Regulation of the Redox Environment
( Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress )
Publication series ： Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress
Author： Edgar Cano-Europa Vanessa Blas-Valdivia Margarita Franco-Colinand Rocio Ortiz-Butron
Publisher： IntechOpen
Publication year： 2015
E-ISBN: INT5929361515
P-ISBN(Paperback): 9789535122005
P-ISBN(Hardback): 9789535122005
Subject： Q5 Biochemistry
Keyword： 生物化学
Language： ENG
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Regulation of the Redox Environment
Description
All organisms maintain a strict redox environment, crucial for cell physiology, by preserving the pro-oxidant compounds generated during cell metabolism and from antioxidant system elements. In pathophysiological conditions, the redox environment is altered, causing oxidative stress, cell damage, and eventually cell death. In this chapter, we review the elements involved in the redox environment, including the oxidant, antioxidant, and glutathione systems. In addition, we summarize the physicochemical bases of the redox environment and the biological functions of the glutathione cycle. Finally, we propose a redox environment regulation model that considers some regulated variables that are actively involved in maintaining the redox environment: reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and the redox couple GSH2/GSSG.
Chapter