Cover

Conflicts, Religion and Culture in Tourism

Copyright

Table of Contents

Contributors

1: Introduction to Conflicts, Religion and Culture in Tourism

Introduction

Theory of Religious Tourism

Religious Pilgrimage in a Conflict Region

Structure of the Book

Part I: Conflict, Religion, Culture and Tourism

Part II: (Re)Claiming Space – Modern Reinstatements of Religion and Pilgrimage

Part III: Understanding ‘Other’: Conflicts, Challenges and Issues

References

Part I: Conflict, Religion, Culture and Tourism

2: Consciousness in Conflict

Introduction

Tourism’s Need for Intellectual Openness

Illuminating darklight tourism

Travel is the image of the age(s)

Indoctritainment

Orthopraxy

Mythopolitics

Tourism’s misused mandate of understanding

Conclusion

References

3: Defamation of Religion and Freedom of Speech

Introduction

The Concept of Religion

Nature of the Conflict

Violence Originated from the Conflict: Religious Terrorism

Danish cartoon incident

Charlie Hebdo attack

Copenhagen shooting

Nature of Religious Terrorism

The Dilemma of Religious Sentiment and Free Speech

Conclusion

References

4: Imagining the Contours of Culture: Is Religious Tourism a Precondition for Conflict?

Introduction

Religion and Conflict: A State of the Art

Conflict in Religious Tourism

Can Faith Fix Violence?

Conclusion

References

5: The Essence of Community Cohesion through Religious Tolerance

Introduction

Religion

Age of Conflict in the 21st Century

The Present State of Conflict within Religious Communities

Islam and the Idea of Community Cohesion: Lessons from Past History

Interfaith cohesion

Istanbul Model: Ottomans Inspiration from Early Islam and Community Cohesion

Delhi Model

Rethinking the Role of Mosques in Promoting Community Cohesion

Conclusion

References

Part II: (Re)Claiming Space – Modern Reinstatements of Religion and Pilgrimage

6: Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage in a Non-religious Country: The Czech Republic

Introduction

Secularization – A Threat for Religious Tourism?

The Development of Religion and Pilgrimage Tradition in Czech Lands

Contemporary Forms of Religiosity and Secularization in the Czech Republic

The Contemporary Shape of Pilgrimage and Religious Tourism in the Czech Republic

Traditional pilgrimage sites of importance in Moravia

Traditional pilgrimage sites of importance in Bohemia

Pilgrimage Sites with Broken Pilgrimage Tradition

Conclusion

References

7: Pilgrimage, Cultural Landscape and Tourism in the Heritization of Churches and Christian Sites in Nagasaki

Introduction

Registration on the World Heritage Tentative List

Presentation of the Candidate in the Nomination Process

The Promoters of Churches and Christian-related Sites

Creation of ‘Nagasaki Pilgrimage’

Shifts from Tangible to Intangible Elements – The Legacy of the Hidden Christians

Evaluating the Authenticity and Integration of Hidden Christian Sacred Places

Conflicts Initiated by the Top-down Evaluation Process

Conclusion

Notes

References

8: Claiming Territory: The Role of Pilgrimage in the Struggle for a Re-Christianization of Sweden

Introduction

Narratives and Counter-narratives of Lund

Counter-mapping Sweden and Europe

Conclusion

References

9: Cuba and Its Christian Roots: A Case for Understanding Religious Tourism

Introduction

Understanding Religious Tourism as the Roots of Hospitality

Religious Core of Hospitality

The Concept of Sacredness as Attraction

Towards an Understanding of Religious Tourism

Cuba as a Religious Tourism Destination

Conclusion

References

Part III: Understanding ‘Other’: Conflicts, Challenges and Issues

10: Visiting Graves, Tombs and Shrines in Islamic Law

Introduction

The Burial of the Dead and the Structure of Graves in the Islamic Tradition

The Visit of Graves During the Time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUM)

The Ruling on Visiting Tombs and Shrines

Visiting the Tombs of Prophets and Saints/Pious People

Undertaking a Journey to Visit Tombs and Graves

Practices of Ziya¯ra in the Muslim World

Proper Etiquette of Visiting Graves

Conclusion

References

11: Religious Spaces as Discrete Systems: The Case of Ayodhya, India

Introduction

Understanding Discrete Systems in Temporal Spaces

Changing Socio-Spatial Phenomenon: The Story So Far

Discussion

Conclusion

References

12: Halal Tourism: The Case of Turkey

Introduction

Halal Tourism: Definition and Conceptual Context

The Factors of Growing Interest in Halal Tourism

International Halal Tourism Market

The Case of Turkey as a Halal Tourism Destination

Conclusion

References

13: Kosher Tourism: A Case Study from Greece

Introduction

Constraints on Food Consumption Imposed by Religion

Religion, Food Choices and Regulations and Tourism

Management of Religious Dietary Restrictions

Jewish Tourists in Greece

Survey methodology

Τhe case study

Behaviour observation

Guests

Hotel staff

Conclusion

Notes

References

14: War and Cultural Heritage: The Case of Religious Monuments

Introduction

Culture as a ‘Target’

The Protection of Cultural–Religious Heritage

The Framework of Protection

In times of peace

In times of war–armed conflicts

International criminal jurisdiction

UNESCO’s Actions during Times of Armed Conflict

Case Studies

Former Yugoslavia

Cyprus

Syria

The Dire Reality

Conclusion

Acknowledgement

Notes

References

15: Discussion Points

Chapter 2: Discussion Questions

Chapter 3: Discussion Questions

Chapter 4: Discussion Questions

Chapter 5: Discussion Questions

Chapter 6: Discussion Questions

Chapter 7: Discussion Questions

Chapter 8: Discussion Questions

Chapter 9: Discussion Questions

Chapter 10: Discussion Questions

Chapter 11: Discussion Questions

Chapter 12: Discussion Questions

Chapter 13: Discussion Questions

Chapter 14: Discussion Questions

Index

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