Chapter
Morbidity and Mortality Studies in Breastfed and Artificially Fed Infants
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Issues
The Mammary Gland and Science
Support for the Breastfeeding Women of the World
A National Campaign to Promote Breastfeeding
CHAPTER
2 - Anatomy of the Breast
CHAPTER 3 -
Physiology of Lactation
Apoptosis in the Mammary Gland
Hormonal Control of Lactation
Mammogenesis: Mammary Growth
Stage III Lactogenesis (Galactopoiesis): Maintenance of Established Lactation
Changes in Breast Hemodynamics in Breastfeeding Mothers
Lactation: Synthesis of HumanMilk
Involution: Weaningand Apoptosis
CHAPTER 4 - Biochemistry of Human Milk
Normal Variations in Human Milk
CHAPTER 5 - Host-Resistance Factors and Immunologic Significance of Human Milk
Protective Effect of Breast Milk
Developmental Deficiencies in Infants’ Immune Systems
Cellular Components of Human Colostrum and Milk
Survival of Maternal Milk Cells
Mucosal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Microbiota, Probiotics, and Prebiotics
Gastrointestinal Commensal Organisms
Effectiveness of Human Milk in Controlling Infection
Protection Against Bacterial Infection
Protection Against Viral Infection
Antiinflammatory Properties
Allergic Protective Properties
Protection Against Chronic Disease in Childhood
CHAPTER 6 - Psychological Impact of Breastfeeding
Mother-Infant Interaction
Body Contact and Cultural Tradition
Psychological Difference Between Breastfeeding and Bottle Feeding
Psychophysiologic Reactions During Nursing
Impact of Society, Medical Profession, and Family
Psychosocial Risk Factors and Early Weaning
Why Some Women Do Not Breastfeed
CHAPTER 7 - Facilitating an Informed Decision About Breastfeeding
Benefits of Breastfeeding for Infants
Benefits of Breastfeeding for Mother
Contraindications to Breastfeeding
Disadvantages of Breastfeeding
CHAPTER 8 - Practical Management of the Mother-Infant Nursing Couple
Peripartum Breastfeeding Management
Immediate Postpartum Period
Going Home From the Hospital
CHAPTER 9 - Maternal Nutrition and Supplements for Mother and Infant
Impact of Maternal Diet on Milk Production
Maternal Nutrition: Immunologic Substances and Leukocyte Activity
Recommendations for Nutritional Support During Lactation
Color of Milk and Maternal Diet
CHAPTER 10 - Weaning: Timing and Techniques
Role of Development in Initiation of Weaning
Why Do Some Women Not Breastfeed?
CHAPTER 11 - Normal Growth, Failure to Thrive, and Obesity in Breastfed Infants
Maternal and Infant Obesity and Breastfeeding
CHAPTER 12 - Medications, Herbal Preparations, and Natural Products in Breast Milk
Breast Milk/Plasma Ratio for Drugs Usually Not Useful
Minimizing Effect of Maternal Medication
CHAPTER 13 - Transmission of Infectious Diseases Through Breast Milk and Breastfeeding
Infection Control Considerations
Clinical Syndromes and Conditions
CHAPTER 14 - Breastfeeding Infants With Problems
Perinatal Issues: Postmature Infants
Breastfeeding Twins and Triplets
Full-Term Infants With Medical Problems
Other Metabolic Disorders
Infants With Problems Requiring Surgery
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Nursing Bottle Caries in Breastfed Infants
CHAPTER 15 - Premature Infants and Breastfeeding
Improving Milk Production
Concluding Recommendations
CHAPTER 16 - Medical Complications of Mothers
Psychological Problems While Breastfeeding
CHAPTER 17 - Human Milk as a Prophylaxis
The Natural History of Atopic Disease
Prophylaxis of Atopic Disease
Immunologic Aspects of Allergy
Patterns of Clinical Disease Associated With Cow Milk Allergy in Childhood
Acute Reactions to Cow Milk in Breastfed Infants
Recommendations for Management
CHAPTER 18 - Employment and Away From Home Activities While Breastfeeding
Attitudes of Professionals Toward Working Mothers
Outcome for Children of Employed Mothers
Breastfeeding and Employment
CHAPTER 19 - Induced Lactation and Relactation (Including Nursing an Adopted Baby) and Cross-Nursing
Induced Versus Inappropriate Lactation
Wet Nursing or Cross-Nursing or Co-feeding
CHAPTER 20 - Reproductive Function During Lactation
Contraception During Lactation
Sex and the Nursing Mother
Nursing During Pregnancy and Tandem Nursing
Impact of Nursing During Pregnancy
CHAPTER 21 - The Collection and Storage of Human Milk and Human Milk Banking
CHAPTER 22 - Breastfeeding Support Groups and Community Resources
Development of Mother Support Groups
CHAPTER 23 - Educating and Training the Medical Professional
Suggested Curriculum for Medical Students
Curriculum for Nurses’ Training in Breastfeeding and Lactation
APPENDIX A - Composition of Human Milk
APPENDIX B - Supporting Breastfeeding and Lactation: The Primary Care Pediatrician’s Guide to Getting Paid
The Three- to Five-Day Visit
Options for Coding and Billing as a Follow-up Visit
Billing for Any Clinician’s Visit Based on Time
Billing for the Infant’s Mother
Billing for Services by Allied Health Providers Who Are Neither Nurse Practitioners nor Physician’s Assistants
Billing for Phone Calls and Online Communications
Online Medical Evaluations
Billing for Interdisciplinary Team Conferences
APPENDIX C - Normal Serum Values for Breastfed Infants
APPENDIX D - Drugs in Breast Milk and Effects on Infants
APPENDIX E - Herbals and Natural Products
APPENDIX G - Manual Expressionof Breast Milk
APPENDIX F - APPENDIX F Precautions and Breastfeeding Recommendations for Selected Maternal Infections
APPENDIX H - The Storage of Human Milk
Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine’s Human Milk Storage Information For Home Use for Healthy Full-Term Infants
Human Milk Banking and the HMBANA
Frequent Reasons for Prescribing Donor Milk
Donor Milk Banks in the United States, Canada, and Mexico
APPENDIX I - Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Needs in Normal Children in the United States
Guidelines for Supplementation
APPENDIX J - Measurements of Growth of Breastfed infants
APPENDIX K - Organizations Interestedin Supporting and Providing Materials for Breastfeeding
Private Educational and Support Organizations
Other national and international breastfeeding support programs
International Organization for Physicians
Information about Examination and Certification
Private Educational and Support Organizations
Other national and international breastfeeding support programs
International Organization for Physicians
Information about Examination and Certification
APPENDIX L - Model Legislationfor the Workplace: New York State Department of Labor Division of Labor Standards
Guidelines Regarding the Rights of Nursing Mothers to Express Breast Milk in the Workplace
DOH State of New York Department of Health
APPENDIX M - Breastfeeding Health Supervision
APPENDIX N - Hospital Policy: Sample Hospital Breastfeeding Policy for Newborns
American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding
APPENDIX O - The AAP Guidelinefor Hyperbilirubinemia
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 1 - American Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocols: Guidelines for Glucose Monitoring and Treatment of Hypoglycemia in Breastfed Neonates
Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia
Clinical Manifestations of Hypoglycemia
General Management Recommendations (Table 4)
Management of Documented Hypoglycemia (Table 5)
Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 2 - Guidelines for Hospital Discharge of the Breastfeeding Term Newborn and Mother: “The Going Home Protocol”
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 3 - Hospital Guidelines for the Useof Supplementary Feedings in the Healthy Term Breastfed Neonate
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 4 - Mastitis: Revision, May 2008
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 5 - Peripartum Breastfeeding Management for the Healthy Mother and Infant at Term: Revision, June 2008
Problems and Complications
APPENDIX P, CLINICAL PROTOCOL 6 - Guideline on Co-Sleepingand Breastfeeding: Revision, March 2008
Bed Sharing and Infant Mortality
Controlled Laboratory Studies
Breastfeeding and Bed Sharing
Recommendations for FutureResearch
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 7 - Model Breastfeeding Policy
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 8 - Human Milk StorageInformation for Home Use for Healthy Full-Term Infants
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 9 - Use of Galactogogues in Initiating or Augmenting Maternal Milk Supply
Indications for Galactogogues
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 10 - Breastfeeding the Near-Term Infant (35 to 37 Weeks Gestation)
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 11 - Guidelines for the Evaluationand Management of Neonatal Ankyloglossia and Its Complications in the Breastfeeding Dyad
Assessment of Ankyloglossia
Assessment of the Breastfeeding Dyad
Management of Maternal and Infant Complications of Ankyloglossia
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 12 - Transitioning the Breastfeeding/Breast-Milk-Fed Premature Infant From the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to Home
I. Introduction and Background
II. Predischarge: Discharge Planning
III. Postdischarge Assessment
V. Support for Breastfeeding Mothers of Premature Infants
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 13 - Contraception During Breastfeeding
II. General Principles (Table 14 and Table 15)
IV. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) of Postpartum Contraception
V. Issues in Counseling Selection of Contraceptives During Breastfeeding
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 14 - Breastfeeding-Friendly Physician’s Office, Part 1:Optimizing Care for Infants and Children
Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 15 - Analgesia and Anesthesiafor the Breastfeeding Mother
Analgesia and Anesthesia for Labor
Anesthesia for Cesarean Section
Anesthesia for Surgery in Breastfeeding Mothers
Specific Agents used for Anesthesia and Analgesia
Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 16 - Breastfeeding the Hypotonic Infant
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 17 - Guidelines for Breastfeeding Infants with Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, or Cleft Lip and Palate
Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 18 - Use of Antidepressants in Nursing Mothers
Clinical Approach to Identifying Postpartum Depression
Clinical Approach to Treating Postpartum Depression
Clinical Factors Affecting Antidepressant Choice
Choosing an Antidepressant During Breastfeeding
Recommendations for Antidepressant Treatment in Lactating Women
Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 19 - Breastfeeding Promotionin the Prenatal Setting
Recommendations for Further Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 20 - Engorgement
Assessment of Engorgement
Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX P, PROTOCOL 21 - Guidelines for Breastfeeding and the Drug-Dependent Woman
Recommendations for Future Research
Breastfeeding
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