Urinary Tract Anomalies and Infections in Children - ECAB

Author: Bagga   Arvind  

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences APAC‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9788131232033

Subject: G4 Education

Language: ENG

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Chapter

Foreword

Management of Urinary Tract Infections: What Has Changed?

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

Introduction

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Collection of Urine

Urinalysis

Leukocyturia

Nitrate Reductase

Leukocyte Esterase

Urine Culture

Management

Severe or Complicated UTI

Uncomplicated UTI

Genitourinary Imaging after UTI

Renal Ultrasonography

Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography

Radionuclide Cystography

Echo-Enhanced Cystosonography

99Tc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid or Glucoheptonate Scintigraphy

Recommended Protocols

How Beneficial Is Urinary Tract Imaging?

Recurrent UTI

Prevention

Probiotics in UTI

Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

REFERENCES

Management of Vesicoureteric Reflux

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

Introduction

Natural Resolution of Vur

Medical VS. Surgical management

Medical Management

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Limitations of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Controversies Over Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Antibiotic Prophylaxis Vs. Surveillance Only

Voiding Dysfunction and VUR

Constipation and VUR

Renal Scarring and Potential Complications

Surgical Management of Vur

Conclusions

Management of Bladder Dysfunction

Abstract

Keywords

Introduction

Normal Urinary Bladder Function

Voiding Disorders

Evaluation

Investigations

Non-invasive Urodynamics

Voiding Disorders And Urinary Tract Infection

Treatment

Outcome of Therapy in Voiding Disorders

Incontinence

Anatomical Causes for Incontinence

Neurogenic Bladder

Evaluation

Treatment

Summary

Case Studies Management of Bladder Dysfunction

Case 1: Dysfunctional Voiding

Case 2: Detrusor Instability

Case 3: Valve Bladder

Case 4: Neurogenic Bladder

Management of Antenatally Diagnosed Malformations of the Urinary Tract

Abstract

Keywords

Introduction

Normal Fetal Urinary Tract

Hydronephrosis Grading Systems (Table 1)

Society for Fetal Urology (SFU) Grading System

Blachar's Grading System for HN

Antenatal Hydronephrosis

Antenatal Hydronephrosis: Possibilities

Antenatal Hydronephrosis (AH): Postnatal Outcome

Antenatal Renal Anomalies (∼5%-10% of all antenatal renal anomalies): When to Worry?

Postnatal Evaluation (Table 2, and Figure 1)

Unilateral Hydronephrosis (Figure 1)

Bilateral Severe HN, Unilateral or Bilateral HUN, HN in a Solitary Kidney, or Suspected PUV (Table 2)

Isolated Antenatal Hydronephrosis

Vesicoureteric Reflux

Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction (Figure 2)

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

Posterior Urethral Valves

Indian Perspective

Prenatal Counseling

Prenatal Intervention29-31

Summary

Case 1

Presentation

Case 2

Presentation

Case 3

Presentation

Summary

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