Chapter
1 Introduction and Overview of Lime
History, Origin and Distribution
Challenges and Future Perspectives
2 Systematic Classification, Distribution and Botany
Systematic Classification of Limes
Biochemical and molecular studies
Major groups of cultivated limes
Mexican lime (C. aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle)
Persian lime (C. latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka)
Palestine sweet lime: Citrus limettioides Tan.
Lemonimes (lemon × lime hybrids)
Blood lime and other Australian limes
3 Advances in Lime Breeding and Genetics
Germplasm Resources and Biodiversity
West Indian/Key lime/Mexican lime/Kaghzi nimbu
Tahiti lime/Persian lime/Bearss lime
Cultivar Improvement through Breeding and Genetics
Rootstock and scion improvement
Criteria for scion improvement
Criteria for rootstock improvement
Development of improved cultivars by different techniques
Use of biotechnology and genetic engineering for improvement of acid limes
Genomes, transcriptomes and proteomes
Marker assisted selections
4 Growth, Development and Reproductive Physiology of the Mexican Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Christm (Swingle))
Lime Flowering Management
5 Propagation and Nursery Certification
Seed sowing and pre-sowing seed treatment
Propagation through tissue culture
Establishment of aseptic cultures
Multiplication of propagula
Preparation for re-establishment of plants in the soil
Nursery Production Systems, Registration and Certification
Nursery production systems
Rootstock seedling production
Propagation (grafting and microbudding)
Nursery registration and certification
Recent Trends and Future Directions
6 Planning and Orchard Establishment
Soil requirements and reclamation practices
Location, labour, transportation and other utilities
Topography and land preparation
Water quality and quantity
Selection of Rootstock and Scion Cultivars
Plant spacing and layout systems
Square and quincunx systems
Rectangular and triangular systems
Single and double hedge row systems and high-density plantations (HDP)
Digging and Refilling of Pits
Selection and Planting of the Plant Material
7 Irrigation and Fertilization Management in Lime Trees
Micro Irrigation-based Fertigation
Diagnosis and Management of Nutrient Constraints
Deficiency symptoms as markers of diagnosis
Leaf analysis as a diagnostic tool
Soil type: Vertic Ustochrept
Soil type: Typic Haplustert
Optimum fertilizer requirement
Competition critical period
Green manure and mulching
Correction of soil acidity – liming
Planting and young tree fertilization
Fertilization of mature trees
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
9 Precision Agriculture in Lime: Potential for Application of Precision Agriculture Technologies in Lime Cropping Systems
Precision Agriculture Technologies
Soil and Crop Variability in Spatial and Temporal Dimensions
Management of Spatial Variability to Optimize Crop Productivity
Map based management for variable rate applications
Benefits of Precision Agriculture in the Lime Group
10 Plant Protection: Lime Diseases and Insect Pests
Witches’ broom disease of lime
Gummosis and foot/root rot
Leafhopper – Hishimonus phycitis (Distant 1908) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Asian citrus psyllid – Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Whitefly – Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Citrus leaf miner – Phyllocnistis citrella (Stainton 1856) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Citrus thrips – Scirtothrips citri (Moulton 1909) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Brown citrus aphid – Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy 1907) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
11 Innovative Production Technologies
Remote Sensing Technology in Citrus Groves
Scope of Robotics in Production of Limes
Use of Nanoparticles in Citrus Production
Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Plan
Irrigation Decisions and Integrated Nutrient Management
Innovative Fertilizer Application Techniques in Citrus
Leaf age, turgor and foliar nutrition
Nutrient deficiency and efficiency of foliar nutrition
External factors affecting foliar nutrition
Synthetic Plant Growth Stimulants and Their Use in Citrus
Application of plant growth regulators in citrus nurseries
Effect of PGRs on flowering
Fruit retention, fruit size and tree yield
Good Agricultural Practices in Lime Plantations
Organic Production of Limes
Extent of production and economic considerations
Production methods and soil quality
Pest management: weeds, insects, diseases
Conclusions and Considerations for Future Research
12 Harvesting and Post-harvest Management
Fruit Maturity and Grade Standards
Respiration rate and ethylene production
Harvesting Methods and Techniques
Post-harvest Pack House Operations
Initial inspection and bin dumping
Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage
Post-harvest Disorders and Diseases
Conclusions and Future Prospects
13 Traditional/Commercial Uses and Future Dynamics
Lime Processing and Value Addition
Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity
Anti-proliferative effects
Pharmacological Activities
Cytochrome P450 inhibitory effects
Industrial Products of Lime
Jam, jelly and pickle of lime
The Lime
：Botany, Production and Uses
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