Description

Meteorological tsunami is a kind of the ocean long wave with the tsunami frequency band from several minutes to 2 h driven by atmospheric forcing at the sea interface. The multiplying of resonance and amplification effects enhanced the wave higher than 1 m with the destructive damage. The direct forcing of meteorological tsunami is the meso-β-scale disturbance, such as mesoscale convection system or internal gravity wave in the troposphere. The events on the destructive meteorological tsunamis were reported mainly on the mid-latitude regions such as Europe and US East Coast. Whatever the kind of the disturbance was, the intrusion of the dry air played important roles in unstable structure of the middle troposphere to travel the disturbance with a long disturbance. The backward trajectory of the air particle on the tsunami-enhancing region showed that the lifting of anomalous warm moist air mass from the lower latitude was significant to form the atmospheric structure over the targeted seas. Such characteristics in the large-scale atmosphere provide the possibility of the mid-term prediction on meteorological tsunamis, linking with the state-of-art observation technologies in satellite remote sensing, radar observation, in situ measurement network and so on.

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