Front Cover

IFC

Breast Pathology

Copyright

Dedication

Contributors

How To Use This Book

Contents

1 - Normal Breast and Developmental Disorders

NORMAL BREAST

DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

2 - Reactive and Inflammatory Conditions of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

MAMMARY DUCT ECTASIA

FAT NECROSIS

GROSS PATHOLOGY

GRANULOMATOUS LOBULAR MASTITIS

SCLEROSING LYMPHOCYTIC LOBULITIS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

3 - Infections of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

LACTATING BREAST INFECTION

NONLACTATING BREAST INFECTION

ZUSKA’S (SMOLDERING) BREAST DISEASE

MISCELLANEOUS BREAST INFECTIONS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

4 - Epidemiology of Breast Cancer

INTRODUCTION

RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

5 - Patient Safety in Breast Pathology

INTRODUCTION

CHANGING ROLE OF PATHOLOGISTS IN BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

CURRENT CHALLENGES IN THE PRACTICE OF BREAST PATHOLOGY

SUGGESTIONS TO MINIMIZE ERRORS IN BREAST PATHOLOGY

IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT SAFETY–CENTERED BREAST PATHOLOGY IN PRACTICE

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

6 - Gross Examination of Breast Specimens

INTRODUCTION

PERCUTANEOUS CORE NEEDLE BIOPSIES

WIRE-GUIDED EXCISIONS/LUMPECTOMIES

RE-EXCISION SPECIMENS

MASTECTOMIES

PITFALLS IN EVALUATING EXCISIONS AND MASTECTOMIES

AXILLARY LYMPH NODES

EXAMINATION OF BREAST SPECIMENS AFTER NEOADJUVANT THERAPY

CHALLENGES IN EVALUATING SPECIMENS AFTER NEOADJUVANT THERAPY

EXAMINATION OF BREAST PROSTHESES (IMPLANTS)

INTRAOPERATIVE EXAMINATION OF BREAST SPECIMENS

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR GROSS EXAMINATION OF BREAST SPECIMENS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

7 - Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND FEASIBILITY ISSUES

PREDICTORS OF SENTINEL NODE METASTASIS

PATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

AMERICAN JOINT COMMISSION ON CANCER STAGING OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES

CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES WITH REGARD TO HISTOLOGIC ASSESSMENT

HISTOLOGIC PITFALLS

PREDICTORS OF NONSENTINEL LYMPH NODE INVOLVEMENT

CRITICAL ISSUES

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

8 - Breast Imaging Modalities for Pathologists

INTRODUCTION

MAMMOGRAPHY

ULTRASOUND

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

BREAST-SPECIFIC GAMMA IMAGING

POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

SENTINEL LYMPH NODE IMAGING

METHODS FOR OBTAINING, MARKING, AND LOCALIZING A TISSUE SAMPLE

NEW METHODS ON THE HORIZON

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

9 - Predictive and Prognostic Marker Testing in Breast Pathology: Immunophenotypic Subclasses of Disease

INTRODUCTION

HORMONE RECEPTORS IN BREAST CARCINOMA

HER2 (ERBB2) ONCOGENE IN BREAST CARCINOMA

OTHER RELEVANT PROGNOSTIC/PREDICTIVE MARKERS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

10 - Molecular-based Testing in Breast Disease for Therapeutic Decisions

INTRODUCTION

GENOMIC TECHNOLOGIES

GENOMIC CLASSIFIERS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

11 - Diagnostic Immunohistology of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

ASSESSMENT OF STROMAL INVASION

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY OF PAPILLARY LESIONS

PROLIFERATIVE DUCTAL EPITHELIAL LESIONS AND IN SITU CARCINOMAS

TUMOR TYPE IDENTIFICATION BY IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

PAGET’S DISEASE OF THE BREAST

DETECTION OF LYMPHATIC SPACE INVASION

SENTINEL LYMPH NODE EXAMINATION

SYSTEMIC METASTASIS OF BREAST CARCINOMA

FIBROEPITHELIAL TUMORS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

12 - Fibroepithelial Lesions

FIBROADENOMA

PHYLLODES TUMOR

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

13 - Papilloma and Papillary Lesions

INTRODUCTION

PAPILLOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

14 - Adenosis and Microglandular Adenosis

INTRODUCTION

ADENOSIS

MICROGLANDULAR ADENOSIS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

15 - Nipple Adenoma (Florid Papillomatosis of the Nipple)

INTRODUCTION

NIPPLE ADENOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

16 - Radial Scar

INTRODUCTION

RADIAL SCAR

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

17 - Myoepithelial Lesions of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

ADENOMYOEPITHELIOMA

MYOFIBROBLASTOMA

ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

18 - Fibrocystic Change and Usual Epithelial Hyperplasia of Ductal Type

FIBROCYSTIC CHANGE

USUAL DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

19 - Columnar Cell Alterations, Flat Epithelial Atypia, and Atypical Ductal Epithelial Hyperplasia

INTRODUCTION

COLUMNAR CELL ALTERATIONS AND FLAT EPITHELIAL ATYPIA

IMMUNOHISTOLOGY OF COLUMNAR CELL–RELATED LESIONS

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FLAT EPITHELIAL ATYPIA, LOBULAR NEOPLASIA, ATYPICAL DUCTAL EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA, LOW-GRADE DUCTAL CARCINOM...

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

20 - Molecular Classification of Breast Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

INTRINSIC GENE SET–BASED MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION

OTHER MOLECULAR SUBTYPES

MOLECULAR ANALYSES OF SPECIAL SUBTYPE CARCINOMAS

MOLECULAR PROFILING OF METASTATIC DISEASE

OTHER MULTIGENE PREDICTION ASSAYS

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL SURROGATES TO MOLECULAR CLASSES

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

21 - Lobular Neoplasia and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU AND ATYPICAL LOBULAR HYPERPLASIA

INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA

MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF LOBULAR CARCINOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

22 - Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

23 - Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of No Special Type and Histologic Grade

INTRODUCTION

INVASIVE CARCINOMA OF NO SPECIAL TYPE (DUCTAL NST)

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

24 - Triple-Negative and Basal-like Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

BREAST CANCER MOLECULAR TAXONOMY

BASAL-LIKE BREAST CANCER

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

25 - Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

26 - Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

27 - Paget’s Disease of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

28 - Pathology of Neoadjuvant Therapeutic Response of Breast Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

PREDICTORS OF THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE

EVALUATION OF THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE

POST-TREATMENT PROGNOSTIC AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS

SYSTEMS FOR EVALUATING DEGREE OF RESPONSE

REPORTING OF POST-TREATMENT SPECIMEN

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

29 - Special Types of Breast Carcinoma: Tubular Carcinoma, Mucinous Carcinoma, Cribriform Carcinoma, Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma, and Medullary Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

TUBULAR CARCINOMA

MUCINOUS CARCINOMA

INVASIVE CRIBRIFORM CARCINOMA

INVASIVE MICROPAPILLARY CARCINOMA

MEDULLARY CARCINOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

30 - Rare Breast Carcinomas: Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine Carcinoma, Secretory Carcinoma, Carcinoma with Osteoclast-like Giant Cells, Lipid-Rich Carcinoma, and Glycogen-Rich Clear Cell Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA

SECRETORY CARCINOMA

CARCINOMA WITH OSTEOCLAST-LIKE GIANT CELLS

LIPID-RICH CARCINOMA

GLYCOGEN-RICH CLEAR CELL CARCINOMA

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

31 - Mesenchymal Neoplasms of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

HAMARTOMA (ADENOLIPOMA, CHONDROLIPOMA, AND MYOID HAMARTOMA)

HIBERNOMA

BENIGN VASCULAR LESIONS

MALIGNANT VASCULAR TUMORS

MYOFIBROBLASTIC PROLIFERATIONS

LEIOMYOMATOUS LESIONS

OTHER SARCOMAS

MISCELLANEOUS BENIGN MESENCHYMAL TUMORS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

32 - Neoplasia of the Male Breast

INTRODUCTION

BENIGN PROLIFERATIVE LESIONS

BENIGN PAPILLARY LESIONS

FIBROEPITHELIAL LESIONS

GYNECOMASTIA

CARCINOMA OF THE MALE BREAST

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

33 - Breast Tumors in Children and Adolescents

INTRODUCTION

JUVENILE PAPILLOMATOSIS

PAPILLARY DUCT HYPERPLASIA (PAPILLOMA, PAPILLOMATOSIS)

FIBROEPITHELIAL LESIONS

ATYPICAL DUCT HYPERPLASIA

CARCINOMA

OTHER MALIGNANT TUMORS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

34 - Tumors of the Mammary Skin

INTRODUCTION

BENIGN SKIN TUMORS OF THE SURFACE EPITHELIUM

SURFACE CARCINOMAS OF THE MAMMARY SKIN

MAMMARY PAGET’S DISEASE

NONVASCULAR CUTANEOUS MESENCHYMAL LESIONS OF THE MAMMARY SKIN

BENIGN CUTANEOUS VASCULAR AND PERIVASCULAR TUMORS OF THE BREAST

MELANOCYTIC LESIONS OF THE MAMMARY SKIN

HEMATOPOIETIC TUMORS OF THE MAMMARY SKIN

METASTATIC TUMORS OF THE MAMMARY SKIN

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

35 - Hematopoietic Tumors of the Breast

INTRODUCTION

NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA

OTHER NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS

PLASMACYTIC NEOPLASMS

HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA

MYELOID NEOPLASMS AND EXTRAMEDULLARY HEMATOPOIESIS

HISTIOCYTIC/DENDRITIC CELL PROLIFERATIONS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

36 - Metastatic Tumors in the Breast

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

INDEX