Chapter
Why Is There a “Spectrum” in Autism?
Are Genetic Mutations the Cause of Autism?
ASD Parent and Affected Child Exome Sequencing Display De Novo Mutation
More Than 1,000 Genetic and Genomic Disorders and Still Counting
Why Do Certain Chemicals Induce Specific Depletions of Certain Brain Compartments?
Pinpointing Critical Steps Where the Autistic Brain Emerges
Is Finding Mutations the Path to Discovering the Genesis of ASD?
How Autism Develops in a Fetal Brain
Why Is There a “Spectrum” in ASD?
Thimerosal Containing Mercury Stays in the Body and Is Very Toxic
Chapter 2 What is Autism?
A Short History of Autism
DSM-5 and the ASD Spectrum
Changes in ASD diagnosis approved by the APA
The impact of the Recent DSM‐5 Changes on Diagnosis and Support Practices
A New ASD Diagnosis Category: Social Communication Disorder
ASD or a Giant Spectrum of Socioneuropsychological Disorders
Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Is Autism a Genetic Disease?
Synthetic Chemicals Lack Coevolutionary Adaptation
Myth of the Genetic Origin of Autism
Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Autism
Why Fragile X Syndrome or Tuberous Sclerosis Should Not Be Included in ASD
Is Finding Mutation the Path to Discovering the Origin of ASD?
How Quickly Does Human DNA Mutate?
What is the Mutation Rate in the Whole Human Genome?
Genetics versus Environment
Chapter 3 Olfaction and Autism
Chapter 4 Oxytocin, Arginine Vasopressin and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Why Oxytocin Therapy May be Important for ASD?
Hormones, Neuropeptide Arginine Vasopressin and Oxytocin in ASD
Development of Oxytocin and AVP Neurons in Various Animals and in Man
Oxytocin and Social Experience in Development
Oxytocin and Developmental Neurological Disorders
Exogenous Oxytocin Treatments in Humans
Intranasal and Intravenous Oxytocin Studies in ASD
Oxytocin Trials in ASD: Beyond the Hype and Hope
Chapter 5 Male Gender Bias and Levels of Male Hormones During Fetal Development
Association between 2D:4D Ratio and Brain Connection Development
Male and Female Estrogen and Testosterone Hormone Regulations
Are there Synthetic Chemicals that Humans Are Not Evolutionarily Exposed To?
Male and Female Brains in a Test Tube
Effects of Three Different Levels of Testosterone on Neuronal Morphology
Molecular Basis of Gender Bias in ASD
Chapter 6 Maternal Twins and Male Gender Bias in Autism Spectrum Disorders
The Conundrum of ASD Discordance in Maternal Twins
Role of Environment in Maternal Twins revealed by Numerous Methods under Many Conditions
What Types of Discordance are Observed in Maternal Twins?
Differences in Frontal and Limbic Brain Activation in Monozygotic Twin Pairs Discordant for Severe Stressful Life Events
Structural Connectivity of the Brain of a Child with ASD and That of the Unaffected Identical Twin
Differences in Genomic and Epigenomic Expression in Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Rett Syndrome
Differences in CNV between Discordant Monozygotic Twins with Congenital Heart Defects
History of Autism Becoming a Genetic Disease
Many Diseases That Were Considered Genetic are Being Reassessed
To find a Scientific Analysis of ASD Genesis
Possible Etiologies of Autism
Epigenetic Changes and the Environment: How Lifestyle Can Influence Epigenetic Change from One Generation to the Next
Factors Other Than Environment That May Be Contributing to ASD
Older Age of Mother and Increased Risk
Chapter 7 Autism and Exposure to Environmental Chemicals
Contribution of Fragrances to ASD
Effects of Fragrances on Male Oxytocin‐Receptor Positive Neurons
Effects of Fragrances on Female Oxytocin‐Receptor Positive Neurons
How Synthetic Chemicals in Fragrances Affect Fetal Brain Development
How Do Synthetic Musks Get Into the Food Chain?
How Are People Exposed to Synthetic Musks?
Benzyl Benzoate and Benzyl Salicylate
Why Is It Important To Look at EDCs and Their Potential Effects on Our Next Generations?
Where in Fetal Life Are Androgen Receptors Expressed?
Why Testosterone is Essential for Engineering a Male Brain
Play Fighting and Aggression
Adverse Effects of EDCs and Their Mechanisms of Action
Effects of Testosterone or AR Mimicking EDCs
Effects of EDCs on Neurodevelopmental and Neuroendocrine Systems
EDC Effects on Steroid Hormone Receptors in the Brain
Are the EDCs and other Synthetic Chemicals Depopulating the Human Race?
Chapter 8 Maternal Antibodies to Fetal Brain Neurons and Autism
Link between Damage to the Fetal Brain and Maternal Antibodies: A Double Jeopardy
Are there Examples of Such an Immune Mechanism?
Why are Fetal Neuroantigens Immunogenic to the Maternal Immune System?
Is There Any Evidence of a Link Between Synthetic Chemicals Exposure, Neurotoxicity, and Autoimmunity?
The Relationship between Autoimmunity and ASD
The Detection of Fetal Brain Neuroantigens in the Maternal Blood
What are the Functions of the Neuroantigens that are Being Destroyed by the Maternal Antibodies?
Animal Models and Neuroantibodies to Autism
Studies Using Rodent Models
Why Do Some Autistic Children Have Bigger Brains?
Is There a Link between Autoimmunity and Other Forms of Neurodevelopmental or Neurodegenerative Disorders?
A Chicken and Egg Conundrum
Tourette Syndrome [30–32] and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder [33]
Other Contributing Factors in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Influenza Vaccine and Narcolepsy
Other Viral and Nonviral Infections
Chapter 9 Vaccines and Autism
Childhood Vaccines and Regressive Autism
Politics Versus Science in the Vaccination Era
A Short Glimpse of the History of Vaccines: Justification for Using Vaccines
What is the Evidence That Organomercurial Vaccines Pose a Higher Risk of Regressive Autism?
Why Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines are Harmful: A Scientific Narrative
How Much Mercury is Given to Children Before the Age of 3 years?
Why Do Only Small Numbers of Children Develop Regressive Autism After Vaccination?
Can Measurements of Abnormal Cytokines Identify Children Who Are at Increased Risk for Regressive ASD?
Summary of Contributing Immunological Factors to ASD
Autism and Environmental Factors
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