Sustainable Construction Materials :Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash ( Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering )

Publication subTitle :Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

Publication series :Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering

Author: OBE   Ravindra K. Dhir;Brito   Jorge de;Lynn   Ciaran J.  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2017

E-ISBN: 9780081009963

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780081009970

Subject: TU5 building materials

Keyword: 建筑科学,一般工业技术,工程材料学

Language: ENG

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Description

Sustainable Construction Materials: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash discusses the global use of virgin aggregates and CO2 polluter Portland cement. Given the global sustainability agenda, much of the demand for these two sets of materials can be substantially reduced through the appropriate use of waste materials, thereby conserving natural resources, energy and CO2 emissions. Realistically, this change can only be realized and sustained through engineering ingenuity and new concepts in design. Although a great deal of research has been published over the last 50 years, it remains fragmented and ineffective. This book develops a single global knowledge-base, encouraging greater use of selected waste streams. The focus of massive systematic reviews is to encourage the uptake of recycled secondary materials (RSM) by the construction industry and guide researchers to recognize what is already known regarding waste.

  • Provides an extensive source of valuable database information, supported by an exhaustive list of globally-based published literature over the last 40-50 years
  • Offer an analysis, evaluation, repackaging and modeling of existing knowledge on sustainable construction practices
  • Provides a wealth of knowledge for use in many sectors relating to the construction profession

Chapter

2 - Methodology

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Literature Search and Appraisal

2.2.1 Identifying and Sourcing Literature

2.2.2 Publication Timeline

2.2.3 Global Publication Status

2.2.4 Publication Types

2.2.5 Researchers Involved

2.2.6 Institutions and Organisations Involved

2.2.7 Subject Area Distribution

2.3 Building the Data Matrix

2.3.1 Initial Sorting of Literature

2.3.2 Data Mining and Parking

2.4 Analysis, Evaluation and Modelling of Data

2.5 Dissemination

2.6 Conclusions

References

3 - Municipal Solid Waste Composition, Incineration, Processing and Management of Bottom Ashes

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Legislation, Policies and Best Practices

3.1.2 Financial and Environmental Aspects of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration and Application of Municipal Incinerated Bottom ...

3.2 Composition of Municipal Solid Waste

3.3 Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

3.3.1 Combustion

3.3.2 Energy Recovery

3.3.3 Air Pollution Control Systems and Resulting Emissions

3.4 Treatment of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

3.4.1 Quenching

3.4.2 Grinding and Particle Size Separation

3.4.3 Ferrous and Non-ferrous Metal Separation

3.4.4 Washing

3.4.5 Extraction and Recovery

3.4.6 Natural Weathering and Accelerated Ageing

3.4.7 Solidification and Stabilisation

3.4.8 Thermal Treatment

3.5 Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Management

3.6 Conclusions

References

4 - Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Characteristics

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Physical Properties

4.2.1 Grading

4.2.2 Density

4.2.3 Morphology

4.2.4 Water Absorption

4.3 Chemical Properties

4.3.1 Oxide Composition

4.3.2 Loss on Ignition

4.3.3 Mineralogy

4.3.4 Element Composition

4.3.5 Organic Compounds

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorobiphenyls

4.4 Engineering Properties

4.4.1 Compactability

4.4.2 Permeability

4.4.3 Soil Classification

4.4.4 Shear Strength

4.4.5 Deformation Properties

4.4.6 Soundness

4.4.7 Frost Resistance

4.4.8 Abrasion Resistance

4.4.9 Bearing Capacity

4.5 Conclusions

References

5 - Concrete-Related Applications

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Use as an Aggregate Component

5.2.1 Mortar

5.2.2 Concrete

5.2.3 Masonry Blocks

5.2.4 Artificial Aggregate Production

5.2.5 Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

5.3 Use as a Cement Component

5.3.1 Raw Feed for Cement Clinker Production

5.3.2 Cement Component

5.3.3 Mortar

5.3.4 Concrete

5.3.5 Aerated Concrete

5.4 Environmental Assessment

5.5 Case Studies

5.6 Conclusions

References

6 - Geotechnics and Road Pavements

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Geotechnical Properties and Unbound Applications

6.2.1 Grading

6.2.2 Resistance to Fragmentation

6.2.3 Sulphate Soundness

6.2.4 Frost Resistance

6.2.5 Shear Strength

6.2.6 Deformation Properties

6.2.7 Organic Matter

6.2.8 Compaction Properties

6.2.9 Bearing Capacity

6.2.10 Permeability

6.2.11 Soil Stabilisation

6.3 Hydraulically Bound Applications

6.3.1 Grading

6.3.2 Compaction Properties

6.3.3 Strength

6.3.4 Deformation Performance

6.3.5 Durability

6.4 Bituminous-Bound Applications

6.4.1 Voids, Voids in the Mineral Aggregate, Stability and Flow

6.4.2 Optimum Bitumen Content

6.4.3 Moisture Susceptibility

6.4.4 Ageing

6.4.5 Skid Resistance

6.4.6 Resistance to Fragmentation

6.4.7 Deformation Performance

6.5 Environmental Assessment

6.6 Case Studies

6.7 Conclusions

References

7 - Alternative Applications

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Ceramics

7.2.1 General Ceramics

7.2.2 Glass

7.2.3 Glass-Ceramics

7.2.4 Tiles

7.2.5 Bricks

7.3 Agriculture

7.3.1 Leachability and Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Rare Earth Elements

7.3.2 Acid Neutralisation Capacity

7.4 Adsorbent Materials

7.4.1 Untreated Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Adsorbent Material

7.4.2 Zeolite Synthesis by Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment

7.5 Geopolymers

7.6 Anaerobic Digestion and Landfill Gas Production

7.7 Insulation Material

7.8 Environmental Assessment

7.9 Case Studies

7.10 Conclusions

References

8 - Environmental Assessment

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Leaching Properties of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

8.3 Artificial Aggregates

8.4 Cementitious Composites

8.4.1 Raw Feed in Cement Clinker Production

8.4.2 Cement Constituent

8.4.3 Aggregate Replacement

8.5 Road Construction

8.5.1 Unbound Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in Base and Subbase Layers

8.5.2 Hydraulically Bound Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

8.5.3 Bitumen-Bound Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

8.6 Ceramics

8.6.1 General Ceramics

8.6.2 Glass

8.6.3 Glass-Ceramics

8.6.4 Tiles

8.7 Conclusions

References

9 - Case Studies and Standards

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Incineration of Municipal Solid Waste

9.2.1 Seoul, South Korea: Pilot-Scale Incinerator With Oxygen Enrichment in the Co-incineration of Municipal Solid Waste and Org...

9.2.2 South Norfolk, UK: Proper Choice of Location to Set Up a Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant

9.2.3 Taranto, Italy: Health Risk Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Emissions

9.3 Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Management

9.3.1 Flanders, Belgium: Legislation and Waste Management

9.3.2 Uppsala Region, Sweden: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Management Options

9.4 Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Processing and Storage

9.4.1 Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Pilot Wet Process for Washing Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

9.4.2 Northeast Italy: Optimising Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Weathering for Improved Leaching Behaviour Before Disposal

9.4.3 New York, USA: Environmental Issues of Stockpiled Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

9.5 Aggregate Manufacturing

9.5.1 Connecticut, USA: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash–Based Lightweight Aggregate

9.5.2 Islip, New York, USA: Artificial Aggregate From Rolite, Inc

9.5.3 Aveley, Essex, UK: Secondary Aggregates From Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

9.5.4 Tilbury, Essex, UK: Thermal Processing of Lightweight Aggregate

9.6 Raw Feed in Cement Clinker Production

9.6.1 Japan: Municipal Solid Waste Incinerated Ash in Cement Clinker Production

9.6.2 Tacoma, Washington, USA: Combined Ash Used in Cement Manufacture

9.6.3 Charleston, South Carolina, USA: Combined Ash in Cement Manufacture

9.7 Concrete and Mortar Production

9.7.1 Beaulieu, France: Stabilised Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Mortar as Fill in Mines

9.7.2 Conscience Bay, Long Island, New York, USA: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Blocks in Artificial Reef

9.7.3 Dundee, UK: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in Ready-Mixed Concrete

9.7.4 Dundee, UK: Precast Concrete

9.7.5 Edmonton, UK: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Construction Blocks From Ballast Phoenix

9.7.6 Keilehaven, the Netherlands: Concrete Paving Blocks

9.7.7 Montgomery County, Ohio, USA: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Blocks in Non-Load-Bearing Walls

9.7.8 Peekskill, New York, USA: Concrete Blocks Made With Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in the Construction of a Boathouse

9.8 Geotechnical Applications

9.8.1 Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in a Wind Barrier

9.8.2 Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Fill in Highway A-15

9.8.3 Philadelphia, USA: Long-Term Testing of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Fill Material

9.9 Road Pavements

9.9.1 Dundee, UK: Full-Scale Demonstration of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in Road Pavements

9.9.2 Herouville, France: Leachate Evolution of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in a Test Road

9.9.3 Houston, Texas: Federal Highway Administration Project With Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Base Course Material

9.9.4 Laconia, New Hampshire, USA: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Aggregate in Asphalt Binder Course in Repaved Road Sectio...

9.9.5 Malmo, Sweden: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Subbase Material

9.9.6 Milan, Italy: Full-Scale Test Track With Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash in Granular Foundation, Cement-Bound Mixes and A...

9.9.7 Netherend Lane, Dudley, UK: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Used in Road Reconstruction

9.9.8 Shelton, Connecticut, USA: Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Used as Structural Fill and Aggregate

9.9.9 Umea, Sweden: Full-Scale Test Road With Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash at Davamyran Landfill

9.10 Ceramics

9.10.1 Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan: Pavement Bricks From Molten Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash

9.10.2 Bologna, Italy: Treated Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash as Ceramic Glaze Frit

9.11 Landfill

9.11.1 Buchs, Switzerland: Leaching of Municipal Incinerated Bottom Ash Monofill

9.11.2 Oahu, Hawaii, USA: Cover Material at Waipahu Landfill

9.11.3 Tuscany, Italy: Landfill Gas Upgrade

9.11.4 Maine, USA: Ashfill ‘Mining’ for the Recovery of Metals

9.12 Standards and Specifications

9.12.1 Cement Applications

9.12.2 Concrete and Mortar Applications

Alkali-Silica Reactions

Environmental Exposure Classes

9.12.3 Geotechnical Applications

9.12.4 Road Pavement Applications

Unbound Materials

Hydraulically Bound Materials

Bituminous Mixtures

9.12.5 Ceramic Applications

9.12.6 Leaching Tests

9.13 Conclusions

References

10 - Epilogue

Appendices

A. Additional References on the Characteristics of MIBA

B. Additional References on the Leaching Properties of MIBA

Index

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

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