Description
A truly interdisciplinary clinical text, Clinical Neuroradiology investigates the structure-function relationship for major CNS diseases, illustrated by considering actual clinical cases. Authored by a leading neuroradiologist, this landmark publication provides neuroradiologists with clinical neurological correlates and neurologists with imaging correlates for all key neurological conditions. Organised by brain region, each chapter contains an introductory section of clinically relevant neuroanatomy followed by a series of case studies giving: • Brief history and summary of findings • Differential diagnosis • Imaging findings, related to clinical deficits • Pertinent neuronal circuits, neurochemistry and neurogenetics • Basic therapeutic approaches to each syndrome Due to its utility in demonstrating structural-functional correlates, a separate chapter on stroke is included. Lavishly illustrated with images from all modalities and outstanding anatomical diagrams rendered in true radiographic (rather than 'upside-down' anatomic) orientation, Clinical Neuroradiology is an invaluable resource for everyone involved in the diagnosis and management of neurological disorders.
Chapter
Level of the pyramidal decussation
Level of sensory (lemniscal) decussation
Level of the inferior olives and inferior cerebelar peduncles
Corticocerebellar fibers (corticopontine fibers with connections to the cerebellar hemispheres)
The sensory lemniscal system
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)
Syndromes of the basis pontis
Syndromes of the pontine tegmentum
Classification systems of pontine stroke
Anatomy of the caudal midbrain
Anatomy of the rostral midbrain
Definition and nomenclature of the basal ganglia
A general overview of basal ganglia connectivity
A few facts about basal ganglia neurons
A slightly more detailed view of basal ganglia connectivity
The direct pathway (Fig. 5.5): cortex–putamen–GPi–thalamus–cortex
The indirect pathway: cortex–putamen–GPe–STN–GPi–thalamus–cortex
Minor outputs of the basal ganglia motor loop
Other cortex-striatum loops and other basal ganglia functions
Dorsolateral prefrontal loop
Lateral orbitofrontal loop
Abnormal T2-weighted hyperintensity
Abnormal T1-weighted hyperintensity
Abnormal T2-weighted hypointensity
Internal anatomy of the thalamus (Fig. 6.2)
Functional categorization of thalamic nuclei
Internal circuitry of the thalamus
Thalamic vascular territories
The hypothalamus and the pituitary
Internal organization of the hypothalamus
Anterior (or supraoptic) region
Tuberal (or middle) region
Mammillary (or posterior) region
Basal forebrain and prefrontal cortex
Periaqueductal gray matter
Tegmental brainstem nuclei
Circadian rhythms and sleep
Memory and other limbic functions
Unimodal association areas
Multimodal association areas
8 Stroke - imaging and therapy
Non-contrast CT in acute stroke
Hypodensity of the gray matter and loss of the gray-white matter differentiation
Dense vessels indicating intravascular clot
Diffusion-weighted (DWI) MRI
Perfusion-weighted (PWI) MRI
Intravenous thrombolysis: the basics
The NIHSS, described above
The modified Rankin Score (mRS)
The Glasgow Outcome Scale
The time to treatment: the 3-hour thrombolysis window
Findings on the pre-treatment head CT and the '1/3 of the MCA' rule
Intra-arterial thrombolysis
Combination of intra-arterial and intravenous (bridging) thrombolytic therapy
Alternative thrombolytic agents
Mechanical clot retrieval
Extending the thrombolysis time window: diffusion–perfusion MRI and the ischemic penumbra model
Refining the PWI-DWI mismatch model: DWI reversibility and infarct threshold analysis
Clinical Neuroradiology
：A Case-Based Approach
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