EFFECT-ASSISTED METHOD

6. BURIED-P-LAYER-ASSISTED METHOD

7. LATERAL-ELECTRIC-FIELD METHOD

8. SUPERIMPOSITION-ASSISTED METHOD

8.1. Illumination-Assisted Method with Buried-P-Layer-Assisted Method

8.2. Hall-Effect-Assisted Method with Perpendicular-Electrical-Field Method

9. SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID METHOD FOR METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR CONTACT

10. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

INDEX