Chapter
1.4 Electricity Industry Restructuring in Europe
1.5 Electricity Industry Restructuring in Asia
1.6 Reliability as a Paramount Goal
1.6.1 Reliability via the Electricity Market Mechanism
2.1 Electric Power System Components
2.2 Electricity Generation
2.4.1 Structures and Types of Transmission Lines
2.4.2 Electrical Parameters of Transmission Lines
2.4.3 Electric Network Models of Transmission Lines
2.6 Synchronous Generators
2.7.2 Bus Admittance Matrix
2.7.3 Power Flow Analysis
2.7.4 Control of Power Flow
3.2 Theory of Consumer Behavior
3.2.1 Individual and Market Demand
3.3.1 Profit Maximization Assumption
3.3.3 Demand and Marginal Revenue for a Competitive Firm
3.3.4 Choosing Output in the Short Run
3.4.1 Perfect Competition
3.4.3 Monopolistic Competition
3.5.2 Bayesian Nash Equilibrium
4 Power System Unit Commitment
4.3 Mathematical Formulation for Unit Commitment
4.4 Numerical Methods for Unit Commitment Problem
4.4.2 Dynamic Programming
4.4.3 Dual Methods: Lagrange Relaxation
4.4.4 Mixed Integer Programming Method
4.5 New Challenges for UC Problem
5 Power System Economic Dispatch
5.2.4 Incremental Cost Curve
5.3 Mathematical Formulation for Economic Dispatch
5.4 Economic Dispatch Problem
5.5 Lossless Economic Dispatch Formulation
5.6 Numerical Methods for Economic Dispatch
5.6.1 Lambda Iteration Method
5.6.2 Newton–Raphson Method
5.6.3 Reduced Gradient Methods
5.7 Inclusion of Transmission Losses
5.7.1 Total and Incremental Loss Calculation
5.8 New Advances in Economic Dispatch Calculations
6.2 Generic Formulation for OPF Problem
6.3 Solution Methods for OPF Problem
6.3.2 Penalty and Barrier Methods
6.3.3 Linear Programming-Based Methods
6.4 OPF Applied to Competitive Electricity Markets
6.5 Further Discussions about OPF Calculations
6.6 Algebraic Modeling Languages and Solvers
7 Design, Structure, and Operation of an Electricity Market
7.1 Electricity Market Overview
7.2 Electricity Market Models
7.2.2 Power Exchange Model
7.3.1 Day-Ahead Energy Market
7.3.2 Real-Time Energy Market
7.4 Two-Settlement System
7.5 Market Operation Timeline
7.6 Tools for Market Operation
7.6.1 Security-Constrained Economic Dispatch
7.6.2 Reliability Unit Commitment
7.6.3 Network Security Analysis
7.6.4 Consideration of Transmission Constraints
7.7 Financial Transmission Rights Market
7.9 Ancillary Service Markets
7.9.1 Regulation Service Market
7.9.2 Primary Reserve Markets
7.10.1 Reactive Power Service and Voltage Control
7.10.2 Black Start Service
8 Pricing, Modeling, and Simulation of an Electricity Market
A: Unconstrained Network Case
B: Constrained Network Case
C: Constrained Network Case with Different Reference Bus
8.1.3 Uniform-Price Auction
8.1.4 Discriminatory Pricing
8.2 Modeling and Simulation of an Electricity Market
8.2.2 Market Equilibrium Models
A: Equivalent Nonlinear Programming Formulation
9 Evaluation of an Electricity Market
9.1 Market Competitiveness
9.3 Structure–Conduct–Performance Model
9.4 Other Market Power Issues
10 Transmission Planning Under Electricity Market Regime
10.2 Key Drivers for Transmission Planning
10.2.3 Generation Resources
10.2.5 Interregional Coordination
10.2.6 Operational Performance
10.3 Reliability-Based Transmission Planning
10.3.1 Establishing a Reference System
10.3.2 Reliability Analysis of a Reference System
10.3.3 Near-Term Reliability Review
10.3.4 Long-Term Reliability Review
10.4 Market-Based Transmission Planning
10.4.1 Market Efficiency Model
10.4.2 Model Benchmarking
10.4.3 Market Efficiency Analysis
10.4.4 System Economic Output
10.4.5 Various Definitions of Economic Benefits
10.5 Cross-Border Transmission Planning
10.5.3 Methodology for Cross-Border Transmission Planning
10.6 Competitive Transmission Planning
10.6.1 Regulated Transmission Business
10.6.3 Competitive Bidding Process
10.7 Transmission Planning in Europe
11 Electricity Market under a Future Grid
11.1 Renewable Energy Technologies
11.1.1 Types of Renewable Energy Sources
11.1.2 Growth Drivers of Renewable Energy Sources
11.1.3 The Impact of Renewable Energy on Electricity Markets
11.2.2 Active Demand Response
11.2.3 Impact of Active Demand Response
11.2.4 Energy Storage Systems
11.2.7 Electricity Market at Distribution System Level
11.2.8 Smart Grid Policies and Programs
11.2.9 Market Implementation
Electricity Markets
：Theories and Applications
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