Recent Developments in Phytomedicine Technology ( New Developments in Medical Research )

Publication series :New Developments in Medical Research

Author: Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas;Cristiane Cardoso Correia Teixeira;Cristina Mara Zamarioli  

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.‎

Publication year: 2017

E-ISBN: 9781536120004

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781536119770

Subject: R4 Clinical Medicine

Keyword: 临床医学

Language: ENG

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Recent Developments in Phytomedicine Technology

Chapter

Analysis and Quantification of Secondary Metabolites in Natural Matrixes and Its Products

Gas-Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography

Hyphenated Techniques

Conclusion

References

Chapter 3

The Quality by Design (QbD) Approach to the Development of Modern Phytomedicines

Abstract

Introduction

How to Develop Phytomedicines Ensuring Internationally Harmonized Quality?

QbD Principles

QbD Development

QbD Application to Phytopharmaceuticals

Extraction

Drying

References

Chapter 4

The Importance of Experimental Design in the Standardization for Developing Analytical Methodologies

Abstract

Introduction

Location of Experimental Design within the Methodology to Develop and Standardize Analytical Methods

Analytical Target Profile (ATP)

Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs)

Optimization and Development Method with DOE

Method Operable Design Region (MODR)

Control Strategy and Risk Assessment

AQbD Validation Method

Continuous Method Monitoring (CMM)

Development of Analytical Methodologies

Brief Observations on Chromatography

Technical Terms of Chromatography

Experimental Design Applications to Standardize the Development of Analytical Methodologies

Conclusion

References

Chapter 5

The Extraction of Bioactives from Plants

Abstract

Introduction

Soxhlet

Percolation

Maceration

Digestion

Dynamic Maceration

Re-Maceration

Turbo Extraction

Counter Current and Other Moving Bed Extractors

Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Microwave

Ultrassound

References

Chapter 6

Recent Developments in Drying Extracts

Abstract

Introduction

Fundamental Aspects: Drying Pharmaceutical Products

Moisture Content

Dry Bulb and Wet Bulb Temperature

Dew Point Temperature

Vapor Pressure

Relative Humidity (%RH)

Bound and Unbound Moisture

Water Activity

Drying Mechanism

Equilibrium Moisture Content and Sorption Isotherms

Behavior of Solids During the Drying Process

Classification of Drying Operations

Selecting Drying Equipment

Drying Equipment

Fluidized Bed Dryer

Freeze Drying

Spray Drying

Spray Congealing

Spray Freeze Dryer and Fluid Bed Atmospheric Spray Freeze Drying

Excipients for Dried Medicinal Extracts

Evaluating the Pearson and Spearman Correlations Among the Dried Extracts Characteristics

Decision-Making

References

Chapter 7

Recent Development in Preparation Methods of Polymeric Micro/Nanoparticle and Solid Lipid Carries to Phytomedicine

Abstract

Introduction

Delivery System of Phytomedicine

Polymeric Micro/Nanoparticles

Emulsion Evaporation Method

Ionic Gelation

Spray-Drying Method

Solid Lipid Carriers

High-Pressure Homogenization

Hot Homogenization

Cold Homogenization

High Shear Homogenization or Ultrasonication

Emulsification-Solvent Evaporation

Phase Inversion Temperature (PIT) Method

References

Chapter 8

Recent Developments in Experimental Methods of Liposomal Production

Abstract

I. General Considerations and Concepts

1. Introduction

2. Liposome Structure and Composition

3. Classification and Types of Liposomes

II. Liposomes as Phytomedicines: Liposomes versus Phytosomes

III. Liposome Preparation Methods

1. Conventional Methods

1.1. Mechanical Dispersion: Preparation and Hydration of a Thin Lipid Film Followed by Size and Lamellarity Reduction

1.2. Solvent Dispersion: Reverse-Phase Evaporation

1.3. Solvent Dispersion: Solvent Injection

1.4. Detergent Removal via Dialysis

2. Novel Methods of Liposome Production

2.1. Dual Asymmetric Centrifugation Method

2.2. Membrane Contactor Method

2.3. Freeze-Drying Double Emulsion

2.4. Supercritical Fluid Technique

2.5. Microfluidics

IV. Factorial Design for Liposome Production

Conclusion

Chapter 9

Standardization and Quality Control

of Herbal Medicines

Abstract

Introduction

The Quality and Standardization of

Herbal Drugs

Identity

Macroscopic Analysis

Microscopic Analysis

DNA Fingerprints

Purity

Foreign Materials

Water Content

Ash (Total, Sulfated and Insoluble in Acid)

Total Content of Extractives Material

Other Assays: Swelling Indices, Bittering and Foam

Microbiological Parameters

Agrochemicals and Pesticides

Heavy Metals

Radioactive Analysis

The Analyses of Chemical Markers

Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Analysis

The Standardization and Quality of

Herbal Medicines

Standardization of Herbal Medicines

Strategies for Herbal Medicines Standardization

The Chemometric Techniques and the Analysis of Complex Mixtures

Pattern Recognition

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA)

Multivariate Calibration

Standardized Extracts by

Pharmacological Activity

Development, Production and Quality Control of Herbal Medicines

References

Editors Contact Information

Index

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