Chapter
1.2.1.1 NP Layer Preparation and Sensitization
1.2.1.2 NPs and NP Aggregates Synthesized by the Forced Hydrolysis in Polyol Technique
1.2.2 Electrodeposition of ZnO Layers for DSSC Photoelectrodes
1.2.3 Electrodeposition of ZnO Hierarchical Structures for DSSC Photoelectrodes
1.2.4 Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Structures for DSSCs
1.2.5 Photoelectrode Charge Collection and Efficiency Limitations in ZnO-Based DSSC
1.3 ZnO Structures for Perovskite Solar Cells
1.3.1 Presentation of ZnO Perovskite Solar Cells
1.3.2 Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO for PSC
1.3.3 Electrodeposition of ZnO for PSC
1.3.4 Vapor Phase Deposition of ZnO for PSC
1.3.5 ZnO Nanoparticle Films for PSC
1.3.6 Stability of HPs on ZnO
Chapter 2 Synthesis by Low Temperature Solution Processing of Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Thin Films as Candidate Materi...
2.1 Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxides
2.2 Photovoltaic Ferroelectric Perovskites
2.2.1 Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in Perovskites
2.2.2 Photovoltaic Effect in Perovskites by Ferroelectric Domain Walls
2.2.2.1 Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskites
2.2.2.2 Photovoltaic Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Thin Films
2.2.3 Photovoltaic Multiferroic BiFeO3-Based Perovskites
2.2.3.1 Photovoltaic Properties
2.2.3.2 Photocatalytic Activity
2.2.3.4 Photoferroelectric Memories
2.2.4 Benefits, Handicaps and Prospects of Photovoltaic Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Thin Films for Solar Cells
2.3 Low-Temperature Solution Methods for Metal Oxide Films
2.3.1 Low-Temperature Photochemical Solution Deposition (PCSD) methods
2.3.1.1 Effects of UV-Light on Sol-Gel Precursors
2.3.1.2 Synthesis of Photoactive Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Thin Film Precursors
2.3.1.2.1 External Photoactivators
2.3.1.2.2 Modified Metal Alkoxide Reagents
2.3.1.2.3 Aqueous Solution-Gel Precursors
2.3.1.2.4 Charge Transfer Metal Coordination Complexes
2.3.1.2.5 Photocatalysis Assisted Decomposition of Precursors
2.3.2 Low-Temperature Processed Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Thin Films on Plastic Substrates
2.4 Conclusions and Outlook
Section B: Next Generation Solar Cells
Chapter 3 Alternative Binary and Ternary Metal Oxides for Dye- and Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells
3.2.1.1 Tin Oxide Nanoparticles
3.2.1.2 Doped and Core-Shell Tin Oxide Electrodes
3.2.1.3 Tin Oxide Electrodes Combined With QD Sensitizers
3.3.2 Strontium Titanium Oxide
3.3.3 Miscellaneous Ternary Oxides
3.4 p-Type Metal Oxides for Dye Sensitized and Quantum Dots Solar Cells
Chapter 4 Oxide Hole Transport Materials in Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
4.1.1.1 Solution-Processed Undoped NiO
4.1.1.2 Nonsolution-Processed Undoped NiO
Chapter 5 Metal Oxide-Based Charge Extraction and Recombination Layers for Organic Solar Cells
5.2 High Work-Function Metal-Oxide Hole Extraction Layers
5.3 Low Work-Function Metal-Oxide Electron Extraction Layers
5.4 Organic Multijunction Solar Cells With Metal-Oxide Recombination Layers
Chapter 6 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
6.1 Introduction and Historical Overview
6.2 DSSC Operation: Basic Principles
6.2.2 Deleterious Processes
6.2.3 Incident Photon-to-Current Efficiency
6.2.3.1 Light Harvesting Efficiency
6.2.3.2 Electron Injection Efficiency
6.2.3.3 Electron Collection Efficiency
6.2.3.4 Sensitizer Turnover Number
6.2.3.5 Energy Conversion Efficiency
6.3 Redox Mediators in the Electrolyte
6.3.1 Energetics at the Adsorbed Dye-Electrolyte Interface
6.3.1.1 Redox Potential and Fermi Level
6.3.1.2 Energetics of Regeneration and Recombination at the Photoelectrode
6.3.2 Considerations Regarding Successful Redox Mediator Operation
6.3.3 Description of Some Efficient Redox Mediator Systems
6.3.3.2 Cobalt Coordination Complexes
6.3.3.3 Copper Coordination Complexes
6.3.3.4 Nitroxide Radicals
6.4 Organic Solid-State Charge Hole Conductors
6.4.1 General Considerations
6.4.2 Small Molecular Size Hole Conductors
6.4.3 Conducting Polymer Hole Conductors
Chapter 7 Semiconducting Metal Oxides for High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
7.2.1 Evolution of Device Structure and Metal Oxide Selective Contacts
7.2.2 Role of Mesoporous Titania in Perovskite Solar Cell
7.2.3 Change in Morphology of Metal Oxides for Perovskite Solar Cell
7.2.4 Alternative Metal Oxides for n-i-p Structured Perovskite Solar Cell
7.3.1 Evolution of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell
7.3.2 p-Type Metal Oxide in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell
7.3.3 n-Type Metal Oxide in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell and Its Impact on Stability
Chapter 8 Metal Oxides in Photovoltaics: All-Oxide, Ferroic, and Perovskite Solar Cells
8.1 Oxides Within the Photovoltaic Context
8.1.2 From Simple Binary Oxides to More Complex Oxide Compounds With Unique Functionalities
8.2 Oxides as Transparent Conductive Electrodes
8.2.1 An Essential Part of a Solar-Cell
8.2.2 n-Type Transparent Electrodes
8.2.3 p-Type Transparent Electrodes
8.3 Oxide as the Light Harvester
8.3.1 All Oxide Solar Cells
8.3.1.1.1 Homojunction p-n Cu2O Solar Cells
8.3.1.1.2 Cu2O Absorber—Binary Oxide Window
8.3.1.1.3 Cu2O Absorber—Ternary Oxide Window
8.3.1.2 Other All-Oxide Solar Cells
8.3.2 Ferroelectric Oxides for Ferroelectric Photovoltaics
8.3.2.1 Ferroelectricity and Perovskite Oxides
8.3.2.2 LiNbO3 and the BPE
8.3.2.3 The Classical Perovskite BaTiO3 and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
8.3.2.4 Other Ferroelectric Families
8.3.2.5 BiFeO3, Towards Narrower Bandgap
8.3.2.6 Other Narrow Bandgap Ferroelectric Oxides
8.3.2.7 Oxide Heterojunction Solar Cells
8.3.2.7.1 Oxide-Oxide Heterojunctions
8.3.2.7.2 Oxide-Semiconductor Heterojunctions
8.4 Oxides as Transport Layers
8.4.1 Oxides Layers in Thin-Film Photovoltaics
8.4.2 Light Absorber Halide Perovskite Optoelectronic Properties
8.4.3.1 Absorber, Collectors, and Barriers
8.4.3.2 BL Engineering: Conventional or Inverted; Nanostructured, or Planar
8.4.4 Oxide in Nanostructured Perovskite Solar Cells
8.4.4.1 Mesoporous Titania (mp-TiO2)
8.4.4.2 Other Mesoporous Conductive Oxides
8.4.4.3 Mesoporous Insulating Scaffolds
8.4.4.4 Mesoporous Oxides in Inverted Configuration
8.4.4.5 Other Nano-Structures
8.4.5 Oxide Thin-Films in Perovskites Planar Solar Cells
8.4.5.1 Planar Normal Perovskite Solar Cells
8.4.5.2 Planar Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Chapter 9 Graphene Oxide-Like Materials in Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells
9.1 Graphene Oxide-Based Materials for Organic Solar Cells
9.1.1 As Transparent Conductive Electrodes
9.1.2 As Active Layer Components
9.1.2.1 As Electron Acceptors
9.1.2.2 As Additives in Ternary OPVs
9.1.3 As Interconnection Layers
9.2 Graphene Oxide-Based Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
9.2.1 As Transparent Conductive Electrodes
9.2.4 As Active Layer Additive
Chapter 10 Application of Graphene and Graphene Derivatives/Oxide Nanomaterials for Solar Cells
10.2 Graphene/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
10.2.3 Counter-Electrodes
10.3 Graphene/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for Organic Solar Cells
10.3.1 Charge Transport Layers
10.3.2 Transparent Conducting Electrodes
10.3.3 Electron Acceptors in the Active Layer
10.4 Graphene/Metal Oxide Composites for Perovskite Solar Cells
Chapter 11 All-Oxide Solar Cells
11.1 Introduction—Challenges for Large-Scale PV Deployment
11.2 Criteria for Efficient Thin Film Solar Cells
11.3 Oxides in the Current PV Landscape
11.4 Drives for Research in All-Oxide Solar Cells
11.5 Cu2O-Based Solar Cells
11.5.1 Material Properties
11.5.2 Types and PV Performance of Cu2O Solar Cells
11.5.2.1 Schottky Junction Cells
11.5.2.2 Heterojunction and MIS Solar Cells
11.5.2.3 Nanostructured heterojunction cells
11.5.2.4 Homojunction Cells
11.6 Other Oxide-Absorber Solar Cells
11.6.1 CuO (Cupric Oxide) Absorber
11.7 Ferroelectric Oxide Solar Cells
Chapter 12 Oxide Layers in Organic Solar Cells for an Optimal Photon Management
12.2 Inverse Integration Applied to Reach an Optimal Light Absorption
12.3 Multi-junction in a 4-Terminal Configuration
12.3.1 Numerical Design of a 4-Terminal Organic Cell for an Optimal Light Harvesting
12.3.2 Experimental Implementation of 4-Terminal Cell
12.4 Cavity Configuration
12.4.1 Two-Resonance Tapping Cavity Concept
12.4.2 Two-Resonance Tapping Cavity Using Different Oxide Layers as Dielectric Cavity Layer
Section C: Stability of NGPV with SO
Chapter 13 Graphene Oxide for DSSC, OPV and Perovskite Stability
13.1.1 GO for Improving Stability in DSSCs
13.1.2 GO for Improving Stability in OPV
13.1.3 GO for Improving Stability in PSCs
The Future of Semiconductor Oxides in Next-Generation Solar Cells
( Metal Oxides )
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