Chapter
2 Objectives of These Volumes
Section I: Livelihood Dependence, Rights and Access to Natural Resources
Chapter 1 Challenges of Managing Natural Resources in West Sumatra Indonesia
1.1.2 Decentralization and Natural Resource Management in West Sumatra
1.2 Natural Resource Issues in West Sumatra
1.2.4 Protected Areas and Biodiversity
1.3 Brief Outline and Summary of Issues Addressed in the Volume
Section I: Livelihood Dependence, Rights, and Access to Natural Resources
Section II: Toward Effective Management of Community Property Rights
Section III: Socioecological Systems and New Forms of Governance
Chapter 2 Methodological Approaches in Natural Resource Management
2.2 Multimethods in Natural Resources Management (NRM)
2.3 Multilevel Analysis for NRM
2.4 Methodologies Used in the Volume
2.4.1 Multimethod and Multilevel Analysis of Forest Resources Management
2.4.1.1 Illegal Timber Felling and Comanagement of Protected Areas
2.4.1.2 REDD+ Implementation
2.4.2 Analysis of Water Resources and Watershed Management
2.4.2.1 Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System
2.4.2.2 Watershed and Livelihoods
2.4.2.3 Livelihood Security
2.4.3 Multimethod Analysis of Land Use and Land-Use Change
2.4.3.2 Sustainable Land-Use Practices
2.4.4 Property Rights, Gender Inequality, and Sustainability of Natural Resources
2.4.4.1 Community-Based Property Rights
2.4.4.2 Gender Inequality
2.4.4.3 Hexagon Framework
Chapter 3 Livelihood Change and Livelihood Sustainability in the Uplands of Lembang Subwatershed, West Sumatra Province of ...
3.3.2 Rapid Rural Appraisal and Household Survey
3.5 Changes in NRM Context
3.5.1 Decentralization and Restoration of the Nagari
3.5.2 Changes in Regulations on NRM
3.5.3 Economic Crisis and Macroeconomic Structural Adjustment
3.5.4 Biophysical Changes
3.6 Upland People’s Livelihood Change
3.6.1 Changes in Access to Capital Assets
3.6.2 Changes in Livelihood Strategy
3.7 Livelihood and IWM Sustainability
3.8 Conclusion and Policy Implications
Chapter 4 A Case Study of Livelihood Strategies of Fishermen in Nagari Sungai Pisang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
4.3 Results and Discussions
4.3.1 Activities for Food and Cash
4.3.1.1 Relying on the Kindness of Nature
4.3.1.2 Alternative Productive Activities
4.3.1.3 Forecasting for Unexpected Future Events
4.3.1.4 Maintaining or Enhancing Social Network
4.3.1.5 Risk Spreading Mechanisms and Productivity Enhancement
4.3.2.3 Financial Capital
4.4 Livelihood Strategies: Between Theoretical Approach and Empirical Case
Chapter 5 Utilization Rights of Sikuai Island and Pasumpahan Island, West Sumatra: Study on Implementation of Community-Bas...
5.2.1 Defining Community-Based Property Rights
5.2.2 Legal Recognition of Community-Based Property Rights
5.2.2.1 Private-Individual Property Rights
5.2.2.2 Public-Individual Property Rights
5.2.2.3 Public-Group Property Rights
5.2.2.4 Private-Group Property Rights
5.2.3 Elements of Property Rights
5.2.5 Conflict Resolution
5.2.6 Customary Rights in Minangkabau Concept
5.3.2 Selecting Key Informants and Informants
5.3.3 Research Instrument
5.3.4 Data Collection Techniques
5.4 Utilization Rights in Sikuai Island and Pasumpahan Island
5.5 Utilization Rights Implementation
5.6 Problems During Utilization Right Implementation
5.7 Problem-Solving Mechanism
Chapter 6 Gender Inequality of a Fishing Family in a Small-Scale Fishery: A Case Study on a Fishing Family in Korong Pasir ...
6.4 Findings and Discussion
6.4.1 Gender Roles and Responsibilities in a Fishing Family in Pasir Baru
6.4.2 Access and Control of Men and Women on Family Assets and Resources
6.4.3 Factors Influencing Gender Equality
6.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
Chapter 7 Women's Participation in a Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project: A Case Study in Jorong Kampung Baru, Nagari ..
7.3 Results and Discussion
7.3.1 The Condition of the Water Supply and Sanitation Before the Project
7.3.2 The Condition of the Water Supply and Sanitation After the Project
7.3.3 Women's Participation in Project Initiation and the Decision-Making Process
7.3.4 Women's Participation in the Project Construction
7.3.5 Women's Participation in Operation and Maintenance
7.3.6 Women's Participation in Monitoring and Evaluation
7.3.7 Factors Affecting Participation in the RWSS Project
7.3.7.1 Formal Legal System (Policy)
7.3.7.2 Institutional Arrangement
7.3.7.3 Sociocultural Attitudes and Ethics Class
7.3.7.4 Religious Belief and Practices
7.3.8 Women's Participation and Project Sustainability
7.4 Conclusion and Recommendations
Section II: Towards Effective Management of CPRS
Chapter 8 Impact of Land-Use Changes on Kuranji River Basin Functions
8.2.2 Research Techniques
8.3.2 River Basin Functions
8.3.2.2 Municipal Water Supply
Chapter 9 Analysis of Incentive Factors for Sustainable Land-Use Practices: Lesson Learned From Two Case Studies in West Sum...
9.3 Result and Discussion
9.3.1 Community Management Strategy in Support of Sustainable Land-Use Practices Rimbo Larangan in Nagari Paru
9.3.2 Rehabilitation and Reforestation Programs in Paninggahan
9.3.3 Similarities and Differences of Incentive Factors
9.4.1 The Importance of Knowledge and Awareness of the Local Community About Natural Resources Problems and Benefits
9.4.2 Material, Financial, and Technical Support for Sustainable Land-Use Practices
9.4.3 Clear Land Tenure Arrangement
9.4.4 Functioning of Local Institutions and Resource Mobilization Mechanisms for Sustainable Land-Use Practices
9.4.5 Government Policy That Provides Room and Encouragement for Local Initiatives for Sustainable Land-Use Practices
9.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
Chapter 10 Forest Management and Illegal Logging in West Sumatra: The Case of Sangir, South Solok
10.3 Findings and Discussions
10.3.2 Illegal Logging Practices
10.3.2.1 Selection of Trees
10.3.2.3 Tauke Kayu (Middleman)
10.3.2.5 Head of Illegal Loggers
10.3.3 Socioeconomic Characteristics of the Community
10.3.4 Factors Affecting Illegal Logging
10.4 Conclusions and Recommendations
Section III: Socioecological Systems and New Forms of Governance
Chapter 11 Socioecological Aspects of Mandailing Natal People in Buffer Zone of Batang Gadis National Park, North Sumatra: A .
11.2 Objectives of the Study
11.4 Result and Discussion
11.4.1 Landscape Utilization Pattern
11.4.2 Agricultural Sectors
11.4.3 Preserved Forest (Harangan Rarangan)
11.4.4 Sacred Forest (Naborgo Borgo)
11.4.5 Pattern in Water Resource Utilization
11.4.5.2 Up-to-Downstream Utilization and Management
11.4.5.4 Protection in Spring Spots
11.4.6 Local Wisdom and Traditional Value in Regard to Natural Resources Management
11.4.6.1 Fuel Wood Extraction
11.4.6.2 Prohibition Against Poison and Electrical Snatchers in Catching Fish
11.4.6.3 Natural Phenomena
11.4.7 Stakeholders in Batahan Village
Chapter 12 Hydrologic Characteristics, Flood Occurrence, and Community Preparedness in Coping With Floods at Air Dingin Wat...
12.2 Methodology of Research
12.3 Results and Discussions
12.3.1 Hydrologic Characteristics of the Air Dingin Watershed
12.3.1.1 Digital Elevation Model
12.3.2 Government Response to Floods
12.3.3 Community Response to Floods
12.3.4 The PCRaster Flood Forecasting Model
12.3.4.1 Synthesis of the PCRaster Flood Forecasting Model
12.3.4.2 Interpretation of the PCRaster Flood Forecasting Model
12.3.5 Synthesis of an Integrated Community-Based Flood Early Warning System
Chapter 13 Rural Household Participation in Illegal Timber Felling in a Protected Area of West Sumatra, Indonesia
13.3.1 Timber Felling Practices
13.3.2 Factors Affecting Household Participation in Timber Felling
13.4.1 The Need for Cash and Illegal Timber Harvesting
13.4.3 Awareness: Important But Not Sufficient
Chapter 14 Decentralization and Comanagement of Protected Areas in Indonesia
14.2 Policy Changes and Prospects for Protected Areas Comanagement in Indonesia
14.4 Site and Household Selection Criteria
14.5.1 Multilevel Decentralization
14.5.2 District Government Initiative
14.5.4 Varying Results of Multilevel Decentralization and Comanagement of Protected Areas
14.5.5 Conditions for Comanagement
14.5.5.1 Re-decentralization
14.5.5.2 Local Institutions
14.5.5.3 Local Incentives
14.6 Proposed Comanagement Model for Protected Areas
Chapter 15 Dynamism of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Indonesia With Implications for REDD+
15.2 Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Indonesia
15.3 Institutional Characteristics of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
15.3.1 Deforestation in the Context of Economic Policy
15.3.2 Decentralization and Benefit Distribution With Effects for REDD+
15.3.3 Right to Forest, Right to Carbon
15.3.4 Conflicts in the Forest
15.4 Equity, Effectiveness, Efficiency: Policy Dimensions for REDD+
15.4.1 Some Polices to Curb Deforestations
15.4.2 Assessment of REDD+ From Equity, Effectiveness, and Efficiency Perspectives
Chapter 16 Toward an Effective Management of Dynamic Natural Resources
16.2 Natural Resources and Related Issues in Sumatra Indonesia
16.2.4 Protected Areas and Biodiversity
16.3 Natural Resources and Livelihoods
16.4 Community Participation and Collective Actions in Natural Resources Management
16.5 Policies and Institutions for Natural Resources Management
Redefining Diversity and Dynamics of Natural Resources Management in Asia, Volume 4
：The Reciprocal Relationship between Governance of Natural Resources and Socio-Ecological Systems Dynamics in West Sumatra Indonesia
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