Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine Current Therapy

Author: Miller> R. Eric  

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences‎

Publication year: 2007

E-ISBN: 9781416064633

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781416040477

Subject: S85 veterinary medicine (animal)

Keyword: 畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂

Language: ENG

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Description

With expert contributors from around the world sharing their knowledge on 57 new cutting-edge areas of interest, Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Volume 6 continues to provide outstanding coverage of today's most relevant topics. This book is an essential resource in zoo and wild animal medicine, addressing the special challenges posed by individual and herd medical management, newly emerging diseases in diverse wild animal populations, the effect of habitat loss and destruction on wildlife species, and the utilization of zoo animals in the surveillance and detection of potential zoonoses. The user-friendly current therapy approach continues to serve a vital function in the field by fostering a conservation biology ethic, bridging the gap between captive and free-ranging wild animal medicine, from a diverse group of experts.Includes practical guidance on such topics as behavioral training for medical procedures and the use of infrared thermography.Divided into four sections -- Conditions Affecting Multiple Species, Poikilotherms, Avian Medicine, and Mammals -- to help you find the information you need quickly.Extensive contributor list includes multinational contributors offering expert information on species from around the world.Presents timely topics in zoo and wild animal medicine with 57 new chapters to provide the best and most current information available.The most up-to-date information on hot topics such as avian influenza, West Nile virus, and other pathogens threaten

Chapter

CURRENT PROTOCOLS FOR ZOO ANIMALS

CLINICAL FINDINGS

References

Chapter 3. Infrared Thermography in Zoo and Wild Animals

METHOD

TECHNIQUE

ANIMALS AND ENVIRONMENT

SOURCES OF ARTIFACTS

OPTIMAL SETTING

GENERAL FIELDS OF USE

References

Chapter 4. Behavioral Clues for Detection of Illness in Wild Animals: Models in Camelids and Elephants

CAMELIDS

ELEPHANTS

STRESS

References

Chapter 5. Ionophores: Salinomycin Toxicity in Camelids

MECHANISM OF ACTION

ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

MANAGEMENT AND THERAPY

LONG-TERM EFFECTS

PREVENTION

References

Chapter 6. Emerging Diseases at the Interface of People, Domestic Animals, and Wildlife

HUNTING, PETS, AND GLOBALIZED TRADE IN WILDLIFE

EFFECT OF HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH ON AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

ARTHROPOD VECTOR–BORNE DISEASES

RODENT-BORNE DISEASES

INTEGRATED APPROACH TO WORLD HEALTH: ONE WORLD, ONE HEALTH

References

Chapter 7. Behavioral Training for Medical Procedures

FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF A TRAINING PROGRAM

HUSBANDRY-RELATED BEHAVIORS

References

Chapter 8. “Balai” Directive of the European Union: Difficult Veterinary Legislation

THE ORIGINAL “BALAI” DIRECTIVE

INVOLVEMENT OF VETERINARIANS IN REVISION OF DIRECTIVE

DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR APPLYING THE DIRECTIVE

COMPONENTS OF THE REVISED “BALAI” DIRECTIVE

CONSEQUENCES

References

Chapter 9. Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection in Zoo Animals

ETIOLOGY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

PATHOGENESIS

DIAGNOSIS

PREVENTION

ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL

References

Chapter 10. Avian Influenza

DEFINITION AND TYPES

ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

MANAGEMENT, THERAPY, AND PREVENTION

ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL

References

Chapter 11. Disease Management in Ex-Situ Invertebrate Conservation Programs

INVERTEBRATE CONSERVATION AND ZOOS

PLANNING ACCORDING TO EXTINCTION THREATS

PATHOGEN RISKS OF INVERTEBRATE REINTRODUCTIONS

EVALUATING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

PRACTICAL MANAGEMENT OF PATHOGEN RISK IN EX-SITU BREEDING PROGRAMS

TARGETED DISEASE MONITORING

ZOOLOGIC EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION MEDICINE

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 12. Use of Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers as Monitors of Ecosystem Health

PRIMUM NON NOCERE (FIRST DO NO HARM)

CONSERVATION MEDICINE

EDUCATION, PUBLIC AWARENESS, AND PUBLIC POLICY

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 13. Biopsy Darting

REMOTE BIOPSY TECHNIQUES

BIOPSY DARTING EQUIPMENT

DART SELECTION

References

Chapter 14. Selected Fish Diseases in Wild Populations

UNDERSTANDING THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON FISH HEALTH

DISEASE INVESTIGATION

SELECTED DISEASES

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Suggested Reading

Chapter 15. Spring Viremia of Carp Virus

DIAGNOSIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

SAMPLE COLLECTION

DISINFECTION

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 16. Veterinary Participation in Puerto Rican Crested Toad Program

CONSERVATION

DISEASES

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

SURGERY

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DISEASE CONTROL AND PRE-RELEASE SCREENING

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 17. Amphibian Chytridiomycosis

CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS AND AMPHIBIAN POPULATION DECLINES

PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

DISEASE CONTROL AND TREATMENT

QUARANTINE AND REINTRODUCTION PROGRAMS

Amphibian Disease Website

References

Chapter 18. Raising Giant Tortoises

UNIQUE ANATOMY

CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF GIANT TORTOISES

NUTRITION

BREEDING GIANT TORTOISES

GROWTH OF GIANT TORTOISES

RESTRAINT AND HANDLING

NONINFECTIOUS DISEASES IN JUVENILE GIANT TORTOISES

INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN JUVENILE GIANT TORTOISES

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 19. Reptile Protozoa

CRYPTOSPORIDIUM

ENTAMOEBA

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 20. Fluid Therapy in Reptiles

THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS

BLOOD COLLECTION

ROUTES OF FLUID THERAPY

FLUID THERAPY FOR ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES

MONITORING

TRANSFUSION MEDICINE

References

Chapter 21. Salmonellosis in Songbirds (Order Passeriformes)

ETIOLOGY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

THERAPY

PREVENTION

RISKS TO HUMANS AND OTHER ANIMALS

References

Chapter 22. Veterinary Care of Bustards

BIOLOGY

CAPTIVE BREEDING PROJECTS

UNIQUE ANATOMY

WEIGHT AND GENDER

SPECIAL HOUSING REQUIREMENTS

NUTRITION

RESTRAINT AND HANDLING

COMMON SURGICAL TECHNIQUES

DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES

DISEASES

PHARMACEUTIC AGENTS

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 23. Medical Management of Curassows

BIOLOGY

HOUSING

UNIQUE ANATOMY

RESTRAINT AND TESTING

ANTEMORTEM DISEASES

POSTMORTEM FINDINGS

CONCLUSION

Chapter 24. Monitoring Avian Health in the Galápagos Islands: Current Knowledge

LOGISTICS OF FIELD STUDIES IN REMOTE OCEANIC ISLANDS

GENERAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF BIRD POPULATIONS

CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENS

TRAINING PROGRAMS

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDIES AND CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS

References

Chapter 25. Avian Atherosclerosis

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

SPECIES AFFECTED

ETIOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS

DISEASE MANAGEMENT

References

Chapter 26. Minerals and Stork Nutrition

FEEDING MORPHOLOGY, STRATEGY, AND DIGESTION6,26

CHICK GROWTH AND REARING17,23,24

NUTRIENT CONTENT OF FOODS

NUTRIENT RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 27. Veterinary Care of Kiwi

TAXONOMY AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION

IDENTIFICATION16,32

CONSERVATION STATUS

CAPTIVE STATUS

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

BEHAVIOR AND REPRODUCTION

ARTIFICIAL REARING

HOUSING REQUIREMENTS AND ARTIFICIAL INCUBATION/REARING

DIET

HANDLING, SIGNS OF POOR HEALTH, AND IDENTIFICATION

ANESTHESIA

DIAGNOSTIC SAMPLING

DISEASES

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 28. Paramyxoviruses in Bats

DESCRIPTION OF PARAMYXOVIRUSES

BATS AS VIRAL HOSTS

PARAMYXOVIRUSES OF CHIROPTERA

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

DISEASE ECOLOGY AND SPILLOVER MECHANISMS

RESERVOIR HOST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 29. Medical Aspects of Red Squirrel Translocation

BIOLOGY

UNIQUE ANATOMY

RESTRAINT AND HANDLING

ANESTHESIA

DISEASE RISK ANALYSIS

QUARANTINE

HEALTH EXAMINATION BEFORE RELEASE

DISEASE CONTROL

RELEASE TECHNIQUES

POSTRELEASE SURVEILLANCE

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 30. Neuroleptics in Great Apes, with Specific Reference to Modification of Aggressive Behavior in a Male Gorilla

CATEGORIES OF NEUROLEPTICS AND ANTIDEPRESSANTS USED FOR BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION

CAUTIONS, CONTRAINDICATIONS, AND SIDE EFFECTS OF NEUROLEPTICS

USE OF NEUROLEPTICS IN GORILLAS

NEUROLEPTIC DRUGS TO MODERATE AGGRESSION AND FACILITATE INTRODUCTION IN A MALE GORILLA

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 31. Occupational Exposure to Zoonotic Simian Retroviruses: Health and Safety Implications for Persons Working with Nonhuman Primates

SIMIAN RETROVIRUSES

SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (SIV)

TYPE D SIMIAN RETROVIRUS (SRV)

SIMIAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS (STLV)

SIMIAN FOAMY VIRUS (SFV)

GIBBON APE LEUKEMIA VIRUS (GaLV)/SIMIAN SARCOMA VIRUS (SSV)

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ZOONOTIC SIMIAN RETROVIRUS INFECTIONS OF HUMANS

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL NONHUMAN PRIMATE ZOONOSES

EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF A MUCOCUTANEOUS NONHUMAN PRIMATE EXPOSURE

DETERMINATION OF RETROVIRAL STATUS OF NONHUMAN PRIMATE COLLECTIONS

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 32. Neurologic Disorders in Cheetahs and Snow Leopards

NEUROLOGIC DISEASES IN CHEETAHS

NEUROLOGIC DISEASE IN SNOW LEOPARDS

References

Chapter 33. Nutritional Factors Affecting Semen Quality in Felids

PROTEIN AND AMINO ACIDS

FAT

CAROTENOIDS AND VITAMINS

MINERALS: CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS

IMBALANCED DIETS AND FERTILITY IN FELIDS

MUSCLE MEAT DIETS

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 34. Baylisascaris Neural Larva Migrans in Zoo Animals

ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL

EDUCATION

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 35. Use of Analgesics in Exotic Felids

NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS

OPIOIDS

TREATMENT OF ACUTE PAIN

TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN

OTHER AGENTS AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 36. Mycobacterial Diseases in Carnivores

MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS COMPLEX

MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX AND ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIA

References

Chapter 37. Melioidosis in Marine Mammals

ETIOLOGIC AGENTS

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EPIZOOTIOLOGY

CLINICAL FINDINGS

PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT

RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 38. Inflammation in Marine Mammals

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

SAMPLE COLLECTION

EFFECTS OF STRESS

DEHYDRATION AND REPERFUSION

NONINFECTIOUS CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION

INFLAMMATION ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY

ASSESSING INFLAMMATION

References

Chapter 39. Capture and Anesthesia of Otariids in the Wild

UNIQUE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

CAPTURE AND HANDLING

ANESTHESIA MONITORING

INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION AND VENIPUNCTURE

CHEMICAL IMMOBILIZATION

INHALATION ANESTHESIA

ANESTHESIA RECOVERY

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 40. Tissue Cyst-Forming Coccidia of Marine Mammals

PARASITE PREVALENCE

INDIRECT EFFECTS OF PROTOZOAL INFECTION AND DISEASE

ETIOLOGIC AGENT AND TRANSMISSION

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

PATHOLOGY

CLINICAL THERAPY

PREVENTION

ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL

POTENTIAL LAND-SEA CONNECTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PATTERNS

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 41. Algal Bloom Toxicity in Marine Animals

MARINE TOXINS: TARGET TISSUES AND METHODS OF INTOXICATION

DIAGNOSIS OF HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM INTOXICATION

TREATMENT

References

Chapter 42. Elephant Herpesviruses

ETIOLOGY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

THERAPY

PREVENTION

References

Chapter 43. Tuberculosis in Elephants

DEFINITION

ETIOLOGY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

MANAGEMENT

PREVENTION

ZOONOTIC CONSIDERATIONS

PERSONNEL HEALTH AND SAFETY

CONSIDERATIONS FOR WILD POPULATIONS

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 44. Neonatal Elephant Mortality

STILLBIRTHS AND DYSTOCIAS

CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES

VIRAL DISEASES

MATERNAL REJECTION AND AGGRESSION

TRAUMA

HAND-REARED CALVES

INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND SEPSIS

GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

MEANS OF IMPROVING SURVIVABILITY OF ELEPHANT CALVES AND FUTURE RESEARCH

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 45. Health Care and Management of Working Elephants in Myanmar (Burma)

HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS

WORKING ELEPHANT HEALTH CARE AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS

CONCLUSION

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 46. Camelids Are Not Ruminants

WHY BE CONCERNED?

CLASSIFICATION AND EVOLUTION

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CAMELIDS AND RUMINANTS

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 47. Uroliths and Gastroenteroliths in Camelids

CONCRETIONS OF URINARY TRACT

GASTROINTESTINAL CONCRETIONS

References

Chapter 48. Congenital and Hereditary Conditions of Camelids

TERMINOLOGY

CAMELID GENETICS

TERATOGENESIS

HEREDITARY TRAITS

CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS

DETECTION OF INHERITED TRAITS

BREEDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

CONGENITAL CONDITIONS

SKELETAL DEFECTS

References

Chapter 49. Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia, and Rumenitis in Exotic Ruminants

REVIEW OF MINERAL METABOLISM

RUMEN ACIDOSIS AND RUMENITIS

CLINICAL SYNDROME IN EXOTIC UNGULATES

References

Chapter 50. Diseases of Chamois

BIOLOGY

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

FEEDING AND HOUSING

REPRODUCTION

RESTRAINT AND HANDLING

DIAGNOSTICS

DISEASES

References

Chapter 51. Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Hoofstock

BACKGROUND

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS

TREATMENT AND CONTROL

ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 52. Tuberculosis in Michigan Deer

HISTORY AND BACKGROUND

CONTINUED SURVEILLANCE

MANAGEMENT EFFORTS

FUTURE MANAGEMENT POSSIBILITIES

References

Chapter 53. Chronic Wasting Disease of Cervid Species

ETIOLOGY

EPIDEMIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS AND COURSE

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

CONTROL

PREVENTION

References

Chapter 54. Heartwater (Ehrlichia ruminantium)

DISEASE DEFINITION

EPIDEMIOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT AND CONTROL

PREVENTION

References

Chapter 55. The Nutrition of “Browsers”

BROWSERS ARE HERBIVORES FIRST

BROWSERS ARE DIFFERENT

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GRAZERS AND BROWSERS

PRACTICAL FEEDING

CONCLUSION

References

Chapter 56. Side Effects of Etorphine and Carfentanil in Nondomestic Hoofstock

OPIOID AGENTS

PREANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS

ANESTHETIC AND CARDIOPULMONARY EFFECTS

MONITORING

CORRECTIVE MEASURES

RECOVERY

References

Chapter 57. Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Nondomestic Felids

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROTEINURIA

HYPERTENSION

UREMIA

References

Index

Color Plate Section

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