Nanomaterials for Biosensors ：Fundamentals and Applications ( Micro and Nano Technologies )

Publication subTitle ：Fundamentals and Applications

Publication series ：Micro and Nano Technologies

Author： Malhotra Bansi D.;Ali Md. Azahar

Publisher： Elsevier Science‎

Publication year： 2017

E-ISBN: 9780128135150

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780323449236

Subject： TP212.3 Biological sensor, medical sensor

Keyword：工程材料学

Language： ENG

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Description

Nanomaterials for Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications provides a detailed summary of the main nanomaterials used in biosensing and their application. It covers recent developments in nanomaterials for the fabrication of biosensor devices for healthcare diagnostics, food freshness and bioprocessing. The various processes used for synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials are examined, along with the design and fabrication of bioelectronic devices using nanostructured materials as building blocks. Users will find the fundamentals of the main nanomaterials used in biosensing, helping them visualize a systematic and coherent picture of how nanomaterials are used in biosensors.

The book also addresses the role of bio-conjugation of nanomaterials in the construction of nano-biointerfaces for application in biosensors. Such applications, including metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers and plasmonic nanostructures in biosensing are discussed relative to each nanomaterial concerned. Finally, recent advancements in protein functionalized nanomaterials for cancer diagnostics and bio-imaging are also included.

Provides a detailed study on how nanomaterials are used to enhance sensing capabilities in biosensors
Explains the properties, characterization methods and preparation techniques of the nanomaterials used in biosensing
Arranged in a material-by-materia

Chapter

Front Cover

Nanomaterials for Biosensors

Nanomaterials for Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications

Contents

Preface

1 - Nanomaterials in Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications

1.1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.2.0 NANOTECHNOLOGY AND CHALLENGES

1.2.1 Classification of Nanomaterials

1.2.2 Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

1.2.3 Applications of Nanomaterials

1.3.0 BIOSENSORS

1.3.1 Characteristics of a Biosensor

1.3.2 Types of Biosensors

1.3.2.1 Electrochemical Biosensors

1.3.2.2 Electrochemical Measurements

1.3.2.3 Optical Biosensors

1.3.2.4 Piezoelectric Biosensors

1.3.2.5 Thermal Biosensors

1.3.2.6 Enzymatic Biosensors

1.3.2.7 Immunosensors

1.3.2.8 DNA Biosensors

1.3.2.9 Whole-Cell Biosensors

1.4.0 IMMOBILIZATION TECHNIQUES

1.4.1 Adsorption

1.4.2 Covalent Bonding

1.4.3 Entrapment

1.4.4 Cross Linking or Copolymerization

1.4.5 Encapsulation

1.4.6 Immobilization of Whole Cells

1.5 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

2 - Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials for Biosensors

2.1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.2.0 BASICS OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS AND FUNCTIONALIZATION

2.2.1 Fullerenes

2.2.2 Carbon Nanotubes

2.2.3 Graphene

2.2.4 Graphene Oxide

2.3.0 CARBON NANOTUBES FOR BIOSENSORS

2.4.0 GRAPHENE, GRAPHENE OXIDE, AND REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE FOR BIOSENSORS

2.5.0 CARBON NANOFIBERS FOR BIOSENSORS

2.6.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

3 - Bioconjugated Nanostructured Metals and Metal Oxides for Biosensors

3.1.0 INTRODUCTION

3.2.0 SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION

3.2.1 Modification of Metal Nanoparticles

3.2.2 Modification of Nanostructured Metal Oxides

3.3.0 NANOSTRUCTURED METALS AND METAL OXIDES FOR POINT-OF-CARE DIAGNOSTICS

3.4.0 IMMUNOSENSORS BASED ON NANOSTRUCTURED METAL OXIDES AND METAL NANOPARTICLES

3.5.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

4 - Biopolymeric Nanostructures: Biosensors and Bioimaging

4.1.0 INTRODUCTION

4.2.0 DISCOVERY OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS

4.3.0 NANOSTRUCTURED CONDUCTING POLYMERS

4.3.1 Polyaniline

4.3.2 Polypyrrole

4.3.3 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

4.4.0 BIOIMAGING OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS

4.5.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

5 - Nanocomposite Materials: Biomolecular Devices

5.1.0 INTRODUCTION

5.2.0 HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITES

5.2.1 Polymers-Based Nanocomposites

5.2.2 Metal, Metal Oxides–Carbon Nanohybrid Materials

5.3.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

6 - Plasmonic Nanostructures: Fiber-Optic Biosensors

6.1.0 INTRODUCTION

6.2.0 PLASMONIC NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS

6.3.0 PLASMONIC BIOSENSORS

6.3.1 Surface Plasmon Polariton Biosensors

6.3.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors

6.4.0 FIBER-OPTIC BIOSENSORS

6.5.0 PLASMONIC FIBER-OPTIC BIOSENSORS

6.6.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

7 - Nanostructured Biomaterials for In Vivo Biosensors

7.1.0 INTRODUCTION

7.2.0 BASICS OF BIOMATERIALS

7.3.0 NANOSTRUCTURED BIOMATERIALS

7.4.0 BIOSYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS

7.4.1 Plants/Microorganisms

7.4.2 Biomass Templates

7.4.3 Soft or Hard Combined Membranes

7.4.4 Liquid Membranes With Carriers

7.4.5 Biomacromolecule Regulation

7.5.0 NANOMATERIALS FOR IN VIVO BIOSENSORS

7.5.1 Metallic Biomaterials

7.5.2 Ceramic Biomaterials

7.5.3 Polymeric Biomaterials

7.5.4 Carbon Biomaterials

7.5.5 Composite Biomaterials

7.6.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

8 - Nanostructured Materials for DNA Biochip

8.1.0 INTRODUCTION

8.2.0 BASICS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

8.2.1 DNA

8.2.2 RNA

8.2.3 Peptide Nucleic Acid

8.2.4 Aptamers

8.3.0 DNA BIOSENSOR

8.4.0 FUNCTIONALIZATION OF DNA WITH NANOMATERIALS

8.5.0 TRANSDUCTION METHODS

8.5.1 Electrochemical Readout

8.5.2 Optical Readout

8.5.3 Mass Readout

8.6.0 NANOMATERIALS-BASED BIOCHIPS

8.6.1 Metallic Nanostructures

8.6.2 Semiconductor Nanostructures

8.6.3 Conducting Polymers

8.6.4 Carbon Nanostructures

8.7.0 MICROARRAYS

8.8.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

9 - Microfluidic Biosensor

9.1.0 INTRODUCTION

9.2.0 A HISTORICAL SNAPSHOT OF MICROFLUIDICS DEVICES

9.3.0 PRINCIPLES OF MICROFLUIDICS

9.3.1 Governing Equations

9.3.2 Reynolds Number and Laminar Flow

9.3.3 Turbulent Flow

9.3.4 Transitional Flow

9.3.5 Pressure-Driven Flow

9.3.6 Active Pumping

9.3.7 Passive Pumping

9.3.8 Scaling Effects

9.3.9 Capillary Flow

9.3.10 Diffusion and Mixing

9.4.0 COMPONENTS OF MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES

9.5.0 MATERIALS FOR MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES

9.6.0 SOFT-LITHOGRAPHY

9.6.1 Mask Fabrication

9.6.2 Exposure

9.6.3 Postexposure Baking

9.6.4 Development

9.6.5 Polydimethylsiloxane Molding

9.7.0 LIQUID-PHASE PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION PROCESS

9.8.0 INTEGRATION OF MICROFLUIDICS WITH BIOSENSORS

9.9.0 NANOMATERIALS IN MICROFLUIDIC BIOSENSORS

9.10.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

10 - Conclusions and Future Developments in Biosensors

10.1.0 INTRODUCTION

10.2.0 COMMERCIALIZATION OF BIOSENSORS

10.3.0 FUTURE PROSPECTS

10.4.0 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Index

Back Cover

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