Description
Studies in International Economics, Volume 1: Illegal Transactions in International Trade: Theory and Measurement embraces the theoretical, empirical, and econometric aspects of international economic analysis.
The selection first elaborates on a theoretical analysis of smuggling, an alternative proof of the Bhagwati-Hansen results on smuggling and welfare, and smuggling and trade policy. Discussions focus on optimal tariff and revenue questions, legal trade eliminated by smuggling, legal trade co-existing with smuggling, overinvoicing and underinvoicing of transactions, and smuggling and welfare. The text then examines overinvoicing, underutilization, and distorted industrial growth, fiscal policies, faking of foreign trade declarations, and the balance of payments, and accuracy of economic observations. Topics include statistics of foreign commodity trade, trade tariffs and subsidies, effect on capital complexity, industrial employment and output growth, implications for industrial development, effective exchange rate for capital imports, and foreign-exchange profits of overinvoicing.
The manuscript ponders on tariffs and smuggling in Indonesia and the problems of assessing unrecorded trade, including complications in comparing partners' trade accounts, measuring recorded values of all products, market impact of smuggling, and methods for detecting smuggling.
The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in international trade.
Chapter
2. Balance of payments and developmental effects
2. Balance of payments and developmental effects
3. Detection of faked invoicing
3. Detection of faked invoicing
4. Detection of smuggling
4. Detection of smuggling
PART I: THE PURE THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
PART I: THE PURE THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Chapter 1. A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF SMUGGLING
Chapter 1. A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF SMUGGLING
3. Exogenously specified objectives: target increase in importable production
3. Exogenously specified objectives: target increase in importable production
4. Overinvoicing and underinvoicing of transactions
4. Overinvoicing and underinvoicing of transactions
Chapter 2. AN ALTERNATIVE PROOF OF THE BHAGWATI-HANSEN RESULTS ON SMUGGLING AND WELFARE
Chapter 2. AN ALTERNATIVE PROOF OF THE BHAGWATI-HANSEN RESULTS ON SMUGGLING AND WELFARE
2. Case I: Legal trade eliminated by smuggling
2. Case I: Legal trade eliminated by smuggling
3. Case II: Legal trade co-existing with smuggling
3. Case II: Legal trade co-existing with smuggling
Chapter 3. SMUGGLING AND TRADE POLICY
Chapter 3. SMUGGLING AND TRADE POLICY
3. Optimal tariff and revenue questions
3. Optimal tariff and revenue questions
Chapter 4. NOTES ON THE ECONOMIC THEORY OF SMUGGLING
Chapter 4. NOTES ON THE ECONOMIC THEORY OF SMUGGLING
1. Summary of previous results
1. Summary of previous results
2. Revenue and optimal tariffs
2. Revenue and optimal tariffs
PART II: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS AND DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS
PART II: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS AND DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS
Chapter 5. OVERINVOICING, UNDERUTILIZATION, AND DISTORTED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
Chapter 5. OVERINVOICING, UNDERUTILIZATION, AND DISTORTED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
2. The foreign-exchange profits of overinvoicing
2. The foreign-exchange profits of overinvoicing
3. The effective exchange rate for capital imports
3. The effective exchange rate for capital imports
4. The effect on the choice between imported and domestic capital goods
4. The effect on the choice between imported and domestic capital goods
5. The effect on the choice between expanding capital or utilizing existing capital
5. The effect on the choice between expanding capital or utilizing existing capital
6. The effect on capital complexity, industrial employment and output growth
6. The effect on capital complexity, industrial employment and output growth
7. The implications for industrial development
7. The implications for industrial development
Chapter 6. FISCAL POLICIES, THE FAKING OF FOREIGN TRADE DECLARATIONS, AND THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
Chapter 6. FISCAL POLICIES, THE FAKING OF FOREIGN TRADE DECLARATIONS, AND THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
2. Trade tariffs and subsidies
2. Trade tariffs and subsidies
PART III: PARTNER-COUNTRY DATA COMPARISONS AND FAKED INVOICING
PART III: PARTNER-COUNTRY DATA COMPARISONS AND FAKED INVOICING
Chapter 7. ON THE ACCURACY OF ECONOMIC OBSERVATIONS: FOREIGN TRADE STATISTICS
Chapter 7. ON THE ACCURACY OF ECONOMIC OBSERVATIONS: FOREIGN TRADE STATISTICS
2. Statistics of gold movements
2. Statistics of gold movements
3. Statistics of foreign commodity trade
3. Statistics of foreign commodity trade
Chapter 8. THE ACCURACY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE DATA: THE CASE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Chapter 8. THE ACCURACY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE DATA: THE CASE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
2. Errors in corresponding trade data
2. Errors in corresponding trade data
Chapter 9. ON THE UNDERINVOICING OF IMPORTS
Chapter 9. ON THE UNDERINVOICING OF IMPORTS
2. Reasons for underinvoicing of imports
2. Reasons for underinvoicing of imports
3. An empirical investigation
3. An empirical investigation
4. Turkish tariffs during 1961
4. Turkish tariffs during 1961
Chapter 10. CAPITAL FLIGHT FROM LDCs: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Chapter 10. CAPITAL FLIGHT FROM LDCs: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
PART IV: DETECTING SMUGGLING
PART IV: DETECTING SMUGGLING
Chapter 11. INDONESIA'S UNRECORDED TRADE
Chapter 11. INDONESIA'S UNRECORDED TRADE
2. Trade with partner countries
2. Trade with partner countries
3. Exports of major commodities
3. Exports of major commodities
Chapter 12. PROBLEMS OF ASSESSING UNRECORDED TRADE
Chapter 12. PROBLEMS OF ASSESSING UNRECORDED TRADE
2. Estimating exports from production
2. Estimating exports from production
3. Complications in comparing partners' trade accounts
3. Complications in comparing partners' trade accounts
4. Differing systems of recording rubber
4. Differing systems of recording rubber
5. Measuring recorded values of all products
5. Measuring recorded values of all products
6. Global trade comparisons
6. Global trade comparisons
Chapter 13. TARIFFS AND SMUGGLING IN INDONESIA
Chapter 13. TARIFFS AND SMUGGLING IN INDONESIA
3. Methods for detecting smuggling
3. Methods for detecting smuggling
4. Market impact of smuggling
4. Market impact of smuggling
5. Interpretation of the data
5. Interpretation of the data
Chapter 14. UNIT VALUES OF U.S. MACHINERY EXPORTS
Chapter 14. UNIT VALUES OF U.S. MACHINERY EXPORTS
2. Alternative explanatory variables
2. Alternative explanatory variables