Chapter
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Section I: History of the Therapy of Breast Cancer
Chapter 1: History of the Therapy of Breast Cancer
Section II: Anatomy and Physiology of the Normal and Lactating Breast
Chapter 2: Anatomy of the Breast, Axilla, Chest Wall, and Related Metastatic Sites
Gross Anatomic Structure-Surface Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomic Structure
Fascial Relationships of the Breast
Innervation of the Breast
Lymphatic Drainage of the Breast
Venous Drainage of the Mammary Gland
Chapter 3: Breast Physiology: Normal and Abnormal Development and Function
Chapter 4: Discharges and Secretions of the Nipple
Introduction and Definitions
Clinical Evaluation and Management of the Patient with Nipple Discharge
Diagnosis and Surgical Intervention
Section III: Benign and Premalignant Lesions
Chapter 5: Etiology and Management of Benign Breast Disease
Pathophysiology of Mastalgia
Pathology of Benign Breast Disorders
Clinical Features of Benign Breast Disorders
Treatment of Benign Breast Disease
Chapter 6A: Subareolar Breast Abscess: The Penultimate Stage of the Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence...
Historical Perspective and Terminology
Pathogenesis and Clinical Correlates
Genesis of Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence
Pathology of Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence
Clinical Overview of Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence
Clinical Features Related to Management of Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence
Peripheral Breast Abscess in Comparison to Mammary Duct-associated Inflammatory Disease Sequence
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Chapter 6B: Clinical Management of Mastitis and Breast Abscess and Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Mastitis and Breast Abscess
Special Considerations for Lactational Mastitis and Abscesses
Chronic Subareolar Abscess
Authors' Recommendation for Breast Abscess Management
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Management of Gynecomastia
Chapter 8: Benign, High-Risk, and Premalignant Lesions of the Breast
Benign Lesions without Cancer Risk Implications
Epithelial Hyperplasia and Proliferative Breast Disease
Localized Sclerosing Lesions
Duct Ectasia and Fat Necrosis
Fibroadenoma and Phyllodes Tumor
Chapter 9: Congenital and Acquired Disturbances of Breast Development and Growth
Development of the Breast
Unilateral Congenital Defects of the Breast with associated Defects of the Chest Wall, Ipsilateral Musculature, Subcutaneous T.
Iatrogenic Factors That Initiate Breast Hypoplasia
Juvenile (Adolescent, Virginal) Hypertrophy of the Female Breast
Tuberous Breast Deformity
Drug Induction of Gigantism
Breast Hypertrophy with Pregnancy (Gigantomastia)
Symmastia: Medial Confluence of the Breast
Supernumerary Nipples (Polythelia) and Supernumerary Breast (Polymastia)
Accessory (Ectopic) Axillary Breast Tissue
Section IV: Pathology of Malignant Lesions
Chapter 10: In Situ Carcinomas of the Breast: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ
Recent Insights into the Unique Biology of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ
Pathology of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Classification of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Extensiveness, Multicentricity, and Multifocality
Risks of Evolution and Recurrence from Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Receptor Proteins, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Ploidy
Special Types of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ with Special Implications
Pathology of Lobular Carcinoma in Situ
Chapter 11: Infiltrating Carcinomas of the Breast: Not One Disease
Historical Pathologic Classification
Emerging Molecular Classification
Emerging Pharmacogenomic Classification
Chapter 12: Extent and Multicentricity of in Situ and Invasive Carcinoma
Combined Invasive and in Situ Carcinoma
Clinical Implications of Multicentricity
Chapter 13: Mesenchymal Neoplasms of the Breast
Fibroepithelial Neoplasms
Fibroblastic and Myofibroblastic Neoplasms
Chapter 14: Paget's Disease of the Breast
Chapter 15: Primary and Secondary Dermatologic Disorders of the Breast
Primary Breast Dermatologic Disorders
Secondary Breast Dermatologic Disorders
Chapter 16: Digital Automation of Breast Biomarker Immunocytochemistry
High Throughput Approaches to Tissue Microarrays
Significance and Future Importance of Digital Image Analysis
Conflict (Duality) of Interests
Chapter 17: Breast Lymphoma
Chapter 18: Breast Implants and Related Methods of Breast-Modifying Surgery
Silicone and Breast Implants
Clinical Use of Breast Implants
Complications of Breast Implants
Section V: Natural History, Epidemiology, Genetics, and Syndromes of Breast Cancer
Chapter 19: Epidemiology of Breast Cancer
Traditional Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
Newer Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
Chapter 20: Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer
Identifying Women at Risk
Chemoprevention Risk Reduction Trials
Significance of Tamoxifen
Clinical Data with Raloxifene
Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene Trial
Future Strategies: AromataseInhibitors
Chapter 21: Breast Cancer Genetics: Syndromes, Genes, Pathology, Counseling, Testing, and Treatment
Genetic Predisposition to Breast Cancer
Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome and BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations
Heterogeneity: Multiple Breast Cancer Syndromes
Diagnostic Considerations and Implications
Racial and Sociocultural Variation in Breast Cancer Rates
Psychological Aspects of Familial Breast Cancer
The Decision-Making Process and Genetic Testing
Future of Research in Genetics in Hereditary Cancer
Chapter 22: Patterns of Recurrence in Breast Cancer
Importance of Minimizing Local Recurrence
Local Recurrence Patterns and Risk Factors
Local Recurrence following Breast Conservation Therapy
Local Recurrence following Mastectomy
Section VI: Staging of Breast Cancer
Chapter 23: Assessment and Designation of Breast Cancer Stage
Staging: Past, Present, and Future
Clinical, Pathologic, and Biologic Markers and Factors in Determining Prognosis
Evolution of Staging Systems
Section VII: Prognostic Factors for Breast Cancer
Chapter 24: Clinically Established Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer
Chapter 25: Investigational Molecular Prognostic Factors for Breast Carcinoma
Prognostic and Predictive Factors
Development of Biomarkers
Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis
Investigational Molecular Markers
Gene Expression Signatures: Top Down
Prognostic Gene Signatures: Bottom Up
Predictive Gene Signatures
Chapter 26: Risk Factors for Breast Carcinoma in Women with Proliferative Breast Disease
Evaluation of Page's Histologic Classification Scheme by Other Authors
Relationship between the Histologic Classification Schemes of Different Authors
Complex Fibroadenoma and Proliferative Breast Disease
Effect of Time since Biopsy on Risk of Breast Cancer
Chapter 27: Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer
Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer
Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the Estrogen Receptors
Transcriptional Regulation by Estrogen Receptors
Genomic Estrogen Receptor Signal Transduction
Estrogen Receptor Inhibition by Tamoxifen and Its Metabolites in Premenopausal Women
E2 Synthesis and the Role of Aromatase Inhibitors in Postmenopausal Women
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator Inhibition of Estrogen Signaling
Nongenomic Estrogen Receptor Signal Transduction
Cross-Talk between Growth Factor Receptors and Estrogen Receptorα Function
Clinical Evidence for Estrogen Receptorα and Growth Factor Signaling Interaction
Clinical Trials Designed to Examine Interactions between Growth Factor Signaling and Estrogen Receptor Inhibition...
Progesterone Receptor and Breast Cancer
Section VIII: Molecular Biology of Breast Carcinogenesis
Chapter 28: Molecular Oncology of Breast Cancer
Role of Endogenous Hormones in Breast Development and Carcinogenesis
Important Molecular Markers in Current Clinical Management of Breast Cancer Patients
Sporadic Breast Cancer and Somatic Genetic Alterations
Clinical Applications of Multigene Assessment Methods
Chapter 29: Stem Cells, the Breast, and Breast Cancer
Stem Cells in the Normal Breast
Stem Cells in Breast Cancer
Can the Stem Cell Paradigm Shift Result in Improved Cancer Treatment and Survival?
Chapter 30: Concepts and Mechanisms of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Pathogenesis of Metastasis
Biologic Diversification and Heterogeneity of Metastatic Cancers
Chapter 31: Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer
Vectors for Gene Transfer
Breast Cancer Gene Therapy: Clinical Experience
Chapter 32: Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer
Tumor Angiogenesis: Biologic Basis
Angiogenesis in Human Breast Cancer
Principles of Antiangiogenic Therapy in the Clinic
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 33: Immune Recognition of Breast Cancer
Basics of Immune Recognition of Breast Cancer
Endogenous Immune Responses Directed against Breast Cancer
Role of the Immune Microenvironment in Limiting the Breast Cancer-associated Immune Response
Summary and Future Directions
Chapter 34: Immunology and the Role of Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer: Human Clinical Trials
Breast Cancer Immunotherapy in Perspective
Breast Cancer Vaccines in Evolution
Section IX: Screening and Diagnosis of Breast Disease
Chapter 35: Examination Techniques: Roles of the Physician and Patient in Evaluating Breast Disease
Clinical Breast Examination
Invasive Diagnostic Procedures
Chapter 36: Breast Imaging
Other Breast Imaging Techniques
Imaging-Guided Interventional Procedures
Staging and Follow-Up of Women with Breast Cancer
Chapter 37: Interval Breast Cancer: Clinical, Epidemiologic, and Biologic Features
Interval Breast Cancer: Definition of the Problem
Epidemiologic, Clinical Features, and Outcomes of Interval Breast Cancer Compared with Screen-Detected Breast Cancer...
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Interval Breast Cancer Compared with Breast Cancer Detected in Control Populations...
Biologic Features of the Interval Breast Cancers
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 38: Stereotactic Breast Biopsy
Indications for Stereotactic Biopsy
Contraindications to Stereotactic Biopsy
Stereotactic Biopsy Procedure
Potential Problems and Pitfalls
Imaging-Pathology Correlation
Chapter 39: Cytopathology of the Breast
Prognosis and Prediction of Response to Therapy
Chapter 40: Breast Ductoscopy
Section X: Clinical Trials: Biostatistical Applications
Chapter 41: Design and Conduct of Clinical Trials for Breast Cancer
What Are Clinical Trials?
Trial Design for Phase I Oncology Studies
Trial Design for Phase II Oncology Studies
Trial Design for Phase III Randomized Controlled Studies
Sample Size Determination and Power Analysis
Monitoring Response Variables
Section XI: Surgery for Benignand MalignantDiseases ofthe Breast
Chapter 42: Evolution of the Surgical Management of Breast Cancer
Medieval Ages and the Renaissance
Current Evolutionary Progress
Chapter 43: Indications and Techniques for Biopsy
Nonpalpable Abnormalities
Chapter 44: General Principles of Mastectomy: Evaluation and Therapeutic Options
Topographical Surgical Anatomy
Evolution of Surgical Techniques for Mastectomy
Design of Incisions for Mastectomy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Chapter 45: Halsted Radical Mastectomy
Historical Aspects for Development of Radical Mastectomy
Breast Cancer Treatment in the United States
Indications for Use of the Halsted Radical Mastectomy
Technique of Radical Mastectomy
Chapter 46: Modified Radical Mastectomy and Total (Simple) Mastectomy
Modified Radical Mastectomy
Modified Radical Mastectomy Technique
Chapter 47: Breast Conservation Therapy for Invasive Breast Cancer
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Section XII: Breast Reconstruction
Chapter 48: Breast Reconstruction following Mastectomy
Role of Reconstruction in Breast Cancer Treatment
Definition of the Mastectomy Deformity
Reconstructive Surgical Methods
Chapter 49: Macromastia and Reduction Mammaplasty
Section XIII: Complications of Breast Surgery
Chapter 50: Wound Care and Complications of Mastectomy
Care of the Postmastectomy Wound
Complications of Mastectomy
Chapter 51: Lymphedema in the Postmastectomy Patient: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Management
Etiologic Factors and Incidence
Lymphedema and Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping
Lymphedema from Radiation Treatment
Patient History and Measurement of Lymphedema
Preoperative Lymphoscintigraphy
Nonoperative Management of Lymphedema
Operative Management of Lymphedema
Lymphangiosarcoma: A Rare but Fatal Complication of Long-Standing Lymphedema
Section XIV: Current Concepts and Management of Early Breast Carcinoma (Tis, Tmic, T1)
Chapter 52: Biology and Management of Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast (Lobular Neoplasia)
Incidence and Pathologic Anatomy
Other Immunohistochemical Tests
Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma in Situ
Core Biopsy Specimens: A Difficult Situation
Natural History: Risk of Invasive Carcinoma
Family History and Genetics
Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ and Breast Conservation
Chapter 53: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Treatment Controversies and Oncoplastic Surgery
Changing Nature of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Distant Disease and Death
Prospective Randomized Trials
Limitations of the Prospective Randomized Trials
Predicting Local Recurrence in Conservatively Treated Patients with Ductal in Situ Carcinoma
Use of Margin Width as the Sole Predictor of Local Recurrence
Treatment of the Axilla for Patients with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Oncoplastic Breast Surgery
Chapter 54: Therapeutic Value of Axillary Node Dissection and Selective Management of the Axilla in Small Breast Cancers...
Lymphatic Function and Nodal Metastases
Axillary Anatomy and Evaluation
Therapeutic Role of Axillary Node Dissection
Selective Management of Axilla
Chapter 55: Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymphadenectomy for Breast Cancer
History of Sentinel Node Concept in Breast Cancer
Evolution of Dye-Directed Sentinel Lymphadenectomy for Breast Cancer at the John Wayne Cancer Institute
Complete Nonsentinel Node Staging and Proof of Principle
Prospective Study of Sentinel Lymphadenectomy Alone for a Tumor-Free Sentinel Node
Identification of the Sentinel Node in Breast Cancer by Radiolocalization
Identification of the Sentinel Node with Preoperative Lymphoscintigraphy and Intraoperative Radioguided Surgery
Combined Technique of Vital Dye and Radioisotope
Global Experience with Sentinel Lymphadenectomy in Breast Cancer
Multicenter Lymphatic Mapping Trials
Clinical, Pathologic, and Technical Aspects of Sentinel Lymphadenectomy
Radiolocalization and Lymphatic Mapping with Isotopes
Histopathologic Evaluation
Morbidity of Sentinel Lymphadenectomy
Immunologic Role of the Sentinel Node
Prospective Randomized Clinical Trials
Chapter 56: Detection and Significance of Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases
Definition and Classification of Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases
Frequency and Prognostic Significance of Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases
Ludwig Studies of Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases
Logistical Hurdles in the Detection of Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases
Enhanced Pathologic Techniques and the Evolution of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Micrometastasis Study
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 57: Intraoperative Evaluation of Surgical Margins in Breast-Conserving Therapy
Frequency of Margin-Positive Partial Mastectomy
Pathologic Assessment of Margin Status and Specimen Handling
Chapter 58: Surgical Management of Early Breast Cancer
Surgical Options for Early Breast Cancer
Breast Conservation Surgery
Outcome after Surgical Management of Breast Cancer
Minimally Invasive Ablative Therapies
Chapter 59: Percutaneous Ablation: Minimally Invasive Techniques in Breast Cancer Therapy
Interstitial Laser Therapy
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation
Section XV: Radiation Therapy for Stages 0, I, and II Breast Cancer
Chapter 60: Radiotherapy Techniques
Interstitial Implantation
External-Beam Treatment Modalities
Chapter 61: Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Disease
Radiation Therapy following Mastectomy and Adjuvant Systemic Therapy
Radiation Therapy following Primary Systemic Therapy and Mastectomy
Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Radiation Therapy following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Breast-Conserving Surgery
Radiation Therapy for Inoperable Disease following Primary Systemic Therapy
Radiation Therapy without Surgery
Radiation Volumes and Doses
Chapter 62: Radiotherapy and Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Randomized Trials of the Role of Radiotherapy
Results with Excision Alone in Selected Patients
Factors associated with Local Recurrence
Tamoxifen and Radiotherapy
Radiation Treatment Techniques
Patterns of Recurrence and Results of Salvage Treatment
Radiation Therapy after Mastectomy
Chapter 63: Radiotherapy and Regional Nodes
Arm Edema and Nodal Irradiation
Chapter 64: Postmastectomy Radiotherapy
Randomized Trials of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy
Factors Influencing the Risk of Local-Regional Failure
Integration of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy and Reconstructive Surgery
Chapter 65: Breast-Conserving Therapy for Invasive Breast Cancers
Randomized Trials Comparing Breast-Conserving Surgery and Radiation Therapy with Mastectomy
Patient Selection for Breast-Conserving Surgery and Radiation
Timing of Radiation Therapy in Relation to Surgery and Systemic Therapy
Characteristics and Management of Local Failure after Breast-Conserving Surgery and Radiation Therapy
Breast-Conserving Surgery without Radiation Therapy
Chapter 66: Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation
Multicatheter Interstitial Brachytherapy
Balloon Catheter Brachytherapy
Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Trials Comparing Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation with Conventional Radiotherapy
Uncertainties in Patient Selection and Treatment Delivery
Chapter 67: Radiation Complications and Their Management
Fatigue and Myelosuppression
Radiation Dermatitis and Infections
Cosmesis and Breast Symptoms
Complications in Patients with Collagen Vascular Disease
Section XVI: Adjuvant Systemic Modalities for Therapy of Stages I and II Breast Cancer
Chapter 68: Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
St. Gallen and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines
Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group Systematic Review on Polychemotherapy (Oxford Overview)
Ongoing and Future Trials
Section XVII: Management of Advanced Local and Regional Disease
Chapter 69: Surgical Procedures for Advanced Local and Regional Malignancies of the Breast
Staging System Revisions and Implications
Unimodality Treatment Approaches
Breast Conservation Surgery in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Full-Thickness Chest Wall Resection Revisited
Reconstructive Techniques
Options for Chest Wall Closure
Full-Thickness Chest Wall Defects and Prosthetic Materials
Radiotherapy and Reconstruction
Multidisciplinary Approach
Algorithm for Chest Wall Reconstruction
Chapter 70: Solitary Metastases
Chapter 71: Locoregional Recurrence after Mastectomy
Conclusions and Recommendations
Chapter 72: Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Evolution of Local Therapy
Combined Modality Treatment
Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab-Based Therapy
Neoadjuvant Hormonal Therapy
Assessment of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Predictors of Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy
Breast-Conserving Surgery
Sectin XVIII: Management of Systemic Disease
Chapter 73: Detection and Clinical Implications of Occult Systemic Micrometastatic Breast Cancer
Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells
Clinical Significance and Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells
Future Clinical Uses of Circulating Tumor Cells
Chapter 74: Local Therapy for the Intact Breast Primary in the Presence of Metastatic Disease
Data Sources for Retrospective Analyses
Patterns of Care in Women Presenting with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Impact of Surgical Therapy on Overall Survival
Nonsurgical Factors Affecting Survival
Other Local Therapy Aspects
Does Locoregional Control Affect Survival in Patients with Known Metastases?
What is a Reasonable Clinical Approach to the Patient with De Novo Metastatic Disease?
Is a Randomized Trial Required to Establish the Role of Local Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer?
Biologic Explanations for a Possible Benefit of Primary Tumor Therapy in Metastatic Disease
Chapter 75: Management of Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer
Conclusions and Recommendations
Chapter 76: Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Medical Evaluation in the Metastatic Setting
Local Therapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Selecting Therapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Treatment of HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Novel Agents in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Treatment of Metastatic Bone Disease
Monitoring Response to Therapy
Future of Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Chapter 77: Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
Historical Background of Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
General Therapeutic Strategies
Current Endocrine Therapies for Breast Cancer
Molecular Predictors of Sensitivity to Hormonal Therapy
Chapter 78: Diagnosis and Management of Pleural Metastases in Breast Cancer
Treatment: Indications, Approaches, and Complications
Prognosis and Future Developments
Chapter 79: Management of Central Nervous System Metastases in Breast Cancer
Chapter 80: Management of Pericardial Metastases in Breast Cancer
Pericardial Effusion in Breast Cancer
Pericardial Constriction in Breast Cancer
Section XIX: Special Presentations of Breast Cancer
Chapter 81: Bilateral Breast Cancer
Risk Factors for Bilateral Breast Cancer
Prognosis of Bilateral Breast Cancer
Impact of Breast Imaging and Adjuvant Therapy on Bilaterality
Management Options for the Normal Contralateral Breast
Recommendations and Future Directions
Chapter 82: Cancer of the Male Breast
Detection and Presentation
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Genetics
Chapter 83: Local Recurrence, the Augmented Breast, and the Contralateral Breast
Locoregional Recurrence after Mastectomy
Recurrence in the Reconstructed Breast
Recurrence after Breast-Conserving Therapy
Breast Cancer in the Augmented Breast
Breast Cancer after Subcutaneous Mastectomy
Cancer Risk in the Contralateral Breast
Chapter 84: Carcinoma of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactation
Prognosis and Historical Perspective
Diagnostic Evaluation and Staging during Pregnancy
Chapter 85: Unknown Primary Presenting with Axillary Lymphadenopathy
Gross and Microscopic Anatomy
Conclusions for Clinical Practice
Chapter 86: Clinical Management of the Patient at Increased or High Risk
Breast Cancer Risk Assessment
Breast Cancer Risk Counseling
Breast Cancer Risk Management
Chapter 87: Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Why Acknowledge Inflammatory Breast Cancer as a Unique Form of Breast Cancer?
Definition of Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Epidemiology and Natural History of Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Therapy for Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Signature of Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Animal Models of Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Molecular and Biologic Insights into Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Unanswered Questions in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Section XX: Follow-Up Care and Rehabilitation of the Breast Cancer Patient
Chapter 88: General Considerations for Follow-Up
Surveillance for Locoregional Recurrences or New Primary Disease
Detecting Distant Relapse
Managing Long-Term and Late Effects of Cancer Treatment
Survivorship Care Planning
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 89: Management of Menopause in the Breast Cancer Patient
What Is the Experience of Menopause in Women with Breast Cancer?
Is Hormone Therapy an Option for Women with Breast Cancer?
Alternatives to Hormone Therapy for Management of Vasomotor Symptoms
Are Topical Estrogens an Option for Women with Breast Cancer?
Alternatives to Topical Estrogens for Vulvovaginal Atrophy
Chapter 90: Rehabilitation
Vocational Rehabilitation
Practical Aspects of Care
Chapter 91: Psychosocial Consequences and Lifestyle Interventions
Psychosocial Aspects of Breast Cancer
Lifestyle and Breast Cancer
Chapter 92: Patient and Family Resources
Understanding Online Resources
Treatment and Survivorship
Resources for Special Populations
Clinical Research Participation: Online Resources
Genetic and Hereditary Issues: Organizations
Social Services and Access: Organizations
Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Section XXI: Medical and Legal Issues Specific to the Care of Breast Cancer
Chapter 93: Medical-Legal Aspects of Breast Care
Scope and Demographics of Medical-Legal Activity in Breast Care
General Principles of Medical Malpractice
Chapter 94: Delayed Diagnosis of Symptomatic Breast Cancer
Definition of Delayed Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Patient-associated Delays in Diagnosis
Physician-associated Delays in Diagnosis
Influence of Delayed Diagnosis of Breast Cancer on Survival
Conclusion: How to Prevent the Delayed Diagnosis of Breast Cancer-Synopsis of Clinical Risk Prevention
Breast, 2-Volume Set, Expert Consult Online and Print
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