Social Psychology :Attitudes, Cognition and Social Behaviour

Publication subTitle :Attitudes, Cognition and Social Behaviour

Author: J. Richard Eiser  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 1986

E-ISBN: 9781139239899

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521339346

Subject: C912.6 Social psychology and social behavior

Keyword: 发展心理学(人类心理学)

Language: ENG

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Social Psychology

Description

Written principally for students at the intermediate level, this text provides a broad critical review of the various empirical and theoretical traditions from which contemporary social psychology derives and, as the subtitle implies, offers balanced (though necessarily selective) insights into the perspectives that different researchers have adopted. It derives from J. Richard Eiser's previous textbook, Cognitive social psychology, which has been thoroughly revised and reorganized, incorporating fresh material that reflects the changes that have been taking place in the field since the beginning of the decade. The approach is broadly cognitive, though by no means narrowly so, the three main parts - 'Attitudes', 'Judgement and Interference' and 'Identity and Interaction' - indicating the principal emphases. Although it is North American research that has made the greatest contribution to our understanding of social behaviour, significant European work is not neglected in Richard Eiser's exposition. It is this awareness of the dynamism of the field and of the cross-fertilization taking place between different disciplines that gives this text its distinctive flavour and attraction for students and professionals alike.

Chapter

Consistency and change

Conformity and social influence

Groupthink

Types and techniques of influence

Persuasive language

Cognitive responses to persuasion

Unresolved issues in the 'cognitive response' approach

Conclusions

3 Attitudes and behaviour

Predicting behaviour from attitudes

The three-component view of attitudes

Generality versus specificity

The theory of reasoned action

Habits and past behaviour

Salience and attitude differences

Attitude accessibility

Learning and attitude-behaviour consistency

Consistency and the meaning of expressive behaviour

Conclusions

4 Motivation, incentive and dissonance

Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Cognitive dissonance theory

Forced compliance

The magnitude of incentive

Impression management

Self-perception

Response-contagion

Choice, foreseeability and responsibility

What is dissonance?

Aversive consequences and learning

Conclusions

PART III JUDGEMENT AND INFERENCE

5 Social judgement

Basic princuples of judgement

The psychophysical approach and the concept of adaptation

The concept of frame of reference

Categorization and judgements of valued objects

Categorization and stereotyping

Illusory correlation

Accentuation, integration and intraclass differences

Categorization, particularization and prejudice

The judgement of attitudes

The assimilation-contrast model

The variable-perspective model

Accentuation theory

Evaluative language and salience

Value and perspective

Conclusions

6 Attribution

Impression formation

Attribution theory

Internal versus external attributions

Attribution of responsibility

Actor-observer differences

Attributions of cooperative and competitive intentions

Cognition, arousal and emotion

Attributions for success and failure

Helplessness, adjustment and depression

Attribution and addiction

What are attributions and when are they made?

Conclusions

7 Decisions and representations

'Rational' decision-making

Prospect theory

Framing

Cognitive heuristics

Mindfulness/mindlessness

Memory for context

Mood and cognition

Memory and priming

Schemata

Person memory and prototypes

Self-schemata

Social representations

Conclusions

PART IV IDENTITY AND INTERACTION

8 Justice, roles and obligations

The notion of equity

Intervention in emergencies

The costs of helping

The need for help and the legitimacy of demands

Limits to social obligations - the 'just world' hypothesis

Justification and derogation

Obedience

Roles and responsibility

Games and roles

Role distance

Contradiction, choice and identity

Conclusions

9 Social identity and intergroup processes

Deindividuation

The minimal conditions for intergroup discrimination

Discrimination between minimal groups: what function does it serve?

Comparisons between unequal groups

Tajfel's theory of intergroup behaviour

Differentiation and deviance

Minority influence

Identity and influence

From social identity to social change

Conclusions

PART V CONCLUSIONS

10 Achievements and prospects

Progress and fashion

The experimental method

The cognitive approach

Experience is social

References

Author index

Subject index

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