Current Veterinary Therapy

Author: Anderson   David E.  

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences‎

Publication year: 2008

E-ISBN: 9781416069331

Subject: C91 Sociology

Language: ENG

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Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.

Chapter

Section I: Digestive System

CHAPTER 1. Pharyngeal Lacerations and Retropharyngeal Abscesses in Ruminants

CHAPTER 2. Vesicular Diseases of Ruminants

VESICULAR STOMATITIS

FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 3. Actinomycosis and Actinobacillosis

ACTINOMYCOSIS

ACTINOBACILLOSIS

References

CHAPTER 4. Esophageal Obstructions/Choke

TREATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL OBSTRUCTIONS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES

CHAPTER 5. Bloat or Ruminal Tympany

DEFINITION

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

CONTROL AND PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 6. Function and Dysfunction of the Ruminant Forestomach

RETICULORUMINAL MOTILITY

OMASAL MOTILITY

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF FORESTOMACH FUNCTION

SIMPLE INDIGESTION

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 7. Rumen Indigestion and Putrefaction

SIMPLE AND SECONDARY INDIGESTION

RUMEN PUTREFACTION (ESOPHAGEAL GROOVE DYSFUNCTION, RUMEN DRINKERS)

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 8. Ruminal Acidosis and Rumenitis

RUMINAL ACIDOSIS

RUMENITIS

References

CHAPTER 9. Rumenotomy and Rumenostomy

References

CHAPTER 10 .Abomasal Ulcers

DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION

EPIDEMIOLOGY

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

NONPERFORATING ABOMASAL ULCERS

PERFORATING ABOMASAL ULCERS: Types III and IV

PROGNOSIS AND COMPLICATIONS

References

CHAPTER 11. Abomasal Emptying Defect in Sheep

CHAPTER 12. Pathophysiology of Displacement of the Abomasum in Cattle

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

CLINICAL SYNDROME

FACTORS AFFECTING ABOMASAL MOTILITY

FEEDING PRACTICES AS RISK FACTORS FOR DISPLACEMENT OF THE ABOMASUM

MECHANISMS FOR DISPLACEMENT OF THE ABOMASUM

RISK FACTORS FOR DISPLACEMENT OF THE ABOMASUM

PREDICTION OF DISPLACEMENT OF THE ABOMASUM

References

CHAPTER 13. Displaced Abomasum in Cattle

DIAGNOSIS

ETIOLOGY

MEDICAL THERAPY

SURGICAL CORRECTION

References

CHAPTER 14. Prognostic Indicators and Comparison of Corrective Fixation Techniques for Displacement of the Abomasum in Dairy Cattle

REVIEW—RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL SIGNS

COMPARISON OF SURGICAL TECHNIQUES

PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS

OVERVIEW

References

CHAPTER 15. Laparoscopic Abomasopexy for Correction of Left Displaced Abomasum

TWO-STEP TECHNIQUE

ONE-STEP TECHNIQUE

CLINICAL IMPACT

References

CHAPTER 16. Hepatotoxicities of Ruminants

RUMINANT HEPATOTOXINS

PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS

MYCOTOXINS

METALS

BLUE-GREEN ALGAE AND MUSHROOMS

COCKLEBUR AND CYCADS

LANTANA

SAPONINS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 17. Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome

HISTORY AND CLINICAL SIGNS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES

TREATMENT

NECROPSY FINDINGS

EPIDEMIOLOGY

PATHOGENESIS

PREVENTION

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 18. Clostridium novyi (Myonecrosis, Black Disease, and Bacillary Hemoglobinuria) and Clostridium septicum (Braxy) Infections

CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI

CLOSTRIDIUM SEPTICUM (BRAXY)

DIAGNOSIS OF CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI AND CLOSTRIDIUM SEPTICUM INFECTIONS

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI AND CLOSTRIDIUM SEPTICUM INFECTION

References

CHAPTER 19. Clostridial Enterotoxemia (Clostridium perfringens)

TYPE A ENTEROTOXEMIA

TYPE B ENTEROTOXEMIA

TYPE C ENTEROTOXEMIA

TYPE D ENTEROTOXEMIA

TYPE E ENTEROTOXEMIA

DIAGNOSIS OF ENTEROTOXEMIA

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 20. Johne's Disease (Paratuberculosis)

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

ZOONOTIC CONCERNS

References

CHAPTER 21. Neonatal Calf Diarrhea

ETIOLOGY

PATHOGENESIS

APPROACH TO THERAPY

PREVENTION

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 22. Helminth Parasites of the Ruminant Gastrointestinal Tract

NEMATODE INFECTIONS OF CATTLE

NEMATODE INFECTIONS OF SHEEP AND GOATS

ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE

CESTODES AND TREMATODES IN RUMINANTS

CHAPTER 23. Gastrointestinal Protozoal Infections in Ruminants

CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM

GIARDIA DUODENALIS (INTESTINALIS)

References

CHAPTER 24. Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

VIRUS TAXONOMY AND CHARACTERISTICS

PREVALENCE AND HOST RANGE

CLINICAL DISEASE SYNDROMES

BVDV INFECTION IN IMMUNOCOMPETENT CATTLE

REPRODUCTIVE CONSEQUENCES OF BVDV INFECTION (FETAL INFECTION)

INFECTION IN PERSISTENTLY INFECTED CATTLE (MUCOSAL DISEASE)

DIAGNOSIS

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

References

CHAPTER 25. Salmonellosis in Ruminants

NECROPSY FINDINGS

PREVENTION

TREATMENT AND CONTROL

PUBLIC HEALTH

References

CHAPTER 26. Winter Dysentery

EPIZOOTIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS AND LESIONS

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT, PREVENTION, AND CONTROL

References

CHAPTER 27. Duodenal Obstruction

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 28. Trichobezoars

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 29. Intussusception

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 30. Intestinal Volvulus

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 31. Intestinal Atresia

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

References

CHAPTER 32. Rectal Prolapse

DEVELOPMENT

DIAGNOSIS

PROCEDURES FOR CORRECTION

POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

References

Section II: Metabolic Diseases

CHAPTER 33. Milk Fever (Parturient Paresis) in Cows, Ewes, and Doe Goats*

OCCURRENCE

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 34. Phosphorus Deficiency*

OCCURRENCE

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

Recommended Reading

CHAPTER 35. Ruminant Hypomagnesemic Tetanies*

OCCURRENCE

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 36. Ketosis

OCCURRENCE

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS AND SIGNALMENT

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

References

Recommended Reading

CHAPTER 37. Pregnancy Toxemia in Sheep and Goats

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS AND DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 38. Fatty Liver in Dairy Cattle

OCCURRENCE

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 39. Clinical Use of Ultrasound for Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Measurements in Dairy Cattle

BACKFAT MEASUREMENT

PORTABLE ULTRASOUND DEVICES

IMAGE MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATIONS

MULTIFUNCTIONAL TRANSDUCERS

References

CHAPTER 40. Metabolic Profiling

INDICATIONS

APPLICATION

ASSESSMENT AND RESPONSE

References

Section III: Respiratory System

CHAPTER 41. Mannheimia haemolytica—and Pasteurella multocida—Induced Bovine Pneumonia

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 42. Viral Diseases of the Bovine Respiratory Tract

VIRUS ISOLATION

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

VIRAL ANTIGEN TESTS

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS FOR VIRAL GENOMIC MATERIAL

SEROLOGIC TESTING

BOVINE HERPESVIRUS-1

BOVINE RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

BOVINE PARAINFLUENZA-3 VIRUS

BOVINE ADENOVIRUSES

BOVINE CORONAVIRUS

BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS

Summary

References

CHAPTER 43. Mycoplasmas in Bovine Respiratory Disease

References

CHAPTER 44. Ovine and Caprine Respiratory Disease: Infectious Agents, Management Factors, and Preventive Strategies

RISK FACTORS

DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE

TREATMENT

MANAGEMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE

References

CHAPTER 45. Disorders of the Upper Respiratory Tract in Food Animals

EXAMINATION OF UPPER AIRWAY

NASAL PASSAGES

NASAL OBSTRUCTION

PARANASAL SINUSES

PHARYNX

LARYNX

TRACHEAL STENOSIS IN CALVES

TRACHEAL COLLAPSE IN SHEEP/GOATS

References

CHAPTER 46. Surgery of the Larynx and Trachea

ARYTENOID CHONDRITIS AND LARYNGEAL GRANULOMA

SURGICAL APPROACH TO LARYNX AND PHARYNX

TRACHEOSTOMY

References

CHAPTER 47. Thoracic Surgery in Cattle

PULMONARY ABSCESS

LUNG BIOPSY

SURGICAL APPROACH TO LUNG AND MEDIASTINUM

THORACIC WOUNDS, RIB FRACTURE

PLEURITIS AND PERICARDITIS

DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA

THORACOCENTESIS

THOROSCOPY

SURGICAL APPROACH TO THORAX

References

Section IV: Cardiovascular Diseases

CHAPTER 48. Examination of the Bovine Patient with Heart Disease

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 49. Congenital Heart Disease in Cattle

VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 50. Acquired Heart Diseasesin Cattle

BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS

MYOCARDIAL DISEASE

TRAUMATIC RETICULOPERICARDITIS

TREATMENT OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

ARRHYTHMIAS IN CATTLE

Recommended Readings

Section V: Musculoskeletal System Medicine

CHAPTER 51. Noninfectious Disorders of the Foot

LAMINITIS (PODODERMATITIS ASEPTICA DIFFUSA) (CORIITIS; CLAW HORN DISRUPTION)

SOLE HEMORRHAGES

ULCERATION OF THE SOLE (pododermatitis circumscripta, sole ulcer/Rusterholtz ulcer, heel ulcer, toe ulcer/toe abscess)

DOUBLE SOLE

SOLE ABSCESS (pododermatitis septica and pododermatitis septica [traumatica], subsolar abscess)

WHITE LINE DISEASES WHITE LINE DISEASES (white line disease/separation, white line abscess, white line fissure, white line hemorrhage, white line lesions)

VERTICAL WALL FISSURE (fissura ungulae longitudinalis) (crack, sand cracks, quarter cracks)

HORIZONTAL WALL GROOVES (fissura ungulae transversalis) (hardship grooves, fissures, thimble)

CORKSCREW CLAW

THIN SOLES IN CATTLE

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 52. Infectious Disorders of the Foot Skin

INTERDIGITAL DERMATITIS (stinky foot, stable foot rot)

DIGITAL DERMATITIS (Mortellaro's disease, papillomatous digital dermatitis, hairy heel warts, footwarts)

INTERDIGITAL PHLEGMON (foot rot, interdigital necrobacillosis, interdigital pododermatitis, acute foot rot, and foul in the foot)

SUPER FOOT ROT

MUD FEVER

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 53. Surgery of the Bovine Digit

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF DEEP INFECTION OF THE CLAW

References

CHAPTER 54. Small Ruminant Infectious Disease of the Foot

FOOTROT

OVINE INTERDIGITAL DERMATITIS

CONTAGIOUS OVINE DIGITAL DERMATITIS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 55. Fracture Management in Cattle

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID TREATMENT

PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF FRACTURE MANAGEMENT

TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF SPECIFIC FRACTURES

References

CHAPTER 56. Septic Arthritis in Cattle

ETIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS AND DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PROGNOSIS

References

CHAPTER 57. Osteochondrosis in Cattle

PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS AND DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 58. Ligament Injuries of the Stifle

ANATOMY OF THE STIFLE

CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSIS

CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE

MENISCAL INJURIES

UPWARD FIXATION OF THE PATELLA

FEMORAL NERVE PARALYSIS AND LATERAL PATELLAR LUXATION IN CALVES

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 59. Coxofemoral Luxation

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

MEDICAL IMAGING

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 60. Hygroma of the Carpus and Tarsus

ETIOLOGY

CLINICAL SIGNS AND DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

Recommended Readings

Section VI: Neurologic Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, and Goats

CHAPTER 61. Clinical Examination

NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION OF THE RUMINANT

CONCLUSION

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 62. Ancillary Tests

COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT AND SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILE

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS

MEDICAL IMAGING

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY—ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC

PERIPHERAL NERVE AND MUSCULAR BIOPSIES

OTHER SPECIFIC DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

References

CHAPTER 63. Muscular Tone and Gait Abnormalities

INCREASED MUSCULAR TONE

DECREASED MUSCULAR TONE

ATAXIA AND GAIT ANOMALIES

TREMORS

References

CHAPTER 64. Cranial nerve Abnormalities

LISTERIOSIS

OTITIS MEDIA AND INTERNA

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY

References

CHAPTER 65. Mentation Abnormality, Depression, and Cortical Blindness

POLIOENCEPHALOMALACIA

SALT POISONING/WATER DEPRIVATION

LEAD POISONING

CITRULLINEMIA

HYDROCEPHALUS AND HYDRANENCEPHALY OF CATTLE

References

CHAPTER 66. Central Nervous System Infection and Infestation

MENINGITIS

THROMBOTIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS ASSOCIATED WITH HISTOPHILUS SOMNUS (HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS)

BRAIN ABSCESS

PITUITARY ABSCESS

ENCEPHALITIC INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS INFECTION

PSEUDORABIES

RABIES

NERVOUS COCCIDIOSIS

References

Section VII: Urinary System

CHAPTER 67. Urolithiasis

PATHOGENESIS

CLINICAL SIGNS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

References

CHAPTER 68. Urinary Tract Infection in Food Animals

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

References

CHAPTER 69. Neonatal Urinary Disorders

CONGENITAL DEFECTS

OMPHALITIS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 70. Ulcerative Posthitis

RISK FACTORS

CLINICAL SIGNS

DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

PROGNOSIS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 71. Bovine Enzootic Hematuria

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 72. Surgery of the Urinary Tract

URETHRAL EXTENSION

CYSTOTOMY/BLADDER REPAIR

UROLITHIASIS CORRECTION

References

Section VIII: Genital Surgery—Male

CHAPTER 73. Diagnosis and Management of Juvenile Anomalies of the Penis and Prepuce

PREMATURE SEPARATION OF THE PENIS AND PREPUCE

PERSISTENT FRENULUM

CONGENITAL SHORT PENIS

PENILE FIBROPAPILLOMA

PENILE HAIR RINGS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 74. Diagnosis and Management of Penile Deviations

SPIRAL DEVIATION

VENTRAL DEVIATION

S-SHAPED DEVIATION

REPAIR OF SPIRAL AND VENTRAL PENILE DEVIATIONS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 75. Diagnosis and Management of Injuries to the Penis and Prepuce of Bulls

PREPUTIAL INJURIES

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF PREPUTIAL PROLAPSE

AVULSION OF THE PREPUCE

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PREPUTIAL INJURIES

COMPLICATIONS OF PREPUTIAL INJURY

PENILE INJURIES

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 76. Diagnosis and Management of Inguinal Hernia in Bulls

INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA

DIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA

REPAIR OF INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIAS

REPAIR OF DIRECT INGUINAL HERNIAS

REPAIR OF CONGENITAL INGUINAL HERNIAS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 77. Diagnosis and Management of Conditions of the Scrotum and Testes

ABNORMALITIES OF THE SCROTUM

DIFFERENTIATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SCROTAL SWELLINGS

ROUTINE CASTRATION—BOVINE

ROUTINE CASTRATION OF OVINE AND CAPRINE

UNILATERAL CASTRATION

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 78. Preparation of Teaser Bulls, Rams, and Bucks

PREVENTING INTROMISSION

PREVENTION OF EJACULATION OF SPERM

Recommended Readings

Section IX: Genital Surgery—Female

CHAPTER 79. Bovine Cesarean Sections: Risk Factors and Outcomes

INDICATIONS

APPROACH

ANESTHESIA

SURGICAL TECHNIQUE

CALF MANAGEMENT

POSTOPERATIVE CARE

COMPLICATIONS

CONCLUSIONS

References

CHAPTER 80. Vaginal and Uterine Prolapse

ACUTE VAGINAL PROLAPSE

CHRONIC VAGINAL PROLAPSE

UTERINE PROLAPSE

Recommended Readings for Vaginal Prolapse

CHAPTER 81. Umbilical Surgery in Calves

ANATOMY

DISEASES

SONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS

PREOPERATIVE PREPARATIONS

SURGICAL PROCEDURES FOR REPAIR OF UMBILICAL HERNIAS

UMBILICAL ARTERY ABSCESSES AND URACHAL ABSCESSES

UMBILICAL VEIN ABSCESSES

References

CHAPTER 82. Diagnosis and Management of Teat Injury

TEAT EVALUATION

TEAT INJURY AND SURGERY

TEAT IMPLANTS

References

CHAPTER 83. Laparoscopy in Large Animal Surgery

ANATOMY

TECHNIQUE

COMPLICATIONS

INDICATIONS

References

Recommended Readings

Section X: Ophthalmic Examination Techniques

CHAPTER 84. Ophthalmic Examination Techniques for Production Animals

HISTORY

INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPLIES

EXAMINATION AREA AND RESTRAINT TECHNIQUES

VISION AND OPHTHALMIC REFLEXES

EXAMINATION OF THE EYE AND ADNEXA

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 85. Selected Eye Diseases of Cattle

ORBIT/GLOBE DISORDERS

EYELID/THIRD EYELID/NASOLACRIMAL SYSTEM DISORDERS

CONJUNCTIVAL AND CORNEAL DISORDERS

ANTERIOR UVEAL DISORDERS

LENS

DISORDERS OF THE FUNDUS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 86. Selected Eye Diseases of Sheep and Goats

ORBIT/GLOBE DISORDERS

EYELID/THIRD EYELID

CONJUNCTIVAL AND CORNEAL DISORDERS

ANTERIOR UVEAL DISORDERS

LENS

FUNDUS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 87. Ophthalmology of South American Camelids: Llamas, Alpacas, Guanacos, and Vicuñas

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

EXAMINATION

CAMELID OCULAR DISEASE

References

CHAPTER 88. Selected Eye Diseases of Swine

ORBIT/GLOBE DISORDERS

EYELID

CONJUNCTIVAL AND CORNEAL DISORDERS

ANTERIOR UVEAL DISORDERS

LENS

FUNDUS

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 89. Food Animal Ocular Neoplasia

OCULAR SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

BOVINE LYMPHOSARCOMA

References

CHAPTER 90. Neurogenic Vision Loss

EXAMINATION

DISORDERS WITH AN ABSENT PUPILLARY LIGHT REFLEX

DISORDERS WITH AN INTACT PUPILLARY LIGHT REFLEX

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 91. Ophthalmic Therapeutics

ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

SPECIFIC THERAPY

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 92. Ocular Surgery: Enucleation in Cattle

INDICATIONS FOR ENUCLEATION

PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

SURGICAL PROCEDURE

ENUCLEATION

ANTIINFLAMMATORY/ANALGESIC THERAPY

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY

POSTOPERATIVE CARE

POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS

References

Section XI: Pharmacology and Therapeutics

CHAPTER 93. Ethical Responsibilities of Bovine Veterinarians in Selecting, Prescribing, and Using Therapeutic Drugs

VETERINARIAN-CLIENT-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY

COMPOUNDED DRUGS

DECISIONS IN SOURCING AND DELIVERY OF PHARMACEUTICS

RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE FOOD ANIMAL PRACTITIONER

PRACTICE CHALLENGES—PHILOSOPHY

References

CHAPTER 94. Ethical Responsibilities of Small Ruminant Veterinarians in Selecting and Using Therapeutics

SMALL RUMINANTS ARE FOOD ANIMALS

EXTRALABEL DRUG USE

DAIRY SHEEP AND GOATS

CERVIDS

RESPONSIBLE USE OF PARASITICIDES

HELPING PRODUCERS MAKE TREAMENT DECISIONS

PAIN MANAGEMENT

RESPONSIBILITY TO PRODUCERS AND THE PUBLIC

CHAPTER 95. Practical Pharmacokinetics for the Food Animal Practitioner

PHYSIOLOGIC CONCEPTS

PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS AND DOSING REGIMENS

WITHDRAWAL TIMES

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 96. FARAD and Related Drug Regulations

AMDUCA

TOLERANCE LEVELS

USING FARAD

OTHER FARAD RESOURCES

References

CHAPTER 97. Anthelmintic Treatment in the Era of Resistance

ANTHELMINTICS USED IN RUMINANTS

ANTHELMINTIC THERAPY IN SMALL RUMINANTS

CONSIDERATIONS FOR CATTLE

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 98. Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Pathogens and the Use of Antimicrobials in Food Animals: Challenges in Food Animal Veterinary Practice

LEVELS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA OF FOOD ANIMAL ORIGIN

LIMITATIONS IN AVAILABILITY OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CONSEQUENCES TO ANIMAL AGRICULTURE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 99. Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine: Therapeutic Considerations

LEVELS OF EVIDENCE

USING EBVM IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF EBVM

References

CHAPTER 100. Therapeutic Options in Organic Livestock Medicine

BACKGROUND

OFPA AS APPLIED TO LIVESTOCK

THERAPEUTICS AND THE NATIONAL LIST

CONDITIONS AND TREATMENTS

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 101. Decision Making in Mastitis Therapy

CLINICAL MASTITIS OF MILD TO MODERATE SEVERITY

TREATMENT OF SEVERE CLINICAL MASTITIS

TREATMENT OF SUBCLINICAL INTRAMAMMARY INFECTION

ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY OF PREGNANT HEIFERS

References

CHAPTER 102. Respiratory Disease Treatment Considerations in Feedyards

DEAlING WITH BRD BEFORE IT GETS A HEAD START MAY BE THE MOST IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION

ANTIBIOTIC BASICS

NATURAl HISTORY OF BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE

SELECTING ANTIMICROBIAlS

EVALUATING TREAEMENT RESPONSE: LOOK, LISTEN, AND SMELL

MINIMIZING TIME SPENT TREATING BRD POTENTLLAY IMPROVES BRD TREATMENT RESPONSE

DESIGNING BRD TREATMENT PROTOCOLS

ENVIRONMENTAL AND FEED MANAGEMENT OF SICK CATTLE

ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUE AVOIDANCE STRATEGY

BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE CONSIDERATIONS

SUMMARY

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 103. Antibiotic Treatment of Diarrhea in Preweaned Calves

PRELIMINARY REMARKS

CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

ETIOLOGY OF CALF DIARRHEA

BACTERMIA IN CALVES WITH DIARRHEA

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING

SUCCESS OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY

EVIDENCED-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ADMINISTRATION IN CALF DIARRHEA

ANCILLARY TREATMENTS FOR CALF DIARRHEA

References

CHAPTER 104. Fluid Therapy, Transfusion, and Shock Therapy

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE

FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENT THERAPY

USE OF BLOOD AND PLASMA

SHOCK

Reference

Recommended Reading

CHAPTER 105. Pain Management in Cattle and Small Ruminants

PAIN MANAGEMENT

WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

References

Section XII: Chemical Restraint, Anesthesia, and Pain Management

CHAPTER 106. Chemical Restraint in Ruminants

SITE SELECTION

PATIENT POSITIONING

DRUGS USED IN CHEMICAL RESTRAINT

CHEMICAL RESTRAINT TECHNIQUES

EQUINE STANDING CONSTANT RATE INFUSION TECHNIQUE

References

CHAPTER 107. Ruminant Field Anesthesia

PREANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS

DRUGS USED IN RUMINANT FIELD ANESTHESIA

ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES

References

Suggested Reading

CHAPTER 108. Inhalation Anesthesia in Ruminants

ANESTHESIA MACHINES

PREANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS

PREMEDICATION

ANESTHETIC AGENTS

ANESTHETIC INDUCTION TECHNIQUES

ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION

INHALATION MAINTENANCE

MONITORING

RECOVERY

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 109. Managing Severe Pain in Ruminants

GENERAL CONCEPTS REGARDING ANALGESIC THERAPY

COMBINATION THERAPY

WHAT ABOUT THE RISK OF OVERUSE?

OPIOIDS

TRIFUSION

TRIFUSION AND PENTAFUSION TECHNIQUE

PENTAFUSION

PENTAFUSION: EQUIPMENT REQUIRED AND SAMPLE PROTOCOL

Section XIII: Cow-Calf Production Medicine

CHAPTER 110. Marketing Beef Cow-Calf Production Medicine Programs in Private Practice

MARKETING THE SEVEN AREAS OF BEEF COW-CALF PRODUCTION MEDICINE

HERD HEALTH

FERTILITY

NUTRITION

GENETICS

ENVIRONMENT

RECORDS

MARKETING

ADDITIONAL MARKETING IDEAS

References

CHAPTER 111. Economic Analysis Techniques for the Cow-Calf Practitioner

ECONOMIC TECHNIQUES TO USE FOR SHORT-TERM DECISION MAKING

PARTIAL BUDGETING

STANDARDIZED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

STANDARDIZED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS PRODUCTION

STANDARDIZED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FINANCIAL COMPONENT

DECISION TREE ANALYSIS

LONG-TERM DECISION MAKING

NET PRESENT VALUE

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 112. Cow-Calf Operation Beef Quality Assurance

QUALITY AND SAFETY CHALLENGES

BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE HISTORY

BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE GOOD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

FEEDSTUFFS AND COMMODITY SOURCES GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES

ANIMAL HEALTH MAINTENANCE AND TREATMENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES

SUMMARY

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 113. Biosecurity for Cow-Calf Enterprises

SOURCES OF EXPOSURE

ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF RISK

BIOSECURITY TOOLS

SPECIFIC BIOSECURITY APPLICATIONS

SUMMARY

Additional Resources

CHAPTER 114. Management of Neonatal Diarrhea in Cow-Calf Herds

INVESTIGATING OUTBREAKS OF NEONATAL CALF DIARRHEA

AGENT FACTORS

HOST FACTORS

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

TEMPORAL FACTORS

BIOCONTAINMENT OF NEONATAL CALF DIARRHEA

SANDHILLS CALVING SYSTEM FOR PREVENTING NEONATAL DIARRHEA

CONCLUSIONS

References

CHAPTER 115. Calf Preweaning Immunity and Impact on Vaccine Schedules

IMMUNE COMPETENCE OF THE NEONATAL CALF

VACCINATION OF THE PREWEANING CALF

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 116. Beef Heifer Development

SELECTION OF REPLACEMENT HEIFERS

PUBERTY

PROGESTOGENS

IONOPHORES

GROWTH IMPLANTS

ANTHELMINTIC TREATMENT

HEIFER HEALTH PROGRAM

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 117. Investigation of Abortions and Fetal Loss in the Beef Herd

SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM

CHALLENGE OF DIAGNOSING CAUSES OF FETAL LOSS

A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ABORTION DIAGNOSIS

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 118. Addressing High Dystocia Incidence in Cow-Calf Herds

SIRE-RELATED FACTORS

DAM-RELATED FACTORS

NUTRITION DURING PREGNANCY

CALF-RELATED FACTORS

PRODUCER INTERVENTION

References

Recommended Readings

CHAPTER 119. Carcass Ultrasound Uses in Beef Cattle Production Settings

Data Collection and analysis

Functionality of Carcass ultrasound Data

Summary

References

Recommended Readings

Section XIV: Feedlot Production Medicine

CHAPTER 120. Preconditioned Calves in the Feedyard

PRECONDITIONING PROGRAMS

COMPONENTS OF PRECONDITIONING PROGRAMS

PURCHASING PRECONDITIONED CALVES

INCORPORATION OF PRECONDITIONED CALVES IN THE FEEDYARD

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 121. Low-Stress Livestock Handling

CHAPTER 122. Biosecurity for Feedlot Enterprises

BIOSECURITY—CONTROL OF DISEASE INTRODUCTION

BIOCONTAINMENT—CONTROL OF TRANSMISSION WITHIN THE YARD

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 123. Use of Statistical Process Control in Feedlot Practice

DATA DISTRIBUTION

PROCESS CONTROL CHARTS

TWO CAUSES OF VARIATION—NOISE AND SIGNALS

IMPROVING THE SYSTEM

USE OF PROCESS CONTROL CHARTS IN FEEDLOTS

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 124. Growth Promotants for Beef Production: Anabolic Steroids: Performance Responses and Mode of Action

HISTORY OF ANABOLIC STEROID USE AND PRODUCT SAFETY

MODE OF ACTION OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS

PERFORMANCE RESPONSE TO STEROIDAL GROWTH PROMOTANT IMPLANTS

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 125. Feedlot Vaccination Protocols

BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS

BOVINE HERPES VIRUS-1: INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS

BOVINE RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS

PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3

PASTEURELLOSIS

HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS

MYCOPLASMA BOVIS

FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM AND THE CONTROL OF LIVER ABSCESSES

MORAXELLA BOVIS AND THE PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS BOVINE KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS

CLOSTRIDIAL DISEASES

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 126. An Economic Risk Assessment Model for Management of Pregnant Feeder Heifers

UNDERSTANDING RISK ASSESSMENT MODELING

ABSTRACT

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 127. Investigating Lameness Outbreaks in Feedlot Cattle

References

CHAPTER 128. Investigating Feedlot Respiratory Disease Outbreaks

BE PREPARED

GATHER THE PERTINENT HISTORY

STOP, LOOK, AND LISTEN

SAMPLING

WHEN THINGS DO NOT ADD UP

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 129. Feedlot Therapeutic Protocols

CHAPTER 130. Feedlot Hospital Management

HANDLING OF SICK CATTLE

SANITATION IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING

EQUIPMENT

HOSPITAL PEN MANAGEMENT

SUMMARY

References

CHAPTER 131. No Loose Parts Necropsy Procedure for the Feedyard

EQUIPMENT

SHARP KNIVES

PROCEDURE

FORM

FIELD MICROBIOLOGY FOR FEEDLOT CATTLE

Index

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