Movement Disorders in Childhood

Author: Singer   Harvey S.  

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences‎

Publication year: 2010

E-ISBN: 9781455711307

Subject: F Economic

Language: ENG

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Chapter

Chapter 2: Cerebellar Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology

Introduction

Overview of Cerebellar Structure, Function, and Symptoms

Macroscopic to Microscopic Cerebellar Structure

Neurotransmitters in the Cerebellum

Conclusion

References

Chapter 3: Classification of Movement Disorders

Introduction

Ataxia (Chapter 13)

Athetosis (Chapter 9)

Ballismus (Chapter 9)

Chorea (Chapter 9)

Dystonia (Chapter 10)

Myoclonus (Chapter 11)

Parkinsonism (Chapter 14)

Stereotypies (Chapter 7)

Tics (Chapter 6)

Tremor (Chapter 12)

References

Chapter 4: Diagnostic Evaluation of Children with Movement Disorders

Introduction

Preclinic

In Clinic

The Diagnosis

Summary

References

Section 2: Developmental Movement Disorders

Chapter 5: Transient and Developmental Movement Disorders in Children

Introduction

Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus

Benign Myoclonus of Early Infancy (Benign Infantile Spasms)

Jitteriness

Shuddering

Paroxysmal Tonic Upgaze of Infancy

Head Nodding

Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis

Benign Idiopathic Dystonia of Infancy

Sandifer Syndrome

Posturing during Masturbation

References

Section 3: Paroxysmal Movement Disorders

Chapter 6: Tics and Tourette Syndrome

Introduction

Tic Phenomenology

Tic Disorders

Epidemiology

Outcome

Associated Behaviors and Psychopathologies in Tic Disorders

Etiology

Pathophysiology of Tic Disorders

Treatment

References

Chapter 7: Motor Stereotypies

Introduction

Definition

Differentiating Stereotypies from Other Disorders

Pathophysiology

Classification of Motor Stereotypies

Therapy

References

Chaprter 8: Paroxysmal Dyskinesias

Introduction

Clinical Characteristics

Specific Disorders

References

Section 4: Hyperkinetic and Hypokinetic Movement Disorders

Chapter 9: Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism

Introduction and Overview

Definitions of Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism

Clinical Characteristics—Phenomenology of Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism in Children

Localization and Pathophysiology

Diseases and Disorders

Summary of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach

References

Chapter 10: Dystonia

Introduction and Definition

Clinical Characteristics of Dystonia

Localization and Pathophysiology

Etiologies

Patient and Family Resources

References

Chapter 11: Myoclonus

Introduction and Overview

Definition of Myoclonus

Clinical Characteristics—Phenomenology of Myoclonus in Children

Localization and Pathophysiology

Hemifacial spasm

Summary of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach

References

Chapter 12: Tremor

Introduction and Overview

Definition of Tremor

Clinical Characteristics—Phenomenology of Tremor in Children

Localization and Pathophysiology

Diseases and Disorders

Approach to Diagnosis and Management

References

Chapter 13: Ataxia

Introduction and Overview

Definition of Ataxia

Clinical Characteristics—Phenomenology of Ataxia in Children

Localization and Pathophysiology

Diseases and Disorders

Diagnostic Approach

Summary

References

Chapter 14: Parkinsonism

Introduction

Clinical Features of Parkinsonism

Pathophysiogy of Parkinsonism

Etiology of Parkinsonism in Children

Secondary Parkinsonism

Treatment of Parkinsonism

References

Section 5: Selected Secondary Movement Disorders

Chapter 15: Inherited Metabolic Disorders Associated with Extrapyramidal Symptoms

Pediatric Neurotransmitter Diseases

Mineral Accumulation

Lysosomal Disorders

White Matter (Dysmyelinating) Disorders

Amino Acid Disorders

Organic Acid Disorders

Glycolysis, Pyruvate Metabolism, and Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Disorders

Mitochondrial Disorders

Disorders of Purine Metabolism

Disorders of Creatine Metabolism

Cofactor Disorders

Other

References

Chapter 16: Movements That Occur in Sleep

Overview of Sleep Physiology

Classification of Movements in Sleep

Sleep-Related Movement Disorders

Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders That Are Present during the Daytime and Persist during Sleep

Seizures In and Around the Time of Sleep

References

Chapter 17: Cerebral Palsy

Introduction

Epidemiology

Etiology

Differentiating Hypertonia in Children (Table 17-2)

Cerebral Palsy Syndromes

Diagnostic Tests

Management of Cerebral Palsy

References

Chapter 18: Drug-Induced Movement Disorders in Children

Introduction and Overview

Definition of Drug-Induced Movement Disorders

Clinical Characteristics—Phenomenology of Drug-Induced Movement Disorders in Children

Drug-Induced Movement Disorders

Conclusion

References

Chapter 19: Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Epidemiology

Clinical Features of Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Pathophysiology

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria for Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Aids in Diagnosing Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Specific Movement Disorder Types in Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Treatment and Outcome

Conclusion

References

Appendix A: Drug Appendix

Acetazolamide

Amantadine

Aripiprazole

Baclofen

Baclofen Intrathecal Pump (ITB)

Benztropine

Botox

Carbamazepine

Clonazepam

Clonidine

Clozapine

Dantrolene

Fluphenazine

Guanfacine

Haloperidol

Intravenous Immune Globulin (ivig)

Levetiracetam

Levodopa/Carbidopa

Olanzapine

Penicillamine

Pimozide

Piracetam

Pramipexole

Prednisone and Methylprednisolone

Primidone

Propranolol

Quetiapine

Reserpine

Risperidone

Ropinirole

Sodium Oxybate

Tetrabenazine

Tetrathiomolybdate (TM)

Tizanidine

Topiramate

Trientine

Trihexyphenidyl

Valproic Acid

Zinc

Ziprasidone

Zonisamide

Appendix B: Search Strategy for Genetic Movement Disorders

Appendix C: Video Atlas

Chapter 6 Tic Disorders

Chapter 7 Stereotypies

Chapter 8 Paroxysmal Dyskinesia

Chapter 9 Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism

Chapter 10 Dystonia

Chapter 11 Myoclonus

Chapter 12 Tremor

Chapter 13 Ataxias

Chapter 14 Parkinsonism

Chapter 17 Cerebral Palsy

Chapter 18 Drug-Induced Movement Disorders

Chapter 19 Psychogenic Movement Disorders

Index

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