Essential Applications of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology

Author: Wakefield> Richard J.  

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences‎

Publication year: 2010

E-ISBN: 9781437736021

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781437701272

Subject: R593.2 Autoimmune diseases, connective tissue diseases

Keyword: 外科学

Language: ENG

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Description

Essential Applications of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology, by Richard Wakefield & Maria Antonietta D'Agostino, assists you in most effectively using musculoskeletal ultrasound to diagnose and monitor the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, and other rheumatic and soft tissue disorders. Sponsored by the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR), it is the first reference that attempts to set rigorous guidelines for how and when to use musculoskeletal ultrasound in the evaluation of these cases. At expertconsult.com you can reference the complete contents online, along with an image gallery, supplemental video stills and clips, and clinical cases with companion assessment questions.Detect rheumatic diseases much earlier using musculoskeletal ultrasound, and monitor their progression more accurately, with reliable, expert guidance from internationally renowned authorities. Visualize the imaging presentation of a full range of rheumatic diseases with a wealth of full-color illustrations. Apply rigorous, consistent guidelines on how and when to use musculoskeletal ultrasound. Access the complete contents online at expertconsult.com, along with an image gallery, supplemental video stills and clips, and clinical cases with companion assessment questions.

Chapter

Chapter 1 Physics of Ultrasound

Characteristics of Ultrasound Imaging

Ultrasound Mechanisms and Settings

Ultrasound Contrast Agents

Real-Time Tracking of Movement

Chapter 2 Pitfalls in Doppler Ultrasound

Artifacts Related to Machine Settings

Artifacts Related to the Surrounding Tissue

Artifacts Related to the Examiner or Patient

Other Pitfalls in Doppler Ultrasound

Conclusions

Chapter 3 Pitfalls of Gray-Scale Artifacts

Gray-Scale Artifacts

Artifacts Caused by Equipment Properties or Errors

Artifacts Originating between the Transducer and the Skin

Artifacts Originating within Tissue

Quality Assessment

Avoiding Artifacts in Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Acknowledgments

Chapter 4 Purchasing Ultrasound Equipment

Clinical Applications of Ultrasound

Mobility, Portability, and Siting of Ultrasound Equipment

Financing Ultrasound Equipment

Ergonomics of Ultrasound Systems and the Operating Environment

Ultrasound System Technologies

Conclusions

Chapter 5 The Normal Joint

Classification of Joints

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Ultrasound Examinations

Acknowledgments

Part II Spectrum of Ultrasound Pathology

Chapter 6 Synovitis

Definitions

Synovial Hypertrophy

Synovitis

Conclusions

Chapter 7 Detection of Bone Erosions

Detection of Bone Erosions

Scoring of Erosions

Longitudinal Assessment of Bone Damage

Reliability and Limitations of Erosion Detection

Conclusions

Chapter 8 Tendons

Technical Requirements

Inflammatory Disorders of Tendons and Tendon Sheaths

Clinical Examples

Chapter 9 Enthesitis

Enthesitis

Scanning Technique

Conclusions

Chapter 10 Cartilage

Normal Cartilage

Abnormal Cartilage

Conclusions

Chapter 11 Peripheral Nerves

Ultrasound and Electrophysiology

Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ultrasound Anatomy

Scanning Technique

Ultrasound-Detected Pathology

Conclusions

Chapter 12 Muscle

Anatomy and Physiology

Ultrasound Examination Technique

Muscle Injury

Patterns of Muscle Strain

Chronic Complications

Part III Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Management of Rheumatic Diseases

Chapter 13 Rheumatoid Arthritis

Diagnosis

Late, Nondiagnostic Signs of Disease

Disease Course Follow-up

Prognosis

Standardization and Reliability

Practical Aspects: Injections

Conclusions

Chapter 14 Osteoarthritis

Ultrasound in Osteoarthritis

Ultrasound Equipment and Technique

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Osteoarthritic Joint

Advantages and Limitations of Ultrasound in Osteoarthritis

Conclusions

Chapter 15 Spondyloarthritis

Definitions

Ultrasound and Spondyloarthritis

Diagnosis

Follow-up and Prognosis

Standardization and Reliability

Conclusions

Chapter 16 Crystal-Associated Synovitis

Crystal Involvement of Hyaline Cartilage

Crystal Involvement of Fibrocartilage

Crystal Involvement of Synovial Fluid

Crystal Involvement of Tendon

Crystal Involvement of Bone

Conclusions

Crystal Involvement of Periarticular Soft Tissues

Chapter 17 Salivary Glands

Salivary Gland Anatomy

Ultrasound Technique for Salivary Glands

Conclusions

Chapter 18A Use of Ultrasonography in the Pediatric Patient

Hip Involvement

Knee Involvement

Hand and Foot Involvement

Conclusions

Chapter 18B Lower Limb Enthesis in Children

Enthesis Organ Concept

Ultrasound Features of Normal Entheses In Children

Ultrasound and Enthesitis in Children

Conclusions

Chapter 19 Soft Tissue Rheumatism

Tendon

Ligament

Bursa

Muscle

Fascia

Subcutaneous Tissue

Chapter 20 Shoulder

Ultrasound Equipment

Patient Position

Shoulder Anatomy and Sonoanatomy

Ultrasound Pathology of the Shoulder

Reliability of Shoulder Ultrasound

Chapter 21 Ultrasound in Sports Medicine

Indications

Equipment

Archiving and Communicating

Applications of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Ultrasound Approaches and Strategies in Assessing Sports Injuries

Chapter 22 Vasculitis

Vasculitides by Vessel Size

Vascular Ultrasound for the Rheumatologist

Types of Vasculitis

Conclusions

Part IV Ultrasound Techniques

Chapter 23 Interventional Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Conventional Arthrocentesis

Imaging-Guided Musculoskeletal Intervention

Ultrasound-Guided Injections

Future Directions in Performance and Training

Acknowledgements

Chapter 24 Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Principles of Ultrasound Contrast Agents

Use of Ultrasound Contrast Media in Rheumatic Diseases

Quantification

Clinical Applications of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Advantages and Limitations of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Conclusions

Part V Training and Education

Chapter 25A Training and Education in Rheumatology Ultrasound: Objectives and Challenges

Educational Challenges for Rheumatologists Performing Ultrasound

The Need for an Educational Structure

Rheumatology Ultrasound Training Literature

Essential Steps in Defining a Rheumatology Ultrasound Curriculum

Conclusions

Chapter 25B Training and Education in Rheumatology Ultrasound: European Experience

Training

Competency Assessment

Conclusions

Chapter 25C Training and Education in Rheumatology Ultrasound: American Experience

Acknowledgements

Training

Conclusions

Chapter 25D Training and Education in Rheumatology Ultrasound: Asian Experience

Training

Chapter 25E Training and Education in Rheumatology Ultrasound: Latin American and Caribbean Experience

Conclusions

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Training

Competency Assessment

Survey Results for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Training Courses

Chapter 26 Future Advances in Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Advances in Technology

Applications of Ultrasound

Conclusions

Index

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