Microbiology and Biotechnology for a Sustainable Environment ( Microbiology Research Advances )

Publication series :Microbiology Research Advances

Author: Vikas Kumar;Gulab Singh;Neeraj K. Aggarwal  

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.‎

Publication year: 2017

E-ISBN: 9781536120950

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781536120769

Subject: Q93 Microbiology

Keyword: 微生物学

Language: ENG

Access to resources Favorite

Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.

Microbiology and Biotechnology for a Sustainable Environment

Chapter

Chapter 3

Bacterial Assisted Phytoremediation: The Role of Plants and Rhizosphere Bacteria for Remediation of Industrial Pollutants

Abstract

Introduction

Rhizosphere and Rhizosphere Bacteria

Interactions in Rhizosphere

Plant-Bacteria Interaction

Heavy Metal-Bacteria Interaction and Its Mobilization in Rhizosphere

Bacterial Production of Carboxylic Acid Anions

Bacterial Production of Siderophores

Bacterial Production of ACC Deaminase Enzyme

Bacterial Production of the Plant Hormone IAA

Rhizosphere Bacteria Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals

Tolerance Mechanism of Rhizoshphere Bacteria in Heavy Metal Stress

Rhizosphere Bacteria Assisted Phytoremediation of Organic Pollutants

Conclusion

References

Chapter 4

The Impact of Phytohormone and Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes against Abiotic Stress in Crop Plants for Sustainability

Abstract

Introduction

Soil Microbes As Plant Growth Regulators (PGRS)

Plant Growth Promotion: Mechanism of Action

Role of PGPR in Abiotic Stress for Crop Plants

Drought Tolerance

Salinity Tolerance

High Temperature Sensitivity

Heavy Metal Stress

Chilling Stress

Nutrient Uptake and Nitrogen Availability

Future Perspectives of PGPR for Sustainable Agriculture

References

Chapter 5

The Structural Features of Enzymes Used in Biodegradation

Abstract

Introduction

Sustainability

Biodegradation

Role of Microbes in Biodegradation

Factors Effects the Biodegradation of Toxic Compounds

Enzymes in Biodegradation

Factors Effects the Usage of Enzymes

Physical Environment

Genetic Engineering and Immobilization

Substrate Specificity

Reproducibility

Lack of Adaptability

Cost

Structural Biological Approach in Biodegradation

Structural Features of Enzymes Used in Biodegradation

Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2)

Three Dimensional Structural Features of Laccases

Substrate Specificity and Mutagenesis in Laccases

Peroxidases (EC 1.11.1.7)

Structural Features of Peroxidases

Active Site Architecture

Mn2+ Binding Site

Ca2+ Binding Site

N-Glycosylation Site

Heme Geometry and Environment

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 6

Heavy Metals in the Environment and Their Microbial Bioremediation

Abstract

Introduction

Heavy Metals: Sources and Hazards

Heavy Metals in Water

Heavy Metals in Soil

Heavy Metal in the Environment

Hazards of Heavy Metals

Arsenic: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effect

Cadminum: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effects

Mercury: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effects

Lead: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effect

Chromium: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effects

Nickle: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effects

Copper: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effect

Barium: Occurrence, Uses and Health Effects

Bioremediation

Advantages of Bioremediation

Disadvantages of Bioremediation

Types of Bioremediation

In-Situ Bioremediation

Type of In-Situ Bioremediation

Intrinsic In-Situ Bioremediation

Engineered In-Situ Bioremediation

Advantages of In-Situ Bioremediation

Limitations of In-Situ Bioremediation

Ex-Situ Bioremediation

Solid Phase Treatment

Slurry Phase Treatment

Advantage of Ex-Situ Bioremediation

Disadvantage

Microorganisms Used in Bioremediation

Genetically Modified Microorganisms

Advantages of Genetically Modified Organisms

Hazards of Genetically Modified Micoorganisms

Conclusion

References

Chapter 7

Recent Innovative Approaches and Roles of Microbes Towards Eco-Friendly Remediation of Heavy Metals

Abstract

What Is Heavy Metal?

Heavy Metals in Environment

Sources of Heavy Metal Pollution

Toxicity of Heavy Metals

Conventional Techniques for Heavy Metal Removal

Chemical Precipitation

Coagulation and Flocculation

Ion Exchange

Reverse Osmosis (RO)

Membrane Filtration

Electrochemical Treatments

Electrolysis

Electrodialysis

Photocatalytic Process

Adsorption

Conventional Treatment and Disadvantages

The Need of Novel Technology

Biological Methods

Other Materials

Factors Affecting Adsorption

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Living Biomass

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Non-Living Biomass

Improvement of Efficiency of Metal Removal by Sorbents

Modification of Biosorbents

Immobilization of Biomass

Regeneration of Biomass

Characterization of Biomass Surface

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Analysis

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Analyses

Conclusion

References

Chapter 8

The Application of Microorganisms in Consolidated Bioprocessing of Biomass for Bioethanol Production

Abstract

Introduction

Scheme of Ethanol Production from Lignocellulose

Process Configurations for Cellulosic Ethanol Production

Economic Benefits of CBP

Microorganisms in CBP Process

Microorganisms with Native Cellulolytic Capabilties (Category I Microorganisms)

Microorganisms with Native Ethanologenic Capabilties (Category II Microorganisms)

Consortium Mediated CBP

Future Perspectives

References

Chapter 9

Applications of Microbial Technology in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Abstract

Introduction

Pulping

Bio-Pulping

Effect of Bio-Pulping on Chemical Composition of Raw Materials

Environmental Benefits of Bio-Pulping

Energy Saving and Superior Paper Properties

Pulp Bleaching

Chemicals Used in Bleaching

Biobleaching

Deinking of Waste Paper

Conventional Chemical Deinking

Enzymatic Deinking

Ink Degrading Enzymes

Fibre Attacking Enzymes

Starch Degrading Enzymes

Advantages of Enzymatic Deinking over Conventional Deinking

Pulp Refining

Enzymatic Refining

Conclusion

References

Chapter 10

Environmental Management by Microbes through Poly 𝜷-Hydroxybutyrate Production

Abstract

Introduction

Strategy for Management of Organic Waste Materials

Landfill

Leachate

Dangerous Gases

Infections

Thermal Disposal- Incineration/Combustion

Plasma Gasification

Biological Waste Treatment

Composting

Anaerobic Digestion

Conversion of Waste Materials into Valuable Product

What Is PHB?

PHB Production Using Different Waste Materials

PHB Production Form Agro Industry Waste

PHA Production Form Molasses

Food Industry Waste and PHB Production

Dairy Waste for PHB Production

PHAs Production from Fats, Vegetable Oils and Waste Cooking Oils

PHA Production from Biodiesel Waste Glycerol

PHA Production from Pulp and Paper Industry Waste

Tannery Effluent and PHA Production

Distilleries Effluent and PHA Production

PHA Production from Textile, Cosmetics Co-Products and Toxic Substrates

PHA Production from Organic Matter Contained in Activated Sludge, Liquid Wastes and Wastewaters

Conclusion and Future Prospective

References

Chapter 11

The Role of Microbial Biosensors in Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

Introduction

Construction of Biosensor

Microbial Biosensor

Microbial Whole Cell as Biological Component

Whole Cell Biosensors for Environmental Pollutants

BOD Biosensors

Commercially Available BOD Biosensors

Pesticide Biosensors

Heavy Metal Biosensors

Biosensors for PCB, PAH and Other Environmental Pollutants

Conclusion

References

About the Editors

List of Contributors

Index

The users who browse this book also browse