Cover

Half-title

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface

Conference Photograph

Conference Participants

Part one: Stellar Evolution and Wind Theory

Evolution of massive stars

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The "just massive stars"

3 Very massive stars

3.1 VMS ejecta

3.2 Supernovae from VMS ?

4 Final remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Evolution of AGB Stars with Mass Loss

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 AGB mass loss rates

3 AGB evolution with empirical mass loss rates

4 Time-dependent AGB winds

5 AGB evolution and binary mass transfer

References

The physical theory of winds from hot stars

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The line-driving force

3 The Wolf-Rayet wind momentum problem — a solution

4 Successes and failures of modified CAK theory

5 Wind-shocking and time-dependent theory

Acknowledgements

References

Axisymmetric Outflows from Single and Binary Stars

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The Shaping of Planetary Nebulae

3 Mechanisms that Can Produce a Density Contrast or Axially Symmetric Outflows

3.1 Common Envelope Evolution

3.2 Magnetic Fields

3.3 Rotation and Be Stars

3.4 Rotation and AGB Stars—Common Envelopes,Planets and Brown Dwarfs

3.4-1 Spin-up in a CE phase

3.4-2 Spin-up by brown dicarfs and planets

4 Accretion Disks in Post Common Envelope Binaries

5 Statistics

6 Suggestions

Acknowledgements

References

Flows in Clumpy Circumstellar Media

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Effects on Large Scale Flows

3 The Dynamics of RCW58

4 Planetary Nebula Dynamics

5 Intermediate Length-Scale Structures-Tails

6 Tails in the PNe NGC 7293

7 The Tail of the M Supergiant IRS7

8 Boundary Layer Diagnostics

References

Part two: Wolf-Rayet Ring Nebulae

Ring Nebulae around LBVs and WR stars

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 LBVs and WR stars

3 Formation of LBV and WR nebulae

4 Applications

5 The connection between LBV and WR nebulae

References

The Interstellar Environment of Wolf-Rayet Stars in the LMC: New Survey and Statistics

References

Morphology & Physical Conditions in WR Shell Nebulae

1 Introduction

2 NGC 6888

3 NGC 2359

Acknowledgements

References

Three-Wind Model for Wolf-Rayet Bubbles

1 Introduction

2 Technique and simulation

3 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

High Resolution Coronographic Imaging and Echelle Observations of S119: a new Luminous Blue Variable?1

1 Introduction

2 High Resolution Echelle Observations

2.1 The Systemic Velocity

3 Coronographic Imaging

4 Is S119 a new Luminous Blue Variable?

References

New HST images of Eta Carinae and its surrounding nebulosity

1 Introduction

2 Observations and Data Processing

3 Morphology of the Homunculus

4 The Central Region

5 The Core

Acknowledgements

References

Part three: Supernovae

Observations of Circumstellar Media Around Supernovae

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Old Supernovae

2.1 SN 1957D in M83

2.2 SN 1910G in M101

2.3 SN 1979C in M100

2.4 SN 1980K in NGC 6946

2.5 Summary

3 Strong Interactors

3.1 SN 19863 in NGC 891

3.2 SN 1988Z in MCG 03-28-022

3.3 SN 1989R in UGC 2912

3.4 Summary

4 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Radio Supernovae as Probes of Progenitor Winds

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Modelling the Radio Emission

3 Mass-Loss Rates from the Progenitor Star Systems

4 Classes of Radio Supernovae

4.1 Type la RSNe

4.2 Type Ib/c RSNe

4.3 Type II RSNe

5 Variations on a Central Theme

Acknowledgements

References

Circumstellar Interaction in Supernovae

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Observational evidence for circumstellar interaction

3 Physical processes

3.1 Hydrodynamics

3.2 Radiative emission

4 Early circumstellar interaction

4.1 SN 1981A

4.2 SN 1993J

4-3 Other supernovae

4-4 Abundances

5 Very late emission from supernovae

Acknowledgements

References

2D Hydrodynamic Models of Supernova Progenitor Winds

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Interacting Winds Model

3 Wind Asymmetry

3.1 Stellar Rotation

3.2 Interacting Binary

4 Ring Formation

5 Conclusions

References

Supernovae with dense circumstellar winds

Abstract

References

Compact Supernova Remnants

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 cSNRs, or SNRs evolving in a high density medium

3 Numerical hydrodynamic models

4 Photoionization models

5 Comparison with observations

5.1 SN 1988Z

5.2 SN 1986J

5.3 SN~1955 in M82 (41.9+58)

5.4 SN 1981F

6 Conclusions and future prospects

Acknowledgements

References

The evolution of compact supernova remnants

1 Introduction

2 Numerical Calculations and Results

2.1 General Description

2.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions

2.3 The Time Evolution of Compact SNRs

2.4 Comparison with Observations

3 The nature of the lag

4 Rapid X-Ray Variability in Compact SNRs

4-1 Analytical Description of the X-Ray Bursts.

5 Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements.

References

Massive Supernovae in Binary Systems

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Evolution of Massive Supernova Progenitors in Binaries

2.1 Mass-Loss Models

2.2 Accretion Models

2.3 Merger Models

3 Hydrodynamics of Massive Supernovae in Binaries

4 Application to Recent Supernovae

4.1 SN 1987A

4.2 SN 1993J

Acknowledgements

References

The Progenitor of SN 1993J and its Mass-Loss History

References

Narrow optical emission lines from supernova 1993J

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Observations

3 Results

3.1 The Ha profile

3.2 Profiles of other lines

4 Origin of the Ho emission

Acknowledgements

References

UV Spectroscopy of SN 1993J and Detection of Highly-Ionized Gas Close to the Progenitor

References

Ryle Telescope observations of the radio emission from SN 1993J

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Observations and Results

3 Discussion

References

The Early Radio Emission from SN 1993J

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Results

3 Discussion

4 Conclusions

References

The circumstellar gas around SN 1987A and SN 1993J

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. SN 1987A

3. SN 1993J

Acknowledgements

References

X-ray emission from the collision of supernova ejecta with circumstellar matter:SN 1987A & SN 1993J

1 Introduction

2 SN 1987A

2.1 Hydrodynamical model

2.2 X-ray emission

3 SN 1993J

3.1 Hydrodynamical model

3.2 X-ray emission

Acknowledgements

References

Observations of Interstellar and Intergalactic gas towards SN 1993J in M81

1 Introduction

2 Observations

3 Identification of absorbing regions

3.1 Interstellar gas in M81

3.2 Interstellar gas in the Galaxy

3.3 High Positive velocity gas

References

Part four: Asymptotic Giant Branch stars

Mass Loss from Late Type Stars

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Mass Loss from Late Type Stars

3 Levitating the stellar atmosphere

3.1 Shock waves in AGB Stars

3.2 Acoustic heating in red giants and supergiants

4 Stardust Formation

5 Dusty Winds Driven by Radiation Pressure

Acknowledgements

References

Kinematics and structure of the molecular envelopes around stars on the AGB and beyond

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The physical characteristics of a "standard" CSE

3 Kinematics of the molecular gas

3.1 AGB-CSEs

3.2 Post-AGB CSEs

3.3 PN-CSEs

4 The density structure of the molecular gas

4.1 AGB-CSEs

4.2 Post-AGB CSEs

4.3 PN-CSEs

5 A possible scenario for the evolution of a CSE

Acknowledgements

References

Circumstellar Shells of Long-Period Variables:Dust Formation and Optical Appearance

1 Introduction

2 The modelling method

2.1 Dynamical model calculations

2.2 Radiative transfer calculations

3 Results and discussion

Acknowledgements

References

Observation of circumstellar shells with the IRAM telescopes

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Molecular emission in IRC+10216

3 Chemistry in IRC+10216

4 The very fast outflow in CRL 618

5 Other envelopes

References

Part five: Planetary Nebulae

Morphology and kinematics of Planetary Nebulae

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 PN morphology

2.1 Optical

2.2 PNe in the Magellanic Clouds and globular clusters

2.3 IR, (sub)-mm, and radio

3 PN Kinematics

3.1 Optical

3.2 IR and aub-mm

4 Symbiotics with nebulae

5 Future

6 Acknowledgements

References

FLIERs in elliptical Planetary Nebulae

1 Introduction

2 Observations

3 Physical properties of microstructures

4 Chemical properties of the microstructures

5 Kinematical Behaviour

6 Discussion and Conclusions

References

Circumstellar Dust in Planetary Nebulae and Proto-Planetary Nebulae

1 Introduction

2 Infrared spectra of young PN

3 Infrared spectra of PPN

4 When do the PAH molecules form?

5 Speculations

References

HST Observations of Hydrogen-Poor Ejecta in Abell 30 and Abell 78:Evidence for Mass-Loaded Flows

1 Introduction

2 HST Images of A30 and A78: Cometary Structures

3 HST Spectra of the Central Star of A78

4 Summary

References

The evolution of the neutral envelopes of planetary nebulae

1 Introduction

2 The Molecular Gas in PNe

3 Clumps and the Atomic-Molecular Transition

Acknowledgements

References

Magnetic Shaping of Planetary Nebulae

Abstract

References

The hydrodynamics of aspherical two-wind configurations

Abstract

1 Analytical beginnings

2 Numerical progress

3 Including more physics

4 Puzzles

5 Getting ambitious

6 Use and abuse of models

Acknowledgements

References

Part six: Novae and Symbiotic Stars

Novae and related stars as tracers of mass loss

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Symbiotic Stars

3 Recurrent Novae

4 Classical Novae

4-1 GK Persei - a nova super-remnant

4.2 Recent CN

5 Future directions

Acknowledgements

References

Circumstellar scattering processes in symbiotic systems

1 Circumstellar matter in symbiotic stars

2 Scattering processes in the circumstellar environment of symbiotic stars

3 Polarisation in the Raman scattered lines

4 Outlook

References

Poster Papers Presented

Stellar Evolution and Wind Theory

Wolf-Rayet stars and Luminous Blue Variables

Supernovae

Planetary Nebulae

Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars and their Envelopes

Novae and Symbiotic Stars

Miscellaneous

Author index

Object index