Chapter
1: Indigenous Knowledge and Natural Resources Management: An Introduction Featuring Wildlife
What is the Indigenous Knowledge Approach?
Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge
Accommodating Different Knowledge
Predation on Scotland’s Moorlands
Challenges of Integration
2: The Dynamic Nature of Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge. An Analysis of Change Among the Baka (Congo Basin) and the Tsimane’ (Amazon)
Agriculture Among the Tsimane’
Tsimane’ engagement with agriculture
Tsimane’ agricultural knowledge and management practices
Agriculture Among the Baka
Baka engagement with agriculture
Baka agricultural knowledge
3: Contingency and Adaptation over Five Decades in Nuaulu Forest-Based Plant Knowledge
Documenting Forest Knowledge
Changing Places: Shifting
Preferences in Harvesting Canarium Species
Measuring Utility: Firewood
Ecology, the Market and Social Change: a Rattan Case Study
4: ‘Keeping our Milpa ’: Maize Production and Management of Trees by Nahuas of the Sierra de Zongolica, Mexico
Agroecological Knowledge in Context
Location and Climatic–Altitudinal Zones of the Sierra De Zongolica
Settlement History and Livelihood Strategies
Milpa – Food Crop Biodiversity and Farming Practices
Milpa – Socio-cultural Dimension
Historical Background of Forest and Tree Management
Changes and Continuity in the Use and Management of Milpa and Trees
5: The Contested Space that Local Knowledge Occupies: Understanding the Veterinary Knowledges and Practices of Livestock Farmers in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
What are Regarded as the Essential Characteristics of Local Knowledge?
The Role of Ignorance – the Flipside of Local Knowledge
Is Local Knowledge about Tick-Borne Diseases a ‘Specialized’ Knowledge?
The Political Economy and Contestations around ‘Local Knowledge’
6: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge for Technology Adoption in Agriculture
Adoption of Best Management Practices for Natural Resource Management in Rice Production
Building on farmer knowledge for FBMPs
Building on farmer knowledge for IPM-FFS
Building on farmer knowledge for rodent pest management
Water-Saving Technologies
7: Seeds of the Devil Weed: Local Knowledge and Learning from Videos in Mali
Farmers Learn from Videos
The seed growers (village of Siby)
Innovating with seed storage (village of Sanambelé)
Cropping patterns (village of Yorobougoula)
Video and Farmer Field School
Institutional Change in Villages
Small groups and a long-running field school (village of Promani)
The video committee (village of Kouna)
Strengthening cooperatives and groups (village of Sirakèlé)
8: ‘I Will Continue to Fight Them’: Local Knowledge, Everyday Resistance and Adaptation to Climate Change in Semi-Arid Tanzania
Local Knowledge, Everyday Resistance and Adaptation
Everyday Resistance and Coping with Drought in Semi-Arid Tanzania
Forests: regulations and resistance
‘They are confusing us Gogo’: crop advice and regulations
Discussion and Conclusions
9: Indigenous Soil Enrichment for Food Security and Climate Change in Africa and Asia: A Review
A Typology of Indigenous Soil Enrichment
Charring vegetation in anaerobic conditions under soil
Charcoal production and iron-smelting sites
10: Will the Real Raised-Field Agriculture Please Rise? Indigenous Knowledge and the Resolution of Competing Visions of One Way to Farm Wetlands
What Can We Learn From Present-Day RFA as Practised in the Old World?
Resource concentration as an overriding function of raised fields
Are RFs always perennial structures?
Is cultivation continuous, or interrupted by fallow periods?
RFA and Resource-Concentration Mechanisms in Natural Ecosystems of Seasonally Flooded Savannas
Spatial self-organization and resource concentration in natural ecosystems
RF farmers take advantage of natural mechanisms of resource concentration
11: Andean Cultural Affirmation and Cultural Integration in Context: Reflections on Indigenous Knowledge for the In Situ Conservation of Agrobiodiversity
Approaching Agrobiodiversity, Indigenous Knowledge and Culture
12: The Indigenous Knowledge of Crop Diversity and Evolution
Introduction: Crop Evolution
Investigating crop diversity
Anthropology’s Engagement with Crop Diversity
Farmer-mediated selection
Contrasting crop science and indigenous knowledge
Variety names, crop type and indigenous knowledge
Modelling indigenous knowledge, crop diversity and crop evolution
Guidelines for understanding farmer-mediated selection
13: Investigating Farmers’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Crop Seeds: Beware Your Assumptions!
Common Assumptions about Farmer Knowledge
Example 1: Farmers’ Perceptions of Risk and Transgenic Maize
How did we test our hypotheses?
How did this change our understanding?
Example 2: What Maize Farmers Expect and Accomplish with Seed Selection
How did we test our hypothesis?
How did this change our understanding?
Example 3: Consistency and Variation in Farmer-Identified Bean Varieties in One Community
How did we test our hypothesis?
How did this change our understanding?
14: Traditional Domestic Knowledge and Skills in Post-harvest Processes: A Focus on Food Crop Storage
To Blame, or to Celebrate? Traditional On-farm Storage and Post-harvest Food Losses
The Functions of Small-scale Storage
ITK in a Human-Created Ecosystem
Post-harvest, pre-storage ITK
Traditional storage structures, and mechanical and cultural controls
Chemical control of storage pests: botanicals and fumigation
Synthetic versus botanical pesticides
Storage ITK Change and Loss
Conclusions and Needs for Further Research
15: The Local Wisdom of Balinese Subaks
Indigenous Knowledge: Tri Hita Karana and the Subaks
Traditional autonomy of the subaks
Collective management: ‘The voice of the subak is the voice of God’
Tri Hita Karana as a World Cultural Heritage
Modelling the Functional Role of the Subaks
Conclusion: Tri Hita Karana
16: Indigenous Agriculture and the Politics of Knowledge
The Politics of Indigenous Knowledge in Agricultural Technology Development: Conceptual Framework
Case 1: The Misperception of Irish Agriculture under English Settler Colonialism
Case 2: Technology Development for Smallholder Oil Palm in Indonesia
Case 3: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in India: Moral and Organic or More of the Same?
Case 4: Sumak Kawsay and Socialism: Traditional Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge and State Policy in Ecuador
Discussion: Agricultural ‘Development’ and the Politics of TIAK