Cover

Half-title

Title

Copyright

Contents

Notes on contributors

Preface

Introduction

I Biology and philosophy: an overview

Introduction

1 The place of biology in Aristotle's philosophy,

2 Aristotle's biological universe: an overview,

THE ZOOLOGICAL UNIVERSE

9. Methodological reorientation

A. Elements of morphology

10. Empedoclean infrastructure

11. From mass to individual: anatomy and physiology,the Parts of Animals

B. Moral-drawing (1): some first principles of morphology

12. First principles of matter

13. First principles of form

3 Empirical research in Aristotle's biology, G. E. R. LLOYD

II Definition and demonstration: theory and practice

Introduction

4 Aristotle's use of division and differentiae, D. M. BALME

I. The reform of diairesis

Platonic division

The reforms

Rules of diairesis quoted in PA 1. 2-3

How to recognize genera and differentiae

II. Aristotle's use of differentiae in zoology

Evidence that Aristotle did not classify sub-genera

The search for causal differentiae

How to recognize genera and differentiae

5 Divide and explain: the Posterior Analytics in practice, JAMES G. LENNOX

I

II

Ill

IV

V

VI

VII

6 Definition and scientific method in Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and Generation of Animals, ROBERT BOLTON

1. Scientific method in Aristotle's biology

2. Empiricism and dialectic in Aristotle's scientific method

3. The method of discovery in the Posterior Analytics

4. Definition and the process of discovery

5. Dialectic and definition in the Analytics

6. Scientific method in the Generation of Animals

7. The place of dialectic in Aristotle's inquiry

8. Aristotle's initial definitions of sperma

9. The final definitions of sperma

7 First principles in Aristotle's Parts of Animals, ALLAN GOTTHELF I

Introduction

Biology as demonstrative science: PA I and GA II.6

The overall structure of PA n-rv

A representative explanation: the multiple stomachsof ruminants

Three types of first principles

Need the syllogistic and axiomatic structures be explicit?

Additional note on PA 1.1 63902i-64oag

III Teleology and necessity in nature

Introduction

8 Aristotle's conception of final causality, ALLAN GOTTHELF

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II

Ill

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

Postscript 1986

I

II

Ill

9 Hypothetical necessity and natural teleology, JOHN M. COOPER

I

II

Ill

10 Teleology and necessity, D. M. BALME

IV Metaphysical themes

Introduction

11 Aristotle's biology was not essentialist, D. M. BALME

The control of an animal's growth

Essence may require a general morphology, but does not predict

The definition of an animal must include all its matter

The equivocity of eidos; form as quantification

Essence and species are explanatory in different ways

Why do species exist and persist?

Appendix 1 Note on the aporia in Metaphysics Z

Appendix 2 The snub

12 Logical difference and biological difference: the unity of Aristotle's thought, PIERRE PELLEGRIN

13 Kinds, forms of kinds, and the more and the less in Aristotle's biology, JAMES G. LENNOX

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II

III

IV

V

VI

14 Animals and other beings in Aristotle, L. A. KOSMAN

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II

Ill

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

15 Aristotle on bodies, matter, and potentiality, CYNTHIA A. FREELAND

I. Preliminaries: houses and hatchets

II. Human blood and other matters

III. People and their bodies

IV. Conclusion

16 Aristotle on the place of mind in nature, WILLIAM CHARLTON

List of works cited

Index locorum

General index