Cover

Degrowth in Tourism Conceptual

Copyright

Contents

Preface

References

1 Introduction

1.1 Preconditions of Development

1.1.1 Host acceptability

1.1.2 Planning/Management

1.2 Searching the Roots of Degrowth

1.3 Past Research on Tourism and Degrowth

1.4 Contents of the Book

References

2 Development Theories and Paradigms and their Applicability in Tourism: The Need for a New Paradigm

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Nature of Development

2.2.1 Development as an evolutionary process

2.2.2 Objectives of development

2.2.3 Outcomes of development

2.3 Development Theories and Paradigms

2.3.1 Modernization

2.3.2 The diffusionist paradigm

Spatial differentiation

Spatial integration

Spatial diffusion

2.3.3 Dependency

2.3.4 Neoliberalism or laissez-faire

2.3.5 Sustainable development

2.4 The Emergence of a New Paradigm

2.6 Conclusion

References

3 Degrowth Alternatives in Tourism

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Capital vs Labour-Intensive Development

3.3 Exogenous vs Endogenous Development

3.4 Small- vs Large-Scale Development

3.5 Mass vs Alternative Tourism Development

3.6 Enclave vs Spread Development

3.6.1 Enclaves as ‘ghettos’

3.6.2 Enclaves as ‘all-inclusive resorts’

3.7 Bottom-up vs top-down

3.8 Conclusion

References

4 Limits to Growth, Social Movements and the Main Principles of Degrowth-inspired Travelling

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Limits to Growth

4.3 Steady-state Economy

4.4 Social Movements

4.4.1 Simple living and voluntary simplicity

4.4.2 Slow movement

4.4.3 Arts and Crafts movement

4.5 Principles of Degrowth

4.5.1 Reduced consumption/dematerialization

4.5.2 Limited use of technology

4.5.3 Reduction of working hours

4.5.4 Increased happiness, improved welfare and quality of life

4.5.5 Low-carbon travel

4.5.6 Efficient land/space use

4.6 Defining Degrowth in Tourism

4.7 Conclusion

References

5 Alternative Travel Lifestyles, Degrowth and Freedom-seeking

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Tourists vs Travellers, Alternative Lifestyles and Degrowth

5.3 Forms of Tourism Related to Degrowth

5.3.1 Community-based tourism

5.3.2 Responsible tourism

5.3.3 Slow tourism

5.3.4 Staycation

5.4 Freedom and Degrowth-Inspired Travelling

5.4.1 Natural freedom

5.4.2 Material freedom

5.4.3 Economic freedom

5.4.4 Temporal freedom

5.4.5 Political freedom

5.4.6 Sociopsychological freedom

5.5 Conclusion

References

6 Impacts of Degrowth in Tourism

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Economic Impacts

6.2.1 The effects of tourism on the balance of payments and GDP

6.2.2 Government revenue

6.2.3 Regional development

6.2.4 Employment generation

6.2.5 Leakages/linkages

6.3 Sociocultural Impacts

6.3.1 Sociocultural change

6.3.2 Authenticity and handicraft production

6.3.3 Migration

6.3.4 Equity and inequalities

6.4 Environment Impacts

6.4.1 Impacts on the built environment

6.4.2 Impacts on the natural environment

6.4.3 Impacts on animals

6.4.4 Transportation effects

6.4.5 Climate change

6.5 Conclusion

References

7 Moving towards Degrowth-inspired Travelling

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Towards a Model of Degrowth-induced Tourism Development

7.2.1 Actors involved in the development of degrowth-inspired travel

The degrowth-inspired traveller

The degrowth-inspired destination/community

The degrowth-inspired business

Degrowth-inspired governance

7.2.2 Managing degrowth transition

Alter behaviours

Act and think locally

Increase awareness

Limits to growth

7.3 Concluding Remarks, Limitations and Future Research Priorities

References

Index

Back Cover