Creativity and Reason in Cognitive Development

Author: James C. Kaufman; John Baer  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2006

E-ISBN: 9780511189975

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521843850

Subject: B842 心理过程与心理状态

Keyword: 心理学

Language: ENG

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Creativity and Reason in Cognitive Development

Description

To what extent do creativity and imagination decline in childhood? What factors might influence a decline? Theories of cognitive development show only uni-directional progress (although theorists may disagree whether such progress occurs steadily in small continuous improvements or comes in stages separated by plateaus during which developmental gains are consolidated). Declines in levels of skill are quite uncommon, yet many have observed just such an unusual pattern with regard to the development of creativity and of the imagination. Is there something about the development of one kind of thinking that undermines imaginative and creative thinking? Is it perhaps the process of schooling itself, with its focus on the acquisition of knowledge and the production of correct (rather than imaginative) answers, which promotes this decline? This book explores these questions from a variety of perspectives. Essays from psychologists and educators from diverse backgrounds discuss the relationships among creativity, reason, and knowledge.

Chapter

expertise and creativity: case studies

The Demands of Expertise: Practice and the 10-Year Rule in Creative Thinking

Case Studies of Development of Creativity: Composition of Music

Practice and Creativity

case studies of expertise and creativity in the visual arts

Picasso

Calder's Mobiles

Pollock's Poured Paintings

Expertise and Creativity in the Arts: Conclusions

expertise and innovation in science and technology

The Double Helix

The Wright Brothers' Invention of the Airplane

Edison and the Light Bulb

case studies of expertise in creativity: summary

expertise and insight in problem solving

expertise and creative thinking: conclusions

References

2 Creative Genius, Knowledge, and Reason: The Lives and Works of Eminent Creators

knowledge

Expertise Acquisition: Creative Potential

Expert Performance: Creative Productivity

reason

The Age Curve: A Mathematical Model

Quantity versus Quality: The Equal-Odds Rule

conclusion

References

3 Dynamic Processes Within Associative Memory Stores: Piecing Together the Neural Basis of Creative Cognition

associative memory networks in creative cognition

processes underlying the modification of associative hierarchies

associate suppression and retrieval-induced forgetting

inhibition and disinhibition in creative cognition

conclusions

acknowledgments

References

4 The Creativity of Everyday Moral Reasoning: Empathy, Disgust, and Moral Persuasion

the moral circle

reason and emotion in the expansion of the moral circle

empathy and moral thought

disgust and moral thought

creativity and moral persuasion

source 1: moral persuasion through the creative use of language

source 2: moral persuasion through the creative use of images

source 3: moral persuasion through the creative use of stories, songs, and films

conclusion: reasoning, creativity, and emotion in moral judgment

References

5 Reasoning and Personal Creativity

Personal Creativity

Values Directing Reasoning

Development and the Creativity of Children

Misjudgment and the Recognition of Creativity

Insight, Rationality, and Perfect Knowledge

Discussion

References

6 Alternative Knowledge Structures in Creative Thought: Schema, Associations, and Cases

Knowledge Systems

Process Execution

Interactions

conclusions

acknowledgments

References

7 The Role of the Knowledge Base in Creative Thinking

knowledge

learning and development of the knowledge base

conclusion

References

8 The Role of Domain Knowledge in Creative Problem Solving

definitions

role of factual knowledge in mathematical problem solving

role of conceptual knowledge in mathematical problem solving

role of strategic knowledge in mathematical problem solving

role of procedural knowledge in mathematical problem solving

role of metacognitive knowledge in mathematical problem solving

conclusion

acknowledgment

References

9 Creative Thinking and Reasoning: Can You Have One Without the Other?

reasoning

Reasoning and Motivation

creativity/creative thinking

Creativity and Motivation

creative thinking and reasoning

conclusions

Implications for Research

Implications for Practice

References

10 From Alexithymia, Borne of Trauma and Oppression, to Symbolic Elaboration, the Creative Expression of Emotions, and Ration

the development of emotional expression, normal and pathological

interhemispheric transfer deficit theory

the alexithymic personality

the development of complex emotions

symbolic elaboration: the case of envy and related emotions

Envy, Ambition, and Confidence Defined as Tertiary Emotions

Aggression: Destructive and Creative

discussion: creativity, affect, and rationality

References

11 Opening up Creativity: The Lenses of Axis and Focus

background

Axis 1: Vertical and Horizontal Dimensions of Creativity

Axis 2: Focus on Modular Tasks or Broad Situations

horizontal and vertical creativity in dance and law

creativity and expertise interaction in the subdomains of Law

creativity and expertise interaction in the subdomains of law

Box 1-Vertical Creativity, General-Situation Expertise: Small-Town Law.

Box 2-Horizontal Creativity, Broad-Situational Expertise: Cyberlaw

Box 3-Vertical Creativity, Modular-Task Expertise: Trust

Box 4- Horizontal Creativity, Modular-Task Expertise: Mergers and Acquisitions

Creativity and Expertise in Dance

discussion

The Matrix Revisited

Individual Variation

Temporal Dynamics

Educational Implications

acknowledgments

References

Developmental and Educational Perspectives

12 Creativity in Young Children's Thought

nonconventional language use

Overextensions

Metaphoric Language

pretense

theory construction

Innate Potential

Reasoning About Insides

generalizing from specifics

Category-Based Induction

Generic Language

conclusion

acknowledgments

References

13 A Young Artist's Story: Advancing Knowledge and the Development of Artistic Talent and Creativity in Children

Views of Artistic Development in Children

The Development of Children's Artistic Talent and Creativity

Educational Intervention and Children's Changing Artistic Process and Products

Eric: An Artist in the Making

conclusions

References

14 Is It Reasonable to Be Creative?

creativity and reasoning in childhood

creativity and reasoning in adolescence

creativity and reasoning in adulthood

Emergence of Postformal Reasoning

Creativity and Dialectical Thinking

implications

conclusions

References

15 Does Culture Always Matter: For Creativity, Yes, for Deductive Reasoning, No!

Mechanisms of Formal Reasoning and Creativity

Cultural Influence on Reasoning and Creativity

discussion

References

16 Higher Level Thinking in Gifted Education

teaching to higher level skills

use of models

creative problem solving

critical thinking

Template for Analyzing the Logic of an Article

combining critical and creative thinking

metacognition

role of mentors

program planning in teaching creativity and critical thinking

conclusion

References

17 The Relationship Among Schooling, Learning, and Creativity: “All Roads Lead to Creativity” or “You Can’t Get There from Here“?

creativity, knowledge, and formal schooling

potential sources of marginalization

the student experience in a teacher-centered classroom

the definitional issue

revisiting the relationship between creativity and learning

concluding thoughts

the role of teacher preparation programs

References

18 How Early School Experiences Impact Creativity: An Ecological Perspective

seeing creativity in early childhood classrooms

A Wider Lens

creativity as a tool for learning

schooling and the development of creativity

Developmental Characteristics

How as Well as What Children Learn

Classroom Contexts

Social and Political Environment

conclusion: it depends

References

19 Conclusions

References

Author Index

Subject Index

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