Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

Introduction: Cardiotoxicity of Chemotherapeutic Agents

Introduction

References

Chapter 2

Alkylating Agents

Cyclophosphamide

Ifosphamide (IFS)

Carboplatin

Busulfan

Altretamine (Hexalen)

Procarbazine

References

Chapter 3

Antimetabolites

5-Fluorouracil

Raltitrexed (Tomudex)

Cytosine Arabinoside (Cytarabine or Ara-C)

Gemcitabine

Pentostatin

Other Antimetabolites

References

Chapter 4

Antitumor Antibiotics: Bleomycin and Mitoxantrone

Bleomycin

Mitoxantrone

References

Chapter 5

Antitumor Antibiotics: Anthracyclines, a Mechanism of Cardiotoxicity

Anthracyclines (Daunorubicin and Doxorubicin)

Mechanisms of Anthracycline Toxicity

i. Reactive Oxygen Species and Redox Cycling

ii. Calcium Exchange Channels

iii. Role of GATA4

iv. Changes in Endogenous Adaptive Reserve of the Heart

v. Role of Topoisomerase 2β

vi. Role of Neuregulin-1, ErbB2, and ErbB4 Signalling

References

Chapter 6

Antitumor Antibiotics: Anthracyclines, Cardiotoxicity and Associated Risk Factors

Cardiotoxicity Caused by Anthracyclines

i. Electrocardiogram (EGC) Changes and Arrhythmias Associated with Anthracycline Use

ii. Chronic Cardiomyopathy

iii. Sub-Clinical Cardiotoxicity

Risk Factors Associated with Poor Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes

References

Chapter 7

Antitumor Antibiotics: Anthracyclines and Minimizing Cardiotoxicity

Approaches to Minimize Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity

1. Pharmacokinetic Approaches for Cardiac Prevention

2. Pharmacogenetic Approaches for Cardiac Prevention

3. Chemo Protectants and Adjunctive Therapies to Reduce Cardiotoxicity

References

Chapter 8

Antitumor Antibiotics: Newer Anthracyclines

New Anthracyclines

References

Chapter 9

Microtubule Inhibitors

Microtubule Inhibitors

Paclitaxel

Docetaxel

Vinca Alkaloids

Eribulin

Ixabepilone

References

Chapter 10

Hormonal Therapy

Estrogens

Aromatase Inhibitors

Progestins

Tamoxifen

Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Flutamide

Leuprolide

Cyproterone Acetate

References

Chapter 11

Immunotherapy

Interleukin

Interferon

References

Chapter 12

Monoclonal Antibodies

Trastuzumab

Rituximab

Alemtuzumab

Bevacizumab

Cetuximab

Gemtuzumab

Ibritumomab

Tositumomab

References

Chapter 13

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

Imatinib

Dasatinib

Nilotinib

Sunitinib

Sorafenib

Lapatinib

Erlotinib and Geftinib

Other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

References

Chapter 14

Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitors and Miscellaneous Drugs

Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitors

Irinotecan (CAMPTOSAR) and Topotecan (Hycamtin)

Other Miscellaneous Drugs

Tretinoin

Arsenic Trioxide (Trisenox)

References

About the Editors

Index

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